introducton to water quality in aquaculture unit 4: dissolved oxygen/aeration auburn university...
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INTRODUCTON TO WATER QUALITY IN AQUACULTURE
Unit 4: Dissolved oxygen/aeration
Auburn University
Department of Fisheries and Allied Aquacultures
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Dissolved oxygen
• Aquatic animals require oxygen, just as air breathing animals do.
• The oxygen contained in water is termed “dissolved oxygen”.
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Dissolved Oxygen
Managing the dissolved oxygen content of the water in a culture system is of critical importance both to keep the animals alive and to increase the production capacity of the system.
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Chemical Determination of Dissolved Oxygen
• Accurate
• Water samples can be held for a period of time before measurements
• Time consuming with multiple measurements Dissolved Oxygen Kit
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• Accurate
• Multiple measurements are done quickly
• Need to calibrate meter
Electronic Determination of Dissolved Oxygen
Electronic dissolved oxygen meter
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Factors affecting dissolved oxygen concentrations
• Air-water gas transfer
• Sediment oxygen uptake
• Animal and plant respiration
• Photosynthesis
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Factors that influence the transfer of oxygen:TemperatureElevationSalinityTurbulence
Factors affecting dissolved oxygen concentration
Air-water gas transfer
atmosphere
water
Under
saturated SaturatedSuper
saturated
o2
o2
o2
o2
o2
o2
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Factors affecting dissolved oxygen concentration
Sediment oxygen uptake
atmosphere
waterO2
O2 O2
O2
O2
O2O2
O2
O2
sediment
Bacterial respiration
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Factors affecting dissolved oxygen
concentration
Animal and plant respiration
C6H12O6 + 6O2 6CO2 + 6H2O + heat energy
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6CO2 + 6H2O + light energy C6H12O6 + 6O2
Factors affecting dissolved oxygen
concentration
Photosynthesis
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Daily fluctuation in surface dissolved
oxygen concentration in a fish pond
6 a.m. 6 a.m.midnight6 p.m.noon
0
15
10
5
Dissolved oxygen, mg/L
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Epilimnion
Thermocline
Hypolimnion
High temperature
High dissolved oxygen
Low dissolved oxygen
Low temperature
Stratification and Dissolved Oxygen
• In a pond, distinctive layers of water may form, with different temperature and DO characteristics.
• This phenomenon can have important implications, especially for deeper ponds.
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Management of dissolved oxygen in pondsControl phytoplankton - Chemical
Copper sulfate crystals
Copper liquid
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Management of dissolved oxygen in pondsControl phytoplankton - Biological
Silver Carp
Nile tilapia
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Management of dissolved oxygen in ponds
Aeration
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Failure to maintain good Dissolved Oxygen
Fish Kills
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End of Unit