introduction.ppt

*Introduction to biostatisticsLecture planBasicsVariable typesDescriptive statistics:Categorical dataNumerical dataInferential statisticsConfidence intervalsHipotheses testing

*DEFINITIONSSTATISTICS can mean 2 things: - the numbers we get when we measure and count things (data)- a collection of procedures for describing and anlysing data.

BIOSTATISTICS application of statistics in nature sciences, when biomedical and problems are analysed.

*Why do we need statistics?????

*Basic parts of statistics:DescriptiveInferential

*TerminologyPopulationSample

Variables

*Variable typesCategorical (qualitative)

Numerical (quantitative)

Combined

*Categorical dataNominal2 categories>2 categories Ordinal

*Numerical dataContinuousDiscrete

*Description of categorical dataArranging dataFrequencies, tablesVisualization (graphical presentation)

*Frequencies and contingency tablesFrom those who were unsatisfied 4 were males, 6 were females.

TotalMalesFemalesSatisfied4080%1477,8%2681,3%Unsatisfied1020 %422,2%618,7%Total50100%18100%32100%

*Graphical presentation

Chart1

0.475751449

0.5298288179

1993 m.

Lyi struktra Lietuvoje 1993 m.

Sheet1

37095001996 m.37302001993 m.1996 m.

175080047%vyr47%176480048%vyr48%47%

195870053%moter53%196540053%moter53%53%

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Sheet2

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1993 m.


Sheet3

Chart2

0.475751449

0.5298288179

1993 m.


Sheet1

37095001996 m.37302001993 m.1996 m.

175080047%vyr47%176480048%vyr48%47%

195870053%moter53%196540053%moter53%53%

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1993 m.


Sheet3


Chart3

0.4757514490.5298288179

0.47197735540.5280226446

vyr

moter

Lyi struktra Lietuvoje

Sheet1

37095001996 m.37302001993 m.1996 m.

175080047%vyr47%176480048%vyr48%47%

195870053%moter53%196540053%moter53%53%

Sheet1


Sheet2

1993 m.


Sheet3

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Chart4

0.4757514490.5298288179

0.47197735540.5280226446

vyr

moter


Sheet1

37095001996 m.37302001993 m.1996 m.

175080047%vyr47%176480048%vyr48%47%

195870053%moter53%196540053%moter53%53%

Sheet1


Sheet2

1993 m.


Sheet3

vyr

moter



Chart1

0.070.540.470.080.110.170.19

0.010.870.290.090.090.180.16

0.190.540.30.10.060.180.17

0.20.590.970.260.190.410.82

0.171.180.250.050.130.350.19

0.030.640.120.060.230.160.16

0.050.720.330.050.080.10.18

0.110.450.530.040.130.350.53

0.030.720.360.040.110.350.11

0.010.630.380.070.160.280.17

62.51119.3287.311.676.672.4351.9

J01A Tetraciklinai

J01C Penicilinai

J01D Kiti -laktaminiai antibiotikai

J01E Sulfonamidai ir trimetoprimas

J01F Makrolidai, linkozamidai, streptograminai

J01M Chinolonai

J01X Kiti

Sheet1

2003 m.

LigoninNr.SuvartojimasDDD-100Lovadieniaibeta laktaminiai, penicilinaiI k. cefII k. cefIII k. cefAminoglikozidaiMakrolidaiChinolonaiTetraciklinaiAmfenikoliaiImidazoliaiLinkozamidaiGlikopeptidaiNitrofurantoinaiKitiKarbapenemaiFenoksipenSulfon+trimIV k. cefa

Anyki111132.530370555879.31170101273.52466.738.7008.34840000000011132.5

Antakalnio univers.26830.81352386976.52633.382.25287.5700192187300202541.250000006830.8

Bir313430.730.6439298266.71501005000040000000000013430.7

Centro432311.533.49682216788.32416.7544.562.58449018060251765.30204006.727.500032311.5

Druskinink519365.3549395349250.641.3671053694484221.5183.3115000002.55.15165019365.35

Gargd625880.5575.13444216123.9483.32.5155244.235350000301.700175000025880.6

Ignalinos71869464.9288189891.4570590253333.318301170001933.3000000175018694.05

Jonavos821785395584013334.31460272.503446.7157.56994200719001150001260021785

Jonikio918700.745.74092612287.5541.783.41102800579230807.5151.71005000009600018700.8

Jurbarko1017043.935.94742411744.3758253.777.52411.7561.282010005053100504.5150017043.9

Jrinink114417.34.31017262609.4100.736.601641.7290000000000004417.4

Kaiiadori1223165.443.75295113336.11835.314304676.74794101767.3977.3750025000304.7023165.4

Kalvarijos134222.221.6195573912.26.7002307000003.300000004222.2

Kauno 2-oji klinikin1463133.830.120984834769.6534002348879326.72313020174008268.703100501481027.8063133.85

Kauno apskrities1577377.643.617736344438.753089.95552.85946380499.739620880002628007.54850077377.7

Kauno raud. Kry.1613810.918.9728729612511.325079.25280004900068.30000000013810.85

Kazl Rdos172829.810.427246876.258.2500204.7139670.417303.3000009.2538.7502829.85

Kdaini1830521.735.88526620971.1506.778.37.5527064016013200533.3122.207001500062.5030521.6

Klaipdos19113680.541.4274881436301726.7541.72292.525850172507620720006133.340830003.390062510113680.5

Kupikio202334.76.5361631908.3030423.300000000000002334.6

Kurn217266.7527269273468.2373.3003425.2500000000000007266.75

Lazdij2212748.2539.7321328220733.367301833.3010202400556160000032.5012748.1

Marijampols23117704.8100.5117096102209.11402.569063.759106.7760110095001033.3402.50002421050117704.85

Maeiki2423873.532.37385614017.303001405240768240000528000000480.2023873.5

Misionieri2520317.542.5477295705.6191.71009018779500020006.7002.5025000020317.5

Molt26746821.7343973938.2106.3100202003.357.6136000000000007468.4

Pakruojo279687.736269353862350545866.700455000000000009687.7

Panevio2897812.534.6282626698202233.31443122811074.39603118270004618.316.6527.250073.7500097812.5

Plungs292251339.55703316610.21027.35.91253578.312046578116.630080.5000006.25022513.05

Prieni3019852.753.13735715783.563.310701816.63207000650.311005900000019852.7

Raseini3117493.844.9388878955282.538503233.3103410301000065400000720200017493.817439.8

