investigation of temperature distribution …€¦ · used course mesh for this model 0.1m to...

http://www.iaeme.com/IJCIET/index.asp 889 [email protected]

International Journal of Civil Engineering and Technology (IJCIET) Volume 8, Issue 8, August 2017, pp. 889–897, Article ID: IJCIET_08_08_092

Available online at http://http://www.iaeme.com/ijciet/issues.asp?JType=IJCIET&VType=8&IType=8

ISSN Print: 0976-6308 and ISSN Online: 0976-6316

© IAEME Publication Scopus Indexed

INVESTIGATION OF TEMPERATURE

DISTRIBUTION ON COMBINED PRESSURE

VESSEL COLUMN

A.M. Senthil Anbazhagan

Lead Static Equipment Engineer, Shriram EPC Limited,

Channai – 600 095, Tamilnadu, India

M. Dev Anand

Professor and Director Research, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering,

Noorul Islam University, Kumaracoil - 629180,

Kanyakumari District, Tamilnadu, India

ABSTRACT

In this paper we have investigated the temperature distribution of the cracked

portion of the pressure vessel. Temperature distribution on tall pressure vessel is always

a challenging area of design in oil and gas industry. For example, it is needed to

investigate temperature distribution in the vessel which is mounted in offshore platform

before erecting the platform. In offshore vessel always faces different ranges of

temperatures. The bottom portion of the vessel faces some range of temperature and the

mid and top areas of the vessel faces different temperatures. For preventing temperature

effect on the vessel surface, it is better if the designer perform temperature analysis

before erecting the vessel. In this paper, we develop a new procedure to perform

temperature analysis.

Key words: Mean Design Metal Temperature, Finite Element Method, American

Society of Mechanical Engineers.

Cite this Article: A.M. Senthil Anbazhagan and M. Dev Anand, Investigation of

Temperature Distribution on Combined Pressure Vessel Column, International Journal

of Civil Engineering and Technology, 8(8), 2017, pp. 889–897.

http://www.iaeme.com/IJCIET/issues.asp?JType=IJCIET&VType=8&IType=8

1. INTRODUCTION

Two connected pressure vessel have been taken for temperature analysis. Normally these kind

of connected vessels are used in offshore platform oil and gas industry. The assumed

dimensions are used for modeling the vessel. The bottom portion of the vessel is connected

each other through flanges [1]. In this type of vessel, major oil storage and transaction happen

in bottom portion. The vessel gets more thermal and mechanical loads in bottom. It is important

A.M. Senthil Anbazhagan and M. Dev Anand


that bottom portion should be designed with high care [1]. Two types of analysis are performed

in this study. First is strength analysis based on the mechanical loads inside and outside the

vessel and the second is thermal analysis based on the thermal loads in different portions of the

vessel.

2. MATERIAL PROPERTIES

The material properties used in this analysis are obtained from ASME II-D, and are suitable for

VIII Div1 Components [3]. The rules of ASME VIII-2 are used to set the stress limits. The

vessel shell and flanges are fabricated from SA 516 Gr.70 material. The details of properties

are listed in Table-[1]. A rule of ASME SEC.VIII DIV-II is used for setting up the allowable

stress limits of this material [3]. The minimum tensile strength of the material is 482 MPa. The

minimum yield strength of the material is 261MPa and the material density is 76807 N/m3.

Table 1 Summary of Material Properties

3. MODELLING OF THE VESSEL

The solid modeling has been done for the vessel. Refer the figure [1] and [2].Head and bottom

skirt designs are not considered for this analysis as our aim is to see the temperature

transformation on the critical area of the vessel. As far as this problem is concerned, the critical

area of the vessel is the connected portion of the vessel [7] [8]. Refer figure [2] for knowing the

critical area. In this area the fluid transformations happen randomly. So these areas will obtain

more temperature and mechanical loads [7] [8]. As we explained earlier, we have not considered

the top head and bottom portion of the vessels in the modeling. Also we modeled half portion

of the shell and the considered total shell length as 6m height. The bottom portion is directly

fixed on the skid [7] [8]. The diameter of the vessel is 2000mm and the thickness is 20mm.The

flange diameter is 24inch and the pressure temperature rating of the flange is #2500.

