Ionic BondingNaming Salts

Ionic BondsAn ionic bond is a very strong attraction between a positive cation and a negative anion.Na+ Cl -

Crystal Lattice StructureThe ions organize themselves in a pattern of alternating charge called a crystal lattice.

The strong attractions cause ionic compounds (salts) to have high melting and boiling points.

Balancing ChargesFor most compounds to be stable, they must have a neutral overall charge.Mg2+ S2-If necessary, add ions to balance charges.Mg2+ F1- F1-

Chemical FormulasOnce bound as a salt, write the elements with the cation then anion symbols and no spaces or charges.Mg2+ + S2- → MgS

Coefficients and SubscriptsIf a compound requires more than one ion, you write a subscript after the element.

Mg2+ + 2F- → MgF2

Coefficients indicate that you must multiply the species by that number.

Mg2+ + F1- + F1- → MgF2

Cross-Balancing ChargesFor compounds that have multiples of each atom, you can cross the charges as coefficients (then subscripts).Al3+ + O2- → ?2Al3+ + 3O2- → Al2O3

Balancing Compounds Practice1) What compound would be formed when the following ions bond?Ca2+ Cl1-

A) CaClB) Ca2ClC) CaCl2

Balancing Compounds Practice2) What compound would be formed when the following ions bond?K1+ P3-

A) KPB) K3PC) KP3

Balancing Compounds Practice3) What compound would be formed when the following ions bond?Fe3+ O2-

A) Fe2O3

B) FeOC) Fe3O2

Naming CompoundsThe compounds are named as they are written, not including subscripts.MgSmagnesium

sulfideAlF3alumi

numfluoride

Naming Compounds Practice4) What is the name of the salt, AgCl?

A) silver chlorine

B) silver chlorate

C) silver chloroxide

D) silver chloride

Naming Compounds Practice5) What is the name of the salt, BaO?

A) barium oxide

B) boron oxideC) baride

oxygenD) barium

oxygen

Naming Compounds Practice6) What is the name of the salt, Al2S3?

A) aluminum trisulfite

B) aluminum sulfate

C) aluminum sulfide

D) aluminum (II) sulfide

Writing Compounds from NamesTranslate the name of each ion into the symbol form based on valence electrons.sodiumphosph

ideNa1+ P3-Add coefficients to balance charges.3Na1+ P3-Rewrite as the chemical formula.

→Na3P

Writing Compounds Practice7) What is the chemical formula for potassium iodide?

A) PIB) KIC)KI2

Writing Compounds Practice8) What is the chemical formula for beryllium oxide?

A) BeOB) Be2OC)BeO2

Writing Compounds Practice9) What is the chemical formula for strontium bromide?

A) SrBr2B) Sr2BrC)SrBr

Writing Compounds Practice10) What is the chemical formula for calcium nitride?

A) CaNB) Ca2N3C)Ca3N2