Rokikio3219743.537.85226913622.555067.5252.5646.6560176660001293.3110020075000019743.4

Alytaus Kudirkos335260942.612336441659.73075477.5827.54333.3606880750000000000052609

aki342125443.8485469866.67001501317.53333.3620052000066.6000000021254

alinink3519416.856.53435912859.6353.3003956.6174157400368.300400000550019416.8

Sapiegos3611567.530.1384451362.50133.303633.34779.30385016.600420000837.5011567.5

ilals372105967.6311639903.8803353.7558800371000716.3000100060021058.85

iluts3821186.1545.3468198767.83851.6186.6111.25373.33167.37635000945.3875013007000275021186.15

Skuodo3915915.858.92702311433500002745.81200000370000000015915.8

Taurags402351438.16179512476.8784.6178.54835256.6824.525214001225.6100.370002.88.75023513.45

Teli413282044.27425820128.7611.3215.636.256694.3655.22267405315774000700000782.5032819.85

Ukmergs4324663.9396328118521.5533.3400653066.601182.5008950000000024663.9

Utenos4424158.838.16343915295.5283.330507.56612.5963750088400000075024158.8

Varnos4515836.946.9337637700.9400101018.53005594000733.251.6002503.750015836.95

VGPUL4642492.332.2131775187827633.3270732.561502175523005074.30311.5140020211.25032.5542492.35

Vilkavikio4720293.7538.4528261611928045.524.256201255.75012650157.6010.2500016.4500020293.75

Vilniaus m. univers.4845541.527.4166269212538333.3541.63552113.35438.2230080033.3400095.8150751510073045541.5

Visagino491550145.43415411150.6003132358.302000161306.60001250031.25015500.75

VRM501819876.354259012658.18002316.632030090033.316620000000018198

VULSK5166047.523.228475231106.64187.62926.3241563111132281.4103803096.33163087.51250561.61693.75046601003.566047.5566047.5

iauli54107035.233.332127952101.352164.33820.53009.5231115605.65005.21305413.14772.39.6138.753090041.52235212.50107035.2107035.2

14962622009.854042193879965.263410.320126.816681.25225600.8576941.554385368546.5927.659306.43304.24525.5117001666.62212.755063.8511410.71018.5


Suvartojimas bendras37100/ui lovad

Vidurkis DDD-10039.1

1000-iui gyv/d1.2gyventoj 2003 m. 3454200

2007 m.

DDD


Antakalnio universit16492.412.45231518351216.3425389833.340131536000075003.80006492.4

Druskininku213284.738.3347045761.573.3263.384.81688.30785000185.33.300004172475013284.8

Utenos31810830.55930610628.33627.72030.81739.581.7000000000000018108

Alytaus Kudirkos414768.611.512827343203633.33578.8420016.515001300000000000014768.6

Kauno apskrities566940.746.214490826138.111108371.52605223.333475.32950000.42300046.090066940.7

Kedainiu622456.836.26208013425.31800867.504216.703814000559.3000000150022456.8

Jonavos718957.949.6382508814.916161710311.81493.342243701800002.500037.40018957.9

Marcinkeviciaus821357.523.3916797080.81002575044019203950300003091.70010000000021357.5

Ukmerges925907.536.67085016808.32666.7600512.5200067016501000000000000025907.523507.5

Ignalinos1020621.758.63517216270752256752766.74201900000000000020621.7

Radviliskio1142013.879.55287832674.55296.76.7586.31953.395.42221500480.343.3500060440042013.5

Sakiu1223994.955.14356810183.3333.37505753533.3242010005000166.7033.3000000023994.9

Klaipedos universit1383637.427.8301267475892466.72200257017416.745643302000008275320001760950083637.4

Kupiskio1421866.772.430185137001000006166.7001000000000000021866.7

VGPUL1577223.541.518616023015.918233.31482.5657.52265701510108004257.326.7434.5350012.5148.80137.57077223.5

Birzu161625037.7431227721.71533.350037561000200000000000016250

Varenos1715222.549.83059695952283.252.51452933.32060000000007.50015222.5

Joniskio1816292.235.84550496802161.7330581.53033.314.56500144.719.30000262.10016292.1

Plunges1924636.746.25328915080.2279510141.5382043465810200473000000205024636.7

Pakruojo209063.325.73524445601778.325001600275060000000000009063.3

Mazeikiu212572841.66186316083.30125.51005600422.224001000000000000025731

Prienu2221587.166.83233712245.7071207.51683.319.2352900174.711.7000000021587.1

N. Akmenes2311310.936.4311023456.710757.51700212518002100036.70000000011310.9

Svencioniu2412385.850.6244565633.51586.72.6152433.319481000706.700000050012385.8

Silutes2525941.947.554604116201266.789587.5620021214004500916.7001700000280525941.9

Silales2614820.453.9274956658.46481553.854400708.30006400012025015.846014820.3

Siauliu27124942.844.727923484208.95266.756707577.5168401880.5107000063.331400.1301.31750.500124942.8

Marijampoles2859417.660.598143401291653.32092311.87041.7463.92166228001513.3066.5157006.356.367.5059417.6

Kretingos2919161.8613139013596.220097.53603800220388000000000050019161.7

Rokiskio3020207.454.23727611273.3316.72760832.52233.339275834001076.70250000200020207.5

Kauno 2-oji klinikine31760093919514342116.43866.72802.51945.38463.32431309926000530006560022.5270459.81967.5076009

Vilniaus m universit3283486.452.815825441748.8136821276462.511741342536331760021182024870136208.8251.32355083486.4

Gargzdu3319741.653.137201106002000502012.520000120050001366.7000012.500019741.7

Kelmes3415533.840.3385007410.8100015352116.322309676230000027.500056.20015533.8

Pasvalio3512925.633.33879272101600110652933.3021000753.3821000015012925.6

Zarasu366042.723.1261563521.340302451720486.40000000000006042.7

VULSK37120941.441.729016346945.56306.77501.37588.56062.341814221296005733.33003694.817001238.55218.5010355698120941.4

VULSK centro3845053.558.27799324083.35710.7606.5686507.7236.8344513004435.30760067.500045366.8

Jurbarko3914880.927.1548129555.3885.3106532.517002162053001176.701500000014880.8

Visagino4014024.432.34339810590176.72.59552066.71980300005.500000014024.4

Raseiniu4123224.552.84397615812.7328.51907.55.52028.76881388280752.3019.30060260023224.5

