inversions based on me atmospheres
DESCRIPTION
Inversions based on ME atmospheres. Stokes inversions beyond ME atmospheres. Luis R. Bellot Rubio Instituto de Astrofísica de Andalucía (CSIC) Granada, Spain. Inversions based on ME atmospheres. ME atmosphere: Source function is linear with optical depth - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
Inversions based on ME atmospheres
Stokes inversions beyond ME atmospheres
Luis R. Bellot RubioInstituto de Astrofísica de Andalucía (CSIC)
Granada, Spain
Extended SOT#17 meeting, Tokyo, April 2006 Luis R. Bellot Rubio
Inversions based on ME atmospheres
• ME atmosphere:– Source function is linear with optical depth
– Absorption matrix does not vary with optical depth
• Analytical Stokes profiles
• Fast inversion
• Smooth maps of physical quantities
• Results are easy to interpret
• Simplistic treatment of radiation transfer
• Little thermal information. No height variations
• Cannot account for asymmetric Stokes profiles
Extended SOT#17 meeting, Tokyo, April 2006 Luis R. Bellot Rubio
Asymmetric Stokes profiles
• Spatial resolution: 1"• Advanced Stokes Polarimeter• DST, Sac Peak• Footpoints of cool coronal loops
Nagata, Bellot Rubio, & Katsukawa (2006)
Extended SOT#17 meeting, Tokyo, April 2006 Luis R. Bellot Rubio
Asymmetric Stokes profiles
• Spatial resolution: 0.6 arcsec
• Spatial resolution: 0.7"• POlarimetric LIttrow Spectrograph + KAOS• VTT, Observatorio del Teide• Temporal evolution of a bipolar MMF
Fe I 630.15 and 630.25 nm
Cabrera Solana et al. (in preparation)
Extended SOT#17 meeting, Tokyo, April 2006 Luis R. Bellot Rubio
Asymmetric Stokes profiles
• Spatial resolution: 0.4"• KIS/IAA Visible Imaging Polarimeter + TESOS + KAOS• VTT, Observatorio del Teide• Pore near disk center Bellot Rubio et al. (in preparation)
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Extended SOT#17 meeting, Tokyo, April 2006 Luis R. Bellot Rubio
Asymmetric Stokes profiles
• Spatial resolution: 0.2"• TRIPPEL spectrograph + AO• Swedish 1-m Solar Telescope, La Palma• Dark-cored penumbral filaments
Bellot Rubio, Langhans, & Schlichenmaier (2005)
Extended SOT#17 meeting, Tokyo, April 2006 Luis R. Bellot Rubio
• Fe I 630.1 and 630.2 profiles degraded to SP pixel size
ME inversions of asymmetric profiles
MHD simulations (Vögler et al. 2005)
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Extended SOT#17 meeting, Tokyo, April 2006 Luis R. Bellot Rubio
• Fe I 630.1 and 630.2 profiles degraded to SP pixel size
• Maps of inferred B and vLOS very similar to real ones!
