invertebrate animals sponges
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I -PHYLUM PORIFERA – SPONGES “Pore-bearing animals” Variety of sponges at coral reefTRANSCRIPT
Invertebrate Animals Sponges I -PHYLUM PORIFERA SPONGES
Pore-bearing animals
Variety of sponges at coral reef Glass Sponges They are deep water
sponges that form large billowing growths up to ten feet in
diameter and nearly seven feet high. They use silica and glass like
spicules to form the support structure of the sponge. Cloud sponges
are found from Alaska to Mexico, typically in inlets and rock
ledges at depths of 100 feet or deeper. They belong to a group that
was present before the time of the dinosaurs. Major
Characteristics
1)Habitat fresh (150 species), or salt water (10,000 species) 2)
General Structure: No true tissues or organs (size 1 cm 2 meters)
Tube Sponges 3)Movement sessile in adult form, most adults remain
firmly attached to a surface such as a rock BODY PLAN: B) 1) Body
wall with 2 layers of cells separated by a jelly-like substance 2)
The sponge interior is linedwith cells known as Choanocytes,or
collar cells. Their beating flagella draw water into the sponge
through pores. 3) Water enters the sponge through incurrent
pores.
4) Water leaves the sponge through the osculum,(excurrent pore) a
large pore in the top of the sponge 5) Support of the sponge is
provided by a skeleton of protein fiber network called spongin,or
in some sponges, a network of hard particles called spicules.
Spicules are tiny, hard particles of calcium carbonate or silicon
dioxide. Spicules Glass Sponge Spicules glass sponge Glass Sponge
Spicules NUTRITION: C) 1) Sponges filter food from the water. They
are filter feeders. 2) They eat bacteria, protozoans, unicellular
algae, and organic matter.In some cases they can filter several
thousand liters a day. Digestion: 1) Choanocytes(collar cells)
digest food.
2) Archeocytes (amebocytes) distribute food thoughout the sponge.
(complete digestion - intracellular) Waste excretion- E) Diffusion
of wastes directly into the water Reproduction: F) 1) asexual
internal buds called gemmules = food-filled ball
ofarcheocytes(amebocytes) surrounded by a protective coat made of
organic material. The gemmules also survive harsh conditions that
kill the sponge. 2) sexual: archeocytes (amebocytes) carry sperm to
egg cells within the sponge, usually from another sponge, expelled
into the water. 3) Sponges are hermaphroditic and can therefore
produce both sperm and egg cells within the same animal. 4) Sponge
larvae have flagella to leave the parent and find a new location.
Sponges are homes to other animals
Red sponge with brittle star inside Synthetic sponges PURPLE
SPONGE