Figure 1 Vessel Setup for Analysis Figure 2 Critical Area of the Vessel

Properties of the Material SA-516 Gr.70

Min. Tensile Strength 482 MPa

Min. Yield Strength 261 MPa Material Density 76807 N/m3

Product form PLATE

Investigation of Temperature Distribution on Combined Pressure Vessel Column


3. LOADS AND BOUNDARY CONDITIONS

The bottom portions of the vessels are fixed in all directions for preventing the rigid body

motion. The vessel is assumed to be mounted on skid which will prevent differential ground

settling, various pressure, wind and seismic [7] [8]. The applied forces, temperature considered

for this study and their directions of application are represented in the below figures [3], [4].

Figure [3] explains the DOF arrest and internal pressure load application of the vessel. We

performed two type of analysis; prior to doing the thermal analysis we have done static analysis.

Figure [3] is the setup of static analysis. Figure [4] is the setup of thermal analysis [7] [8]. The

applied loads in the outside of the vessel as well as inside of the vessel are mentioned in figure

[4].During the thermal analysis the internal and external temperature are applied to obtain the

temperature effects on the vessel. The applied temperatures are different from area to area

[7][8]. The flange connection area is applied more temperature than the other areas. The

obtained results are the combined result of the temperatures on the vessels. The resultant

reaction force on the bottom of the plate obtained is as follows.

Table 2 Summary of Reaction Forces

Reaction Forces

Selection Set Units Sum X Sum Y Sum Z Resultant

Entire Model N 497 -664 536 988

Figure 3 Static Analysis Load Distribution Figure 4 Thermal Analysis Load Distribution

4. MESHING OF THE MODEL

High quality solid mesh has been used to develop the meshing of these vessels [7] and [8]. We

used course mesh for this model 0.1m to highlight the difference between static and thermal

distribution. Uniform mesh all over the area would help to get the clear temperature

distributions [7] and [8].



Figure 5 Meshing of the Connected Vessel Figure 6 Meshing in Complex Area

Table 3 Summary of Mesh Properties

MESH Information

Mesh Type Solid Mesh

Mesh Used Standard Mesh

Automatic Transition Off

Include Mesh Auto Loops Off

Jacobin Points Four Points

Element Size 131mm

Mesh Tolerance 6.57mm

Mesh Quality High

Total Nodes 62468

Total Elements 31178

Maximum Aspect Ratio 27.48

% Element with Aspect Ratio < 3 14.7

% Element with Aspect Ratio > 10 0.997

4. METHODS OF THERMAL AND STATIC ANALYSIS

The static and thermal analysis has been performed using the software solid works. Static

analysis is used to find out the mechanical strength of the vessel and the thermal analysis used

to find out the temperature distribution of the vessel [1] and [2]. Both the analyses are important

for qualifying the vessels. It will be always better before erecting the vessel the designer could

involve these vessels in to static and thermal studies for qualifying the vessel. Total mass of the

vessel assembly is 315Kg and the volume 0.040m3.Density 7800kg/cm2 and the weight 3079N.

The considered internal pressure of the static analysis is 30bar. The load is distributed internally

uniform inside the vessel.

5. INPUT DATA’S FOR THERMAL, STATIC AND WIND, SEISMIC

INPUTS

Tables [4] and [5] are explaining the data’s taken for analysis. It includes static, thermal and

wind and seismic load data’s. The application of loads on the vessels can be obtained from

figures [3] and [4].



Table 4 Wind and Seismic Data’s Considered

Considered Values Values Reference Portions Applied

Temperature

Basic Wind Speed 125 Km/hr Assumed Bottom of the Vessel 300 degC

Wind Zone Number

(Wind) 1 Ref.[7] Flange Area 700 degC

Risk Factor (Wind) 1 Ref.[7] Middle of the Vessel 600 degC

Terrain Category

(Wind) 1 Ref.[7] Top of the Vessel 400 degC

Equipment Class

(Wind) A Ref.[7] Static Pressure Load 30 barg

Topological Factor

(wind) 1 Ref.[7] Temperature on bottom 300 degC

Important Factor

(Seismic) 1 Ref.[7] Heat Flux X 10 W

Zone Number

(Seismic) 1 Ref.[7] Heat Flux Y 10 W

Soil Factor

(Seismic) 1 Ref.[7] Heat Flux Z 10 W

6. FINITE ELEMENT OUTPUTS STATIC AND THERMAL ANALYSIS

Figure 7 Von Misses Stress Figure 8 Stress Intensity

Figure 9 Displacement Result Figure 10 Displacement in Other Direction



Figure 11 Resultant Reaction Force Figure 12 Displacement in Z Direction


(CONTINUATION)