Kalvarijos423693.324.6150233090700083.30450000000000003693.3

Taurages432571746.55529511523.32334.711855244790163134521800647.3146.704100000025717

Vilkaviskio4421169.534.56130914177.71063.3718.5753400102206500000000630021169.5

Kaisiadoriu4515590.736.8423364824.74946.792.5166.52400335487801997.300000000015590.7

Traku4615193.642.9354088480.92483.3506.3274187041.6365116000012.500000015193.6

Kauno raud kryziaus4714464.822.2650247296.72633.313503102098.384680000010002.500014464.8

1422293.21993.13496033758774.21113873.856808.636924.3201983.162473.65991938958216436539.38665654.1138001434.664227237.9918003.5773


Suvartojimas bendras40.6100-ui lovad1419912,5*100/3496033=40,6

Vidurkis DDD-10042.4

1000-iui gyv/d1.15gyventoj 3375600

Ismestos ligonines is 2003 m duomenu bazes

Trak42151464.5389.638870143551.9490206001833.326631.76000227.37.300000300

algirio5231908.652061547528538.7516.7230068548.400001777.8000061200

Zaras5377954.3305.9254852403.45061.585.7570686.7660.20001106.600029500000

2003SuvartojimasDDD-100Lovadieniaibeta laktaminiai, penicilinaiI k. cefII k. cefIII k. cefAminoglikozidaiMakrolidaiChinolonaiTetraciklinaiAmfenikoliaiImidazoliaiLinkozamidaiGlikopeptidaiNitrofurantoinaiKitiKarbapenemaiFenoksipenSulfon+trimIV k. cefaVISO

Bendras suvartojimas14962624382.14042193879965.263410.320126.816681.25225600.8576941.554385368546.5927.659306.43304.24525.5117001666.62212.755063.8511410.71018.5

DDD 100-ui3721.81.60.50.45.61.91.11.70.021.50.080.10.30.040.050.10.30.0237.11

2007SuvartojimasDDD-100Lovadieniaibeta laktaminiai, penicilinaiI k. cefII k. cefIII k. cefAminoglikozidaiMakrolidaiChinolonaiTetraciklinaiAmfenikoliaiImidazoliaiLinkozamidaiGlikopeptidaiNitrofurantoinaiKitiKarbapenemaiFenoksipenSulfon+trimIV k. cefa

Bendras suvartojimas14222931993.13496033758774.21113873.856808.636924.3201983.162473.65991938958216436539.38665654.1138001434.664227237.9918003.5733

DDD 100-ui40.621.73.31.615.81.81.71.10.0610.020.20.40.040.20.20.50.0240.64

beta laktaminiai, penicilinaiI k. cefII k. cefIII k. cefAminoglikozidaiMakrolidaiChinolonaiTetraciklinaiAmfenikoliaiImidazoliaiLinkozamidaiGlikopeptidaiNitrofurantoinaiKitiKarbapenemaiFenoksipenSulfon+trimIV k. cefa

2003879965.263410.320126.816681.25225600.8576941.554385368546.5927.659306.43304.24525.5117001666.62212.755063.8511410.71018.5

2007758774.21113873.856808.636924.3201983.162473.65991938958216436539.38665654.1138001434.664227237.9918003.5733

TetraciklinaiAmfenikoliaiBeta laktaminiai, penicilinaiKiti beta laktaminiaiSulfonamidai+trimetoprimasMakrolidai, linkozamidaiAminoglikozidaiChinolonaiKitiI kartosII kartosIII kartosIV kartosI kartosII kartosIII kartosIV kartos

200368546.5927.6885029.05103449.611410.780245.75225600.854385377198.520031.60.50.40.0220073.31.610.02

2007389582164766012.2214761.718003.563339.6201983.1599195742820073.31.610.02

LovadTetraciklinaiAmfenikoliaiBeta laktaminiai, penicilinaiKiti beta laktaminiaiSulfonamidai+trimetoprimasMakrolidai, linkozamidaiAminoglikozidaiChinolonaiKiti

404219320031.70.0221.92.550.325.61.11.9

349603320071.10.0621.96.10.51.85.81.71.6

LigonineDDDJ01A TetraciklinaiJ01B AmfenikoliaiJ01C -laktaminiai antibiotikai, penicilinaiJ01D Kiti -laktaminiai antibiotikaiJ01E Sulfonamidai ir trimetoprimasJ01F Makrolidai, linkozamidai, streptograminaiJ01G AminoglikozidaiJ01M ChinolonaiJ01X Kiti