ME inversions of asymmetric profiles
MHD simulations (Vögler et al. 2005)
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Extended SOT#17 meeting, Tokyo, April 2006 Luis R. Bellot Rubio
• Asymmetric profiles not well fitted
• ME results are some kind of “average” of physical parameters along the LOS
ME inversions of asymmetric profiles
MHD simulations (Vögler et al. 2005)
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ME inv
ME inv
Stokes V/I
Extended SOT#17 meeting, Tokyo, April 2006 Luis R. Bellot Rubio
The origin of asymmetries
RF of I to vLOS
The area asymmetry can be used to derive the height variation of
atmospheric parameters
Amplitude asymmetry/
Abnormal Stokes profilesDifferent magnetic atmospheres coexisting in resolution element
Area asymmetry Gradients/discontinuities of physical parameters along LOS
RF of I to vLOS
RF of V to B
Cabrera Solana et al. (2005)
Auer & Heasley (1978)
Extended SOT#17 meeting, Tokyo, April 2006 Luis R. Bellot Rubio
Available codes for inversions with gradients
SIR Ruiz Cobo & del Toro Iniesta (1992)
1C & 2C atmospheres, arbitrary stratifications, any photospheric line
SIR/FT Bellot Rubio et al. (1996) Thin flux tube model, arbitrary stratifications, any photospheric line
SIR/NLTE Socas-Navarro et al. (1998) NLTE line transfer, arbitrary stratifications
LILIA Socas-Navarro (2001) 1C atmospheres, arbitrary stratifications
SPINOR Frutiger & Solanki (2001) 1C & 2C atmospheres, arbitrary stratifications, any photospheric line, molecular lines, flux tube model, uncombed model
MISMA IC Sánchez Almeida (1997) MISMA model, arbitrary stratifications, any photospheric line
SIR/GAUS Bellot Rubio (2003) Uncombed penumbral model, arbitrary stratifications
Extended SOT#17 meeting, Tokyo, April 2006 Luis R. Bellot Rubio
• Inversion codes capable of dealing with gradients– Are based on numerical solution of RTE
– Provide reliable thermal information
– Use less free parameters than ME codes (7 vs 8)
– Infer stratifications of physical parameters with depth
– Produce better fits to asymmetric Stokes profiles
• Height dependence of atmospheric parameters is needed for– 180o azimuth disambiguation
– 3D structure of sunspots and pores
– Magnetic flux cancellation events
– Polarity inversion lines
– Dynamical state of coronal loop footpoints
– …..
Accounting for gradients
Extended SOT#17 meeting, Tokyo, April 2006 Luis R. Bellot Rubio
Inversions with gradients
• Spatial resolution 0.5"• Intensity profiles of Fe I 557.6 nm• Inversion: SIR with 7 free parameters • Thermal/kinematic structure of AR 0019
at different heights in the photosphere
Bellot Rubio, Schlichenmaier, & Tritschler (2006)
Extended SOT#17 meeting, Tokyo, April 2006 Luis R. Bellot Rubio
Inversions with gradients
• Spatial resolution: 0.4"• VIP + TESOS + KAOS• Inversion: SIR with 10 free
parameters
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Extended SOT#17 meeting, Tokyo, April 2006 Luis R. Bellot Rubio
Retrieving gradients from SOLAR-B/SP data
How much do gradients cost?
SIR inversion with 10 free parameters
Dual Xeon workstation @ 2.8 GHz
2 spectral lines, 136 wavelengths, 4 Stokes parameters, model atmosphere discretized in 41 grid points
0.7 s per pixel
0.5 s per pixel
SOLIS/VSM 4 x 105 3 hours? 20 $50 000
POLIS 450 10 s 20 $50 000
SOLAR-B/SP 1000 5 s 100 $200 000
Instrument Pixels Time Workstations Cost
Worst-case scenario (real-time inversions)
Extended SOT#17 meeting, Tokyo, April 2006 Luis R. Bellot Rubio
• Paralellization (MPI)– Designed for use with Linux clusters – Speed increases linearly with number of processors– Status: Already available (L.Bellot)
• Porting source code to Fortran 90– More flexibility, efficiency, and speed– Better management of memory allocation and array operations– Keep I/O to a minimum– Status: in progress (B. Ruiz Cobo)
• Use of look-up tables for spectral syntheses– Pe as a function of T and Pg
– Absorption coefficients as functions of T and Pe
– Speed gain: a factor 10-20– Status: Already available (B. Ruiz Cobo)
Optimizations of SIR
Extended SOT#17 meeting, Tokyo, April 2006 Luis R. Bellot Rubio
• Baseline: ME inversions of all SP scans
• Identify – Pixels with bad fits and/or large asymmetries
– Regions where interesting physical processes occur
• Run inversions with gradients on these pixels– Use ME results as initialization
– Not only linear stratifications, but also more complex height dependences will often be needed.
– Two-component model atmospheres may be required
• Critical issues:– Clarify limitations of 6301 and 6302 for quiet Sun magnetic field studies
– Development of efficient visualization tools
Proposed strategy