Figure 13 Strain Distribution of the Vessel Figure 14 Strain Energy Release Rate

Figure 15 Temperature Distribution of Vessel Figure 16 Temperature Distribution on Flange



Figure 17 Temperature Gradient X Direction Figure 18 Temperature Gradient X Direction


(CONTINUATION)

Figure 19 Temperature Gradient Y Direction Figure 20 Temperature Gradient Y Direction

Figure 21 Temperature Gradient Z Direction Figure 22 Heat Flux X Direction



Figure 23 Heat Flux Y Direction Figure 24 Heat Flux Z Direction

9. OBTAINED RESULTS

Table 5 Finite Element Analysis Results

Sl. No.

o. Stresses for Worst Load Values Report

1. Von Misses for Critical Wind + Seismic [Fig-7] 358 MPa Upwards

2. Stress Intensity Wind + Seismic [Fig-8] 398 MPa Upwards

3. Displacement Wind + Seismic [Fig-9,10] 8mm ---

4. Resultant Reaction Force [Fig-11] 2.541 E005 MPa ---

5. Displacement Z Direction [Fig-12] 7mm ---

6. Strain Distribution [Fig-13] 1.202 E003 ---

7. Energy Distribution [Fig-14] 4.398 E001 ---

8. Temperature Distribution Plot [Fig-15,16] 600 DegC ---

9. Temperature Gradient X Direction [Fig-17,18] 8.776 E001 ---

10. Temperature Gradient Y Direction [Fig-19,20] 7.421 E001 ---

11. Temperature Gradient Z Direction [Fig-21] 8.387 E001 ---

12. Heat Flux X Direction [Fig-22] 7.776 ---

13. Heat Flux Y Direction [Fig-23] 2.293 ---

14. Heat Flux Z Direction [Fig-24] 6.755 ---

7. RECOMMENDATION AND CONCLUSIONS

From this study, we understood the importance of temperature analysis in pressure vessels. Also

we understood that, performing static analysis prior to temperature analysis would help designer

to know the strength of the vessels. If we want to perform temperature analysis, the combined

static and temperature analysis would help the designer/fabricator to design the vessel perfectly

[7] and [8]. Particularly, in offshore industry; these kinds of studies would help the

designer/fabricator for designing the vessels [7] and [8]. The steps which we followed in this

study would help vessel fabricator for fabricating the vessel.



REFERENCES

[1] ASME Code, Rules for Construction of Pressure Vessel, Section VIII-Div-I, Subsection-A,

General Requirements, 2007. pp. 8-104.

[2] IS-875 and IS-1893, General Requirement of Wind and Seismic Design Recommendations,

General Requirements, 2007 Edition.

[3] ASME Section-II Materials and it Mechanical Properties Selection 2007 Edition.

[4] Dennis R. Moss, Pressure Vessel Design and Development Manual, Third Edition, Elsevier

Publications Inc.

[5] Euguny F. Megacy, Pressure Vessel Design and Development Hand Book, Fourteenth

Edition, Pressure Vessel Publishing Incorporated.

[6] Hendry H. Bedner P.E, Pressure Vessel Hand Book, Second Edition, CBS Publishers and

Distributers.

[7] A.M. Senthil Anbazhagan and M. Dev Anand, Fatigue and Brinelling Evaluation of ASME

Pressure Vessel Closure, International Reviewers of Mechanical Engineering Association

IRME”, July 2011.

[8] Husam Mahdi Hadi, Qasim S. Mahdi and Nessrian Ali Hussien, Experimental and

Numerical Investigation of Temperature Distribution for Meat during Freezing Process.

International Journal of Mechanical Engineering and Technology, 7(3), 2016, pp. 213–224.

[9] Avinash R.Kharat, Suyash B. Kamble, Amol V. Patil, I.D. Burse, Comparative Study of

Different Approaches To Estimate SCF In Pressure Vessel Opening. International Journal

of Mechanical Engineering and Technology, 7(5), 2016, pp. 142–155

[10] A.M.Senthil Anbazhagan and M.Dev Anand, Development of Finite Element Based Wind

and Seismic Design Procedure for Vertical Tall Process Vessel, International Conference

on Crisis in Global Oil and Gas Industry by IITM and London School of Energy. March

2012. [Best Paper Award from IIT Chennai].

investigation of temperature distribution …€¦ · used course mesh for this model 0.1m to...

Documents