112.40.703.53.900.11.62.50.1

238.31.4028.61.21.404.90.20.5

330.50017.912.50000.10

411.5103.45.90001.20

546.20018.11.2023.13.60.20

636.22.3021.64.30.206.80.10.9

749.60.5023.19.501.13.911.40

823.33.307.7102.10.54.34.5

936.61.4023.75.300.92.82.30

1058.60046.32.801.27.90.50

1179.50.3061.911.10.80.33.70.40.9

1255.111.50.423.43.805.68.12.30

1327.80.7015.82.50.30.25.81.41.2

1472.43.3045.43.30020.400

1541.50.6012.411.10.1012.20.84.4

1637.70017.95.6001.400

1749.80031.48.100.79.600

1835.80021.86.800.16.70.10.3

1946.21.9028.35.50.40.87.21.20.9

2025.71.7012.95.800.84.500

2141.61.60260.400.79.13.90

2266.80.9037.92200.15.20.10.5

2336.46.8011.10.306.85.55.80.1

2450.600236.60.289.902.9

2547.50.8021.34.10.53.911.40.74.8

2653.90024.380.22.61602.9

2744.70030.86.700.760.40.1

2860.52.3040.94.10.10.57.22.23.2

29612.5043.32.10.20.712.10.10

3054.20.9030.210.50.51.1623

31391.3021.84.611.24.31.63.1

3252.81.1026.59.91.52.37.42.31.7

3353.11.3028.511005.43.23.7

3440.30.8019.412.100.25.820.1

3533.30018.64.6007.60.52

3623.10013.51.201.96.600

3741.71016.29.43.60.22.14.94.3

3858.20.2030.98.300.38.34.45.8

3927.10.1017.43.600.43.10.42.2

4032.30.1024.42.600.54.800

4152.80.10365.10.61.64.63.21.8

4221.60020.60.5000.630

4346.53.9020.87.303.28.70.61.9

4434.51.14.723.2301.75.500

4536.81.8011.412.300.85.70.10

4642.93.30249.200.15.310

4722.20011.26.600.13.210

62.55.11118.3287.311.676.628972.457.8

Mao suvartojimo


112.40.703.53.900.11.62.50.1

330.50017.912.50000.10

411.5103.45.90001.20

636.22.3021.64.30.206.80.10.9

823.33.307.7102.10.54.34.5

1327.80.7015.82.50.30.25.81.41.2

1835.80021.86.800.16.70.10.3

2025.71.7012.95.800.84.500

2336.46.8011.10.306.85.55.80.1

3533.30018.64.6007.60.52

3623.10013.51.201.96.600

3927.10.1017.43.600.43.10.42.2

4032.30.1024.42.600.54.800

4221.60020.60.5000.630

4434.51.14.723.2301.75.500

4722.20011.26.600.13.210

17.84.7244.665.10.514.762.820.411.3

J01A TetraciklinaiJ01B AmfenikoliaiJ01C -laktaminiai antibiotikai, penicilinaiJ01D Kiti -laktaminiai antibiotikaiJ01E Sulfonamidai ir trimetoprimasJ01F Makrolidai, linkozamidai, streptograminaiJ01G AminoglikozidaiJ01M ChinolonaiJ01X Kiti

vidurkis1.10.315.340.030.93.91.30.7

Vidutinio suvartojimo


238.31.4028.61.21.404.90.20.5

546.20018.11.2023.13.60.20

936.61.4023.75.300.92.82.30

1541.50.6012.411.10.1012.20.84.4

1637.70017.95.6001.400

1946.21.9028.35.50.40.87.21.20.9

2141.61.60260.400.79.13.90

2744.70030.86.700.760.40.1

31391.3021.84.611.24.31.63.1

3440.30.8019.412.100.25.820.1

3741.71016.29.43.60.22.14.94.3

4346.53.9020.87.303.28.70.61.9

4536.81.8011.412.300.85.70.10

4642.93.30249.200.15.310

190299.491.96.531.979.119.215.3


vidurkis1.35021.46.60.52.35.651.41.1

Didelio suvartojimo


749.60.5023.19.501.13.911.40

1058.60046.32.801.27.90.50

1179.50.3061.911.10.80.33.70.40.9

1255.111.50.423.43.805.68.12.30

1472.43.3045.43.30020.400

1749.80031.48.100.79.600

2266.80.9037.92200.15.20.10.5

2450.600236.60.289.902.9

2547.50.8021.34.10.53.911.40.74.8

2653.90024.380.22.61602.9

2860.52.3040.94.10.10.57.22.23.2

29612.5043.32.10.20.712.10.10

3054.20.9030.210.50.51.1623

3252.81.1026.59.91.52.37.42.31.7

3353.11.3028.511005.43.23.7

3858.20.2030.98.300.38.34.45.8

4152.80.10365.10.61.64.63.21.8

25.70.4574.3130.34.630147.132.831.2


vidurkis1.50.0233.87.70.31.88.651.91.8


Mao suvartojimo1.10.315.340.030.93.91.30.7

Vidutinio suvartojimo1.35021.46.60.52.35.651.41.1

Didelio suvartojimo1.50.0233.87.70.31.88.651.91.8

Mazos

LigonineJ01A TetraciklinaiJ01B AmfenikoliaiJ01C -laktaminiai antibiotikai, penicilinaiJ01D Kiti -laktaminiai antibiotikaiJ01E Sulfonamidai ir trimetoprimasJ01F Makrolidai, linkozamidai, streptograminaiJ01G AminoglikozidaiJ01M KvinolonaiJ01X KitiLovu sk

70.5023.19.501.13.911.40104

100046.32.801.27.90.50124

143.3045.43.30020.400100

170031.48.100.79.600113

201.7012.95.800.84.500140

220.9037.92200.15.20.10.595

236.8011.10.306.85.55.80.1114

2400236.60.289.902.9105

260024.380.22.61602.9109

292.5043.32.10.20.712.10.10131

331.3028.511005.43.23.7130

340.8019.412.100.25.820.1129

360013.51.201.96.600118

420020.60.5000.63047

463.30249.200.15.310135

21.10404.7102.50.624.2118.727.110.2

J01A TetraciklinaiJ01B AmfenikoliaiJ01C -laktaminiai antibiotikai, penicilinaiJ01D Kiti -laktaminiai antibiotikaiJ01E Sulfonamidai ir trimetoprimasJ01F Makrolidai, linkozamidai, streptograminaiJ01G AminoglikozidaiJ01M KvinolonaiJ01X Kiti

1.40276.80.041.67.91.80.7

Vidutines


433.9020.87.303.28.70.61.9234

441.14.723.2301.75.500206

451.8011.412.300.85.70.10150

390.1017.43.600.43.10.42.2190

400.1024.42.600.54.800159

410.10365.10.61.64.63.21.8162

350018.64.6007.60.52189

300.9030.210.50.51.1623185

250.8021.34.10.53.911.40.74.8202

180021.86.800.16.70.10.3161

191.9028.35.50.40.87.21.20.9182

160017.95.60014.100152

110.3061.911.10.80.33.70.40.9179

1211.50.423.43.805.68.12.30155

10.703.53.900.11.62.50.1230

21.4028.61.21.404.90.20.5152

24.65.1388.7914.220.1103.714.218.4


1.50.0624.35.70.261.256.50.91.15

Dideles


30017.912.5000.100266

4103.45.90001.20419

50018.11.2023.13.60.20800

62.3021.64.30.206.80.10.9278

83.307.7102.10.54.34.5316

91.4023.75.300.92.82.30235

130.7015.82.50.30.25.81.41.2998

371016.29.43.60.22.14.94.3986

380.2030.98.300.38.34.45.8244

311.3021.84.611.24.31.63.1710

321.1026.59.91.52.37.42.31.7665

270030.86.700.760.40.1907

282.3040.94.10.10.57.22.23.2378

150.6012.411.10.1012.20.84.4756

211.60260.400.79.13.90249

470011.26.600.13.210320

16.80324.993.86.832.379.43129.2


1.05020.35.860.424.961.91.8


Maos1.40276.80.041.67.91.80.7

Vidutins1.50.0624.35.70.261.256.50.91.15

Didels1.05020.35.860.424.961.91.8

J01X KitiJ01M ChinolonaiJ01G AminoglikozidaiJ01F Makrolidai, linkozamidai, streptograminaiJ01E Sulfonamidai ir trimetoprimasJ01D Kiti -laktaminiai antibiotikaiJ01C -laktaminiai antibiotikai, penicilinaiJ01B AmfenikoliaiJ01A Tetraciklinai

