introduction_to_physics

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INTRODUCTION TO PHYSICS

1. Express the following measurement in the units specified. Write your answer in standard form.

(i) 3.2 km = _________ mm

[2 marks]

(ii) 24 ng = ___________ mg

[2 marks]

(iii) 0.023 cm2

= ____________m2

[2 marks]

(iv) 5 km h-1

= __________ m s-1

[3 marks]

(v) 780 g cm-3

= __________ kg m-3

[3 marks]

2. Table shows the reading of a size of object using three different instrument P, Q and R.

Instrument Size of object / cm

P 0.7

Q 0.71

R 0.721

(a) Based on Table, name the possible instruments forP :_________________________________________Q :_________________________________________

R :_________________________________________ [3 marks]


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(b) One of the three instruments in table is to use measure the external diameter of a test tube. Which of the threeinstruments is most suitable?

_______________________________________________________________________________________[1mark]

(c) Figure show a micrometer screw gauge used to measure the size of an object. Determine the size of the object if the

micrometer has a zero error .Figure (a) shown zero error for micrometer screw gauge.

Figure (a) Figure (b)

[3 marks]

3. Table shown some events involving physical quantities.

Event Description

A To heat the water from 27oC to 80

oC

B To pull a piece of log using a tractor from the forest to the logging camp,

which is 5 km away

C To determine the time taken for a cube of ice to melt.

(a) From table, determine which event involved is a vector quantity.

______________________________________________________________ [1 mark]

(b) Give reason for your answer in (a)

_________________________________________________________________ [1 mark]

(c) What meant by scalar quantity and give one example for scalar quantity.

_________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________ [2 marks]

4. Diagram 1 shows a stopwatch.

Diagram 1

(a) Name the physical quantity measured by the stopwatch.

.. [1 mark]


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(b) State the unit used by this stopwatch.

................................................................................................................ [ 1 mark]

(c) What does the pointer P indicate?

[1 mark]

(d) What is the reading of the stopwatch?

.... [1 mark]

5. Diagram 1.1 shows the initial reading of a stopwatch at the beginning of an experiment. The stopwatch was used to measurethe time for 20 complete oscillations made by a simple pendulum of length, l. Diagram 1.2 shows the reading of the stopwatch at

the end of the experiment.

Diagram 1.1 Diagram 1.2

(a) What is the sensitivity of the stopwatch?[1 mark]

(b) The stopwatch has a zero error as shown in Diagram 1.1. What is the reading of the zero error?. [1 mark]

(c) What is the actual time taken for the pendulum to complete 20 oscillations?[2 marks]

(d) Find the period ofone complete oscillation, T, for this pendulum [2 marks]


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6. Diagram 1.1 shows the reading of a meas

measuring instrument when an object is pl

Diagram 1.1

(a) Name the physics quantity th

(b) Name the type of error produ

...

(c) What is the value of error in

...

(d) What is the actual reading of

...

7. A student used a pair of vernier calliper t

caliper when the jaws are fully closed wh

placed between the jaws.

(a) State the function of P

(b) State the zero error on the vernie

(c) Calculate the thickness of the bloc

ring instrument when there is no object on it. Diag

aced on it.

Diagram 1.2

at can be measured by the measuring instrument in

.

ced in Diagram 1.1

iagram 1.1

he physical quantity measured in Diagram 1.2?

o measure the thickness of a block. Diagram 1(a) sho

ile diagram 1(b) shows the reading when the block is

calliper.

k in cm

ram 1.2 shows the reading of the

Diagram 1.1.

.... [1 mark]

.... [1 mark]

.... [1 mark]

[1 mark]

ws the reading on the vernier

placed between the block is

. [1 mark]

. [1 mark]

[2 marks]


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8. (a) Give three example for each quanti

Derived quantities Sc

(b) Complete the table below with the ba

Base quantity

(c) What meant by;

(i) physical quantity:

(ii) Derived quantity:

(iii) Consistency:

(iv) Accuracy:

(v) Sensitivity:

(d) (i) Standard form is used to

(ii) Prefixes are usually used to

5. Diagram 1.1 shows a micrometer screw

(a) Name the scale at the part of X.

ies

alar quantities Vector quantities

ic physical quantities and their units.

Symbol S.I. Unit Symbol for S.

[5 mar

.................................

auge.

..

I. Unit

s]

..

.

..

[5 marks]

....

......................................[2 marks]

. [1 mark]


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Diagram 1.2 shows the scale of a micromet

the micrometer screw gauge when it is me

(b) Based on Diagram 1.2(i) Give the name of error h

(ii) What is the value of erro

(c) State the thickness of the glass.

(d) Figure shows a vernier calliper to meas

er screw gauge when the anvil and spindle are closed

suring the thickness of a piece of glass.

s shown by micrometer screw gauge.

.

?

re the size of an object. What size of the object if no

. Diagram 1.3 shows the scale of

. [1 mark]

.. [1 mark]

. [1 mark]

zero error.

[3 marks]


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5. Diagram 1.1 shows an electrical measuri

(a) (i) What is the physical qu

..................................

(ii) Name the error found

..................................

(b) Diagram 1.2 shows two instru

X

Y

(i) Which instrument is m

..................................

(ii) State one reason for y

..................................

ng instrument.

Diagram 1.1

antity measured by this instrument?

.....................................................................................

n this instrument.

.....................................................................................

ments, X and Y, that can be used to measure the thic

Diagram 1.2

re suitable to measure the thickness of the wire?

.....................................................................................

ur answer in (b)(i).

.....................................................................................

............................[1 mark]

.............................. [1 mark]

kness of a wire.

.............................. [1 mark]

.............................. [1 mark]


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4. Diagram 1 shows two measurement inst

(a) Name the physical quantity meas

(b) What is the value of the smallest

(c) Which measurement instrument i

rument X and Y.

red by the measurement instrument above.

ivision of measurement instrument Y.

more sensitive?

...[1 mark]

[1 mark]

.. [1 mark]

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