investigation 3: the force of magnetism...s1.2 construct explanations independently for natural...
TRANSCRIPT
Investigation 3:
The Force of Magnetism
Name: ___________________________
Science Notebook
Energy and Electromagnetism
Big Question: What are the properties of magnets?
4th
1
Alignment with New York State Science Standards &
Performance Indicators
Standard 1: Mathematical Analysis
M1.1 Extend mathematical notation and symbolism to include variables and
algebraic expressions in order to describe and compare quantities
M2.1 Use inductive reasoning to construct, evaluate, and validate conjectures
and arguments, recognizing patterns can assist in explaining and extending
math phenomena
M3.1 Apply math knowledge to solve real-world problems
2
Standard 1: Scientific Inquiry
S1.1 Formulate questions independently with the aid of references appropriate
for guiding the search for explanations of observations
S1.2 Construct explanations independently for natural phenomena
S1.3 Represent, present, and defend proposed explanations
S2.1 Use conventional techniques and those of their own design to make
further observations and refine explanations
S2.2 Develop, present, and defend formal research proposals
S2.3 Carry out research proposals, recording observations and measurements
S3.1 Design charts, tables, graphs and other visual representations of
observations in conventional and creative ways
S3.2 Interpret organized data to answer the research question and to gain
insight into the problem
S3.3 Modify their personal understanding of phenomena based on evaluation
of their hypothesis
Standard 1: Engineering Design
T1.1 Identify needs and opportunities for technical solutions from an
investigation of situations of general or social interest
T1.2 Locate and utilize a range of printed, electronic, and human information
sources to obtain ideas
T1.3 Consider constraints and generate several ideas for alternative solutions,
using group and individual ideation techniques, defer judgment, evaluate ideas,
explain optimal choice
T1.4 Develop plans and construct a model of the solution
T1.5 In a group setting, test their solution against design specs, present and
evaluate results, describe how solution might be modified, and discuss
tradeoffs
Alignment with New York State Science Standards &
Performance Indicators
Standard 2: Information Systems
3: Information technology can have a positive and negative impact on society,
depending on its use
3
Standard 4: Physical Environment
4.1c Most activities in everyday life involve one form of energy being
transformed into another
4.1d Different forms of energy include heat, light, electrical, mechanical,
sound, nuclear, and chemical
4.1e Energy can be considered to be either kinetic energy or potential energy
Standard 6: Interconnectedness
1: Through systems thinking, they recognize commonalities that exist and how
parts of a system interrelate and combine to perform special functions
2: Models are simplified representations
5: Identifying patterns for change is necessary for making predictions about
future behavior and conditions
6: In order to arrive at the best solution to meet criteria and constraints,
trade-offs are often necessary
Standard 7: Interdisciplinary Problem Solving
1: The knowledge and skills of mathematics, science, and technology are used
together to make informed decisions and solve problems
2: Solving interdisciplinary problems involves a variety of skills and strategies
such as effective work habits, gathering information, generating ideas, making
connections, and presenting ideas
Table of Contents
Title Page Part
4
1 What materials stick to magnets? 6
2 What happens when two or more magnets interact? 13
3 What happens when a piece of iron comes close to 20 or touches a permanent magnet?
4 What happens to the force of attraction between two 27 magnets as the distance between them changes?
5 What do magnets interact with in the outdoor 35 environment?
5
What do you know about magnets?
I Think…
Now I Know…
Part 1: Magnets and Materials
6
What materials stick to magnets?
FOCUS QUESTION
CLAIM EVIDENCE
Part 1: Magnets and Materials
7
Test Objects Inventory
2 Aluminum foil
2 Aluminum nails
2 Black rocks
2 Brass rings
2 Cardboard
2 Copper foil
2 Paper fasteners
2 Plastic chips
2 Plastic straws
2 River rocks
2 Rubber bands
2 Sponges
2 Steel nails
2 Steel paper clips
2 Steel screens
2 Steel screws
2 Steel washers
2 Wood sticks
2 Wool yarn
8
What can you conclude about magnets?
Part 1: Magnets and Materials
9
Directions: Test objects in your classroom to determine if they are
made of iron or steel. Record your findings in the table below.
Part 1: Magnets and Materials
10
Read: Some materials stick to magnets. Some materials conduct
electricity. Challenge Question: How are magnetic materials and conductors
alike and how are they different? Answer the question below.
11
Part 1: Magnets and Materials
Word Bank
12
Part 1: Magnets and Materials
Science Content/Inquiry
Part 2: Magnets Interact
13
What happens when two or more magnets interact?