Mao suvartojimo0.71.33.90.90.03415.30.31.1

Vidutinio suvartojimo1.11.45.652.30.56.621.401.35

Didelio suvartojimo1.81.98.651.80.37.733.80.021.5

Maos0.71.87.91.60.046.82701.4

Vidutins1.150.96.51.250.265.724.30.061.5

Didels1.81.94.9620.45.8620.301.05

Bendrai57.872.428976.611.6287.31118.35.162.5

BendraiMao suvartojimoVidutinio suvartojimoDidelio suvartojimoMaosVidutinsDidels

J01X Kiti57.80.71.11.80.71.151.8

J01M Chinolonai72.41.31.41.91.80.91.9

J01G Aminoglikozidai2893.95.658.657.96.54.96

J01F Makrolidai, linkozamidai, streptograminai76.60.92.31.81.61.252

J01E Sulfonamidai ir trimetoprimas11.60.030.50.30.040.260.4

J01D Kiti -laktaminiai antibiotikai287.346.67.76.85.75.86

J01C -laktaminiai antibiotikai, penicilinai1119.315.321.433.82724.320.3

J01B Amfenikoliai5.10.300.0200.060

J01A Tetraciklinai62.51.11.351.51.41.51.05

BendraiMao suvartojimoVidutinio suvartojimoDidelio suvartojimoMaosVidutinsDidels

J01A Tetraciklinai62.51.11.351.51.41.51.05

J01B Amfenikoliai5.10.300.0200.060

J01C Penicilinai1119.315.321.433.82724.320.3

J01D Kiti -laktaminiai antibiotikai287.346.67.76.85.75.86

J01E Sulfonamidai ir trimetoprimas11.60.030.50.30.040.260.4

J01F Makrolidai, linkozamidai, streptograminai76.60.92.31.81.61.252

J01G Aminoglikozidai2893.95.658.657.96.54.96

J01M Chinolonai72.41.31.41.91.80.91.9

J01X Kiti57.80.71.11.80.71.151.8

J01X KitiJ01M ChinolonaiJ01F Makrolidai, linkozamidai, streptograminaiJ01E Sulfonamidai ir trimetoprimasJ01D Kiti -laktaminiai antibiotikaiJ01C -laktaminiai antibiotikai, penicilinaiJ01A Tetraciklinai

Kroatija0.190.170.110.080.470.540.07

Danija0.160.180.090.090.290.870.01

vedija0.170.180.060.10.30.540.19

Suomija0.820.410.190.260.970.590.2

Pranczija0.190.350.130.050.251.180.17

Airija0.160.160.230.060.120.640.03

Norvegija0.180.10.080.050.330.720.05

Rusija0.530.350.130.040.530.450.11

Slovakija0.110.350.110.040.360.720.03

Slovenija0.170.280.160.070.380.630.01

Lietuva351.972.476.611.6287.31119.362.5

J01A TetraciklinaiJ01C PenicilinaiJ01D Kiti -laktaminiai antibiotikaiJ01E Sulfonamidai ir trimetoprimasJ01F Makrolidai, linkozamidai, streptograminaiJ01M ChinolonaiJ01X Kiti

Kroatija0.070.540.470.080.110.170.19

Danija0.010.870.290.090.090.180.16

vedija0.190.540.30.10.060.180.17

Suomija0.20.590.970.260.190.410.82

Pranczija0.171.180.250.050.130.350.19

Airija0.030.640.120.060.230.160.16

Norvegija0.050.720.330.050.080.10.18

Rusija0.110.450.530.040.130.350.53

Slovakija0.030.720.360.040.110.350.11

Slovenija0.010.630.380.070.160.280.17

Lietuva62.51119.3287.311.676.672.4351.9

2003200320072007

2003 m.Lig. sk.Gul. TrukmeLig sk.Gul. Trukme

Ligonin

Anyki54756.748278.9Antakalnio universit

Antakalnio univers.52411039406.5Druskininku

Bir61657.192965.7Utenos

Centro132597.3166266.5Alytaus Kudirkos

Druskinink48318.1214196.4Kauno apskrities

Gargd42128.180826.6Kedainiu

Ignalinos35188.174645.1Jonavos

Jonavos7977754848.6Marcinkeviciaus

Jonikio57077.178356.4Ukmerges

Jurbarko56838.334117.5Ignalinos

Jrinink117998.668326Radviliskio

Kaiiadori64928.141496.4Sakiu

Kalvarijos173911.2432266.4Klaipedos universit

Kauno 2-oji klinikin272307.728416.9Kupiskio

Kauno apskrities223557.9266416.7VGPUL

Kauno raud. Kry.86908.353776.4Birzu

Kazl Rdos15951743956.4Varenos

Kdaini108387.851196.4Joniskio

Klaipdos385057.160946.6Plunges

Kupikio4495832077.3Pakruojo

Kurn33258.191376.7Mazeikiu

Lazdij43787.339826.5Prienu

Marijampols140318.343576.2N. Akmenes

Maeiki92417.940206Svencioniu

Misionieri72876.569885.6Silutes

Molt35429.736985.7Silales

Pakruojo35467.6419446.4Siauliu

Panevio348578.1129187.2Marijampoles

Plungs75277.552785.5Kretingos

Prieni52337.160406.1Rokiskio

Raseini56296.9307736Kauno 2-oji klinikine

Rokikio69767.4226247Vilniaus m universit

Alytaus Kudirkos171917.136366.5Gargzdu

aki63907.649346.9Kelmes

alinink51226.751506.7Pasvalio

Sapiegos356010.824346.2Zarasu

ilals46886.6315498.2VULSK

iluts77476114226.8VULSK centro

Skuodo36417.448997.8Jurbarko

Taurags84607.355106.2Visagino

Teli87278.556735.8Raseiniu

Ukmergs89067.111767.1Kalvarijos

Utenos8986792965.7Taurages

Varnos50463376365806.2Vilkaviskio

VGPUL182217.259386.4Kaisiadoriu

Vilkavikio83266.348526.7Traku

Vilniaus m. univers.204898.179437.1Kauno raud kryziaus

Visagino48577459016308.9

VRM423410

VULSK2839110

iauli454637

51982334162.6

I grupII grupIII grupMaosVidutinsDidelsBendrai

Kiti11.62.10.742.52.274.5

Chinolonai1.31.41.91.80.91.972.4

Aminoglikozidai3.95.658.657.96.54.96289

Makrolidai, linkozamidai, streptograminai0.92.31.81.61.25276.6

Kiti -laktaminiai antibiotikai46.67.76.85.75.86287.3

Penicilinai15.321.433.82724.320.31119.3

Tetraciklinai1.11.351.51.41.51.0562.5

MaosVidutinsDidels

Kiti0.742.52.2

Chinolonai1.80.91.9

Aminoglikozidai7.96.54.96

Makrolidai, linkozamidai, streptograminai1.61.252

Kiti -laktaminiai antibiotikai6.85.75.86

Penicilinai2724.320.3

Tetraciklinai1.41.51.05

KitiPenicilinaiMakrolidai, linkozamidaiAminoglikozidaiChinolonaiTetraciklinaiKiti beta laktaminiai

20032.2221.925.61.11.72.6

20072.1621.91.85.81.71.16.1

Sheet1

Tetraciklinai

Amfenikoliai

Beta laktaminiai, penicilinai

Kiti beta laktaminiai

Sulfonamidai+trimetoprimas

Makrolidai, linkozamidai

Aminoglikozidai

Chinolonai

Kiti

VPD 100-ui lovadieni

Sheet2

J01A Tetraciklinai

J01C Penicilinai

J01D Kiti -laktaminiai antibiotikai

J01E Sulfonamidai ir trimetoprimas

J01F Makrolidai, linkozamidai, streptograminai

J01M Chinolonai

J01X Kiti

Sheet3

000

000

000

000

000

000

000

I grup

II grup

III grup


1,0

4,0

000

000

000

000

000

000

000

Maos

Vidutins

Didels


27,0

2,0

0000000

0000000

Kiti

Penicilinai

Makrolidai, linkozamidai

Aminoglikozidai

Chinolonai

Tetraciklinai

Kiti beta laktaminiai

2,0

2003

2007


2003 m.


iauli54107035.233.332127952101.352164.33820.53009.5231115605.65005.21305413.14772.39.6138.753090041.52235212.50107035.2107035.2

Antakalnio univers.26830.81352386976.52633.382.25287.5700192187300202541.250000006830.8

Bir313430.730.6439298266.71501005000040000000000013430.7

Centro432311.533.49682216788.32416.7544.562.58449018060251765.30204006.727.500032311.5

Druskinink519365.3549395349250.641.3671053694484221.5183.3115000002.55.15165019365.35

Gargd625880.5575.13444216123.9483.32.5155244.235350000301.700175000025880.6

Ignalinos71869464.9288189891.4570590253333.318301170001933.3000000175018694.05

Jonavos821785395584013334.31460272.503446.7157.56994200719001150001260021785

Jonikio918700.745.74092612287.5541.783.41102800579230807.5151.71005000009600018700.8

Jurbarko1017043.935.94742411744.3758253.777.52411.7561.282010005053100504.5150017043.9

Taurags402351438.16179512476.8784.6178.54835256.6824.525214001225.6100.370002.88.75023513.45

Kaiiadori1223165.443.75295113336.11835.314304676.74794101767.3977.3750025000304.7023165.4

Kalvarijos134222.221.6195573912.26.7002307000003.300000004222.2

Kauno 2-oji klinikin1463133.830.120984834769.6534002348879326.72313020174008268.703100501481027.8063133.85

Kauno apskrities1577377.643.617736344438.753089.95552.85946380499.739620880002628007.54850077377.7

Kauno raud. Kry.1613810.918.9728729612511.325079.25280004900068.30000000013810.85

VULSK5166047.523.228475231106.64187.62926.3241563111132281.4103803096.33163087.51250561.61693.75046601003.566047.5566047.5

Kdaini1830521.735.88526620971.1506.778.37.5527064016013200533.3122.207001500062.5030521.6

Klaipdos19113680.541.4274881436301726.7541.72292.525850172507620720006133.340830003.390062510113680.5

Kupikio202334.76.5361631908.3030423.300000000000002334.6

Ukmergs4324663.9396328118521.5533.3400653066.601182.5008950000000024663.9

Utenos4424158.838.16343915295.5283.330507.56612.5963750088400000075024158.8

Marijampols23117704.8100.5117096102209.11402.569063.759106.7760110095001033.3402.50002421050117704.85

Maeiki2423873.532.37385614017.303001405240768240000528000000480.2023873.5

Varnos4515836.946.9337637700.9400101018.53005594000733.251.6002503.750015836.95

VGPUL4642492.332.2131775187827633.3270732.561502175523005074.30311.5140020211.25032.5542492.35

Pakruojo279687.736269353862350545866.700455000000000009687.7

Vilkavikio4720293.7538.4528261611928045.524.256201255.75012650157.6010.2500016.4500020293.75

Plungs292251339.55703316610.21027.35.91253578.312046578116.630080.5000006.25022513.05

Prieni3019852.753.13735715783.563.310701816.63207000650.311005900000019852.7

Raseini3117493.844.9388878955282.538503233.3103410301000065400000720200017493.817439.8

Rokikio3219743.537.85226913622.555067.5252.5646.6560176660001293.3110020075000019743.4

Alytaus Kudirkos335260942.612336441659.73075477.5827.54333.3606880750000000000052609

aki342125443.8485469866.67001501317.53333.3620052000066.6000000021254

Vilniaus m. univers.4845541.527.4166269212538333.3541.63552113.35438.2230080033.3400095.8150751510073045541.5

Visagino491550145.43415411150.6003132358.302000161306.60001250031.25015500.75

ilals372105967.6311639903.8803353.7558800371000716.3000100060021058.85

iluts3821186.1545.3468198767.83851.6186.6111.25373.33167.37635000945.3875013007000275021186.15

2007 m.