FOCUS QUESTION
CLAIM EVIDENCE
Part 2: Magnets Interact
Challenge: Find out if magnets attract when side A on one magnet
comes close to side A on a second magnet? Or do magnets attract
when side A on one magnet comes close to side B on a second
magnet? Illustrate and respond to demonstrate what you discover.
14
Part 2: Magnets Interact
15 15
1. Orient your magnet so that it will attract the north
pole of a bar magnet. 2. Slowly bring your magnet in that orientation up to a
bar magnet.
3. Show that it sticks when you let go.
Note: The side you labeled S should be the one that
sticks to the north pole of the bar magnet. Remember,
opposites attract.
Follow the directions below to confirm your magnet’s
poles are labeled correctly using a bar magnet.
1. The south pole on your magnet should attract the
colored north end of the compass needle. 2. The pole labeled “N” should repel the colored end of
the compass needle.
If your magnet is labeled correctly you will see the
following.
COMPASS
BAR MAGNET
Part 2: Magnets Interact
16 16
17
Part 2: Magnets Interact
Word Bank
18
Part 2: Magnets Interact
Science Content/Inquiry
Part 2: Magnets Interact
19
Directions: Read, When Magnet Meets Magnet and use evidence from the
text to answer the questions below.
1. Why does magnetite stick to a magnet?
2. What causes magnets to attract each other at some times and repel each
other at other times?
3. The magnets shown on page 42 of your text have one pole labeled. Which pairs of magnets will attract, and which will repel?
Part 3: Magnetic Fields
20
What happens when a piece of iron comes close
to or touches a permanent magnet?
FOCUS QUESTION
CLAIM EVIDENCE
Part 3: Magnetic Fields
21 21
OBSERVATIONS & DISCOVERIES
INVESTIGATE: Can magnetism work through
materials?
Part 3: Magnetic Fields
22 22
OBSERVATIONS & DISCOVERIES
INVESTIGATE: What happens when a piece of iron
comes close to or touches a permanent magnet?
Part 3: Magnetic Fields
23
How Magnets Work
1. Can a magnet attract a paperclip through materials? If yes, what kinds of
materials?
2. How can a magnet make a paperclip float in the air?
3. What happens to a steel nail when a magnet touches it?
24
Response Sheet- Investigation 3
1. You probably noticed that an iron object doesn’t have to touch a magnet
before it begins to move toward the magnet. Why do you think that happens?
2. If you put something like a piece of cardboard between a magnet and an
iron nail, the magnet still holds the nail in place. How can that happen?
3. When you make a “chain” of iron objects, you start with a magnet, stick
an iron object to the magnet, then stick other iron objects to more iron
objects. Why do you think the iron objects stick to each other even when they are not touching the magnet?
25
Part 3: Magnetic Fields
Word Bank
26
Part 3: Magnetic Fields
Science Content/Inquiry
Part 4: Magnetic Force
27
What happens to the force of attraction between two
magnets as the distance between them changes?
FOCUS QUESTION
CLAIM EVIDENCE
Part 4: Magnetic Force
28 28
How many washers did it take your group to break the force of attraction between two magnets? ________ washers
Part 4: Magnetic Force
29 29
What do you think will happen to the force of attraction between the two
magnets if you put a plastic spacer between them? Do you think the force
will get strong, weaker, or stay the same? Why?
When I put a plastic spacer
between the magnets, the force will
I think this will happen because
DATA
PREDICT RESULTS
When I put a plastic spacer
between the magnets, the force
Part 4: Magnetic Force
30 30
Directions: Graph the data from your T- chart on the prior page.
Part 4: Magnetic Force
31 31
How many washers will it take to break the force of attraction
when two spacers are placed between the magnets? Why?
RATIONALE
PREDICT RESULTS
It will take ___________
washers to break the force
of attraction when two
spacers are placed between
the magnets.
It took ___________ washers
to break the force of
attraction when two spacers
are placed between the
magnets.
Part 4: Magnetic Force
32
Directions: Answer the questions below.
1. How much distance in spacers was used when it took a force of
four washers to break the force?
3. What is the relationship between the distance separating two
magnets and the force of attraction between them?
2. How can you use a graph to predict?
33
Part 4: Magnetic Force
Word Bank
34
Part 4: Magnetic Force
Science Content/Inquiry
Part 5: Magnets Outdoors
35
What do magnets interact with in the
outdoor environment?
FOCUS QUESTION
CLAIM EVIDENCE
Part 5: Magnets Outdoors
36
Directions: Test objects outdoors to see how they interact with
magnets. Record your findings below in a data table you create.
37
Part 5: Magnets Outdoors
Word Bank
38
Part 5: Magnets Outdoors
Science Content/Inquiry
What are the properties of magnets?
Investigation 3: The Force of Magnetism
39
BIG QUESTION
Explain. Use evidence from the investigations to support your
answer.