DDD


Antakalnio universit16492.412.45231518351216.3425389833.340131536000075003.80006492.4

Druskininku213284.738.3347045761.573.3263.384.81688.30785000185.33.300004172475013284.8

Utenos31810830.55930610628.33627.72030.81739.581.7000000000000018108

Alytaus Kudirkos414768.611.512827343203633.33578.8420016.515001300000000000014768.6

Kauno apskrities566940.746.214490826138.111108371.52605223.333475.32950000.42300046.090066940.7

Kedainiu622456.836.26208013425.31800867.504216.703814000559.3000000150022456.8

Jonavos718957.949.6382508814.916161710311.81493.342243701800002.500037.40018957.9

VULSK centro3845053.558.27799324083.35710.7606.5686507.7236.8344513004435.30760067.500045366.8

Ukmerges925907.536.67085016808.32666.7600512.5200067016501000000000000025907.523507.5

Ignalinos1020621.758.63517216270752256752766.74201900000000000020621.7

Jurbarko3914880.927.1548129555.3885.3106532.517002162053001176.701500000014880.8

Sakiu1223994.955.14356810183.3333.37505753533.3242010005000166.7033.3000000023994.9

Klaipedos universit1383637.427.8301267475892466.72200257017416.745643302000008275320001760950083637.4

Kupiskio1421866.772.430185137001000006166.7001000000000000021866.7

VGPUL1577223.541.518616023015.918233.31482.5657.52265701510108004257.326.7434.5350012.5148.80137.57077223.5

Birzu161625037.7431227721.71533.350037561000200000000000016250

Varenos1715222.549.83059695952283.252.51452933.32060000000007.50015222.5

Joniskio1816292.235.84550496802161.7330581.53033.314.56500144.719.30000262.10016292.1

Plunges1924636.746.25328915080.2279510141.5382043465810200473000000205024636.7

Pakruojo209063.325.73524445601778.325001600275060000000000009063.3

Mazeikiu212572841.66186316083.30125.51005600422.224001000000000000025731

Prienu2221587.166.83233712245.7071207.51683.319.2352900174.711.7000000021587.1

Visagino4014024.432.34339810590176.72.59552066.71980300005.500000014024.4

Raseiniu4123224.552.84397615812.7328.51907.55.52028.76881388280752.3019.30060260023224.5

Silutes2525941.947.554604116201266.789587.5620021214004500916.7001700000280525941.9

Silales2614820.453.9274956658.46481553.854400708.30006400012025015.846014820.3

Siauliu27124942.844.727923484208.95266.756707577.5168401880.5107000063.331400.1301.31750.500124942.8

Marijampoles2859417.660.598143401291653.32092311.87041.7463.92166228001513.3066.5157006.356.367.5059417.6

Taurages432571746.55529511523.32334.711855244790163134521800647.3146.704100000025717

Rokiskio3020207.454.23727611273.3316.72760832.52233.339275834001076.70250000200020207.5

Kauno 2-oji klinikine31760093919514342116.43866.72802.51945.38463.32431309926000530006560022.5270459.81967.5076009

Vilniaus m universit3283486.452.815825441748.8136821276462.511741342536331760021182024870136208.8251.32355083486.4

Gargzdu3319741.653.137201106002000502012.520000120050001366.7000012.500019741.7

Vilkaviskio4421169.534.56130914177.71063.3718.5753400102206500000000630021169.5

Kaisiadoriu4515590.736.8423364824.74946.792.5166.52400335487801997.300000000015590.7

Kauno raud kryziaus4714464.822.2650247296.72633.313503102098.384680000010002.500014464.8

VULSK37120941.441.729016346945.56306.77501.37588.56062.341814221296005733.33003694.817001238.55218.5010355698120941.4

2003200320072007

LigoninSuvartojimasDDD-100SuvartojimasDDD-100

iauli1107035.233.3124942.844.7P

Antakalnio univers.26830.8136492.412.4N

Bir313430.730.61625037.7P

Centro432311.533.445053.558.2P

Druskinink519365.354913284.738.3S

Gargd625880.5575.119741.653.1S

Ignalinos71869464.920621.758.6S

Jonavos8217853918957.949.6P

Jonikio918700.745.716292.235.8S

Jurbarko1017043.935.914880.927.1S

Taurags112351438.12571746.5P

Kaiiadori1223165.443.715590.736.8S

Kalvarijos134222.221.63693.324.6N

Kauno 2-oji klinikin1463133.830.17600939P

Kauno apskrities1577377.643.666940.746.2N

Kauno raud. Kry.1613810.918.914464.822.2N

VULSK1766047.523.2120941.441.7P

Kdaini1830521.735.822456.836.2N

Klaipdos19113680.541.483637.427.8S

Kupikio202334.76.521866.772.4P

Ukmergs2124663.93925907.536.6N

Utenos2224158.838.11810830.5S

Marijampols23117704.8100.559417.660.5S

Maeiki2423873.532.32572841.6P

Varnos2515836.946.915222.549.8N

VGPUL2642492.332.277223.541.5P

Pakruojo279687.7369063.325.7S

Vilkavikio2820293.7538.421169.534.5N

Plungs292251339.524636.746.2P

Prieni3019852.753.121587.166.8P

Raseini3117493.844.923224.552.8N

Rokikio3219743.537.820207.454.2P

Alytaus Kudirkos335260942.614768.611.5S

aki342125443.823994.955.1P

Vilniaus m. univers.3545541.527.483486.452.8P

Visagino361550145.414024.432.3S

ilals372105967.614820.453.9S

iluts3821186.1545.325941.947.5N

P15

S13

N10

*Graphical presentationOther: - Maps - Chernoff faces - Star plots, etc.

*Description of numerical data

Arranging dataFrequencies (relative and cumulative), graphical presentationMeasures of central tendency and varianceAssessing normality

*GroupingSorting dataGroups (5-17 gr.) according researchers criteria.

To assess distribution, for graphical presentation in excel

*Frequencies, their comparison and calculation197 students were asked about the amount of money (litas) they had in cash at the moment.

Sheet1

Santykinis danisSukauptasis danisFrequencyCumulative frequency

1-2.8rLt. skaiiusabs.sk.%abs.sk.%number of litasn%n%

-02-2.4j110.510.5VAR00003110.510.5

2-2.4r221.01+2=31.5FrequencyPercentValid PercentCumulative Percent221.01+2=31.5

3-2r342.03+4=73.6Valid110.48076923080.50761421320.5076142132342.03+4=73.6

3-2r484.17+8=157.6220.96153846151.01522842641.5228426396484.17+8=157.6

3-2j5157.615+15=3015.2341.92307692312.03045685283.55329949245157.615+15=3015.2

3-2j62412.230+24=5427.4483.84615384624.06091370567.61421319862412.230+24=5427.4

4-1.6j72914.754+29=8342.15157.21153846157.61421319815.228426395972914.754+29=8342.1

4-1.6r83115.783+31=11457.962411.538461538512.182741116827.411167512783115.783+31=11457.9

4-1.6r92914.7114+29=14372.672913.942307692314.720812182742.131979695492914.7114+29=14372.6

4-1.6j102412.2143+24=16784.883114.903846153815.736040609157.8680203046102412.2143+24=16784.8

4-1.6r11157.6167+15=18292.492913.942307692314.720812182772.588832487311157.6167+15=18292.4

4-1.6j1284.1182+8=19096.4102411.538461538512.182741116884.77157360411284.1182+8=19096.4

4-1.6j1342.0190+4=19498.511157.21153846157.61421319892.3857868021342.0190+4=19498.5

4-1.6r1421.0194+2=19699.51283.84615384624.060913705696.44670050761421.0194+2=19699.5

5-1.2r1510.5196+1=197100.01341.92307692312.030456852898.47715736041510.5196+1=197100.0

5-1.2rI viso197100.01420.96153846151.015228426499.4923857868Total197100.0

5-1.2j1510.48076923080.5076142132100

5-1.2jTotal19794.7115384615100

5-1.2jMissingSystem115.2884615385

5-1.2jTotal208100

5-1.2j

5-1.2j

5-1.2r

5-1.2jEil.Nr.Lt skaiius

5-1.2r11

5-1.2j22

5-1.2r32

5-1.2j43

5-1.2j53

6-0.8j63

6-0.8j73

6-0.8r

6-0.8j19514

6-0.8r19614

6-0.8r19715

6-0.8r

6-0.8j

6-0.8j

6-0.8j

6-0.8r

6-0.8r

6-0.8j

6-0.8r

6-0.8j

6-0.8j

6-0.8r

6-0.8r

6-0.8r

6-0.8j

6-0.8j

6-0.8j

6-0.8j

6-0.8j

7-0.4j

7-0.4r

7-0.4j

7-0.4r

7-0.4j

7-0.4r

7-0.4j

7-0.4j

7-0.4j

7-0.4j

7-0.4r

7-0.4j

7-0.4r

7-0.4r

7-0.4r

7-0.4j

7-0.4j

7-0.4j

7-0.4r

7-0.4r

7-0.4j

7-0.4r

7-0.4j

7-0.4j

7-0.4r

7-0.4r

7-0.4r

7-0.4j

7-0.4j

80j

80j

80j

80j

80r

80j

80r

80j

80r

80j

80j

80j

80j

80r

80j

80r

80r

80r

80j

80j

80j

80r

80r

80j

80r

80j

80j

80r

80r

80r

80j

90.4j

90.4j

90.4j

90.4j

90.4j

90.4r

90.4j

90.4r

90.4j

90.4r

90.4j

90.4j

90.4j

90.4j

90.4r

90.4j

90.4r

90.4r

90.4r

90.4j

90.4j

90.4j

90.4r

90.4r

90.4j

90.4r

90.4j

90.4j

90.4r

100.8r

100.8r

100.8j

100.8j

100.8j

100.8j

100.8j

100.8j

100.8r

100.8j

100.8r

100.8j

100.8r

100.8j

100.8j

100.8j

100.8j

100.8r

100.8j

100.8r

100.8r

100.8r

100.8j

100.8j

111.2j

111.2r

111.2r

111.2j

111.2r

111.2j

111.2j

111.2r

111.2r

111.2r

111.2j

111.2j

111.2j

111.2j

111.2j

121.6j

121.6r

121.6j

121.6r

121.6j

121.6r

121.6j

121.6j

132j

132j

132r

132j

142.4r

142.4r

152.8r

Sheet2

Eil.Nr.Lt. skaiiusz stand.

11-2.8

22-2.4

32-2.4

43-2

53-2

63-2

73-2

84-1.6

94-1.6

190121.6

191132

192132

193132

194132

195142.4

196142.4

197152.8

Sheet3

7Eil.Nr.Lt.skaiius

7.517Q18

827Q311

838IQR3

8481,5xIQR4.5

8583xIQR9

868Q1-1,5IQR3.5

878Q1-3IQR-1

888Q3+1,5IQR15.5

898Q3+3IQR20

8

819014

819115

819216

819317

819418

819519

819622

819725

8

8

8

8

8

8

8

8

8

8

8

8

8

8

9

9

9

9

9

9

9

9

9

9

9

9

9

9

9

9

9

9

9

9

9

9

9

9

9

9

9

9

9

10

10

10

10

10

10

10

10

10

10

10

10

10

10

10

10

10

10

10

10

10

10

10

10

11

11

11

11

11

11

11

11

11

11

11

11

11

11

11

12

12

12

12

12

12

12

12

13

13

13

13

14

14

15

16

17

18

19

22

25

Sheet5

gyv. Kokyblit sk.kraujospdisxyzgyv. Kokyblit sk.kraujospdis

15151204111.001.000.80

24101157110.800.670.77

33213011110.600.130.87

41115014110.200.071.00

I visovyraimoterys

Labai nepatenkinti18%15%10%

nepatenkinti30%20%10%

neutralu25%45%20%

patenkinti17%10%30%

labai patenkinti10%10%30%

Sheet5

Sheet4

gyv. Kokyb

kraujospdis

eil.nr.gyv.kokyb

111-2.8rm

222-2.4jv

332-2.4rv

423-2rm

543-2rm

663-2jm

773-2jm

844-1.6jm

954-1.6rm

1064-1.6rm

1134-1.6jv

1244-1.6rv

1354-1.6jm

1424-1.6jm

1564-1.6rm

1655-1.2rv

1775-1.2rv

1835-1.2jv

1955-1.2jm

2025-1.2jv

2115-1.2jm

2265-1.2jm

2375-1.2jm

2445-1.2rm

2555-1.2jv

2645-1.2rm

2755-1.2jm

2865-1.2rm

2975-1.2jv

3055-1.2jv

3156-0.8jm

3216-0.8jv

3326-0.8rv

3436-0.8jm

3526-0.8rm

3646-0.8rm

3766-0.8rm

3876-0.8jm

3946-0.8jm

4056-0.8jm

4166-0.8rv

4236-0.8rv

4346-0.8jm

4456-0.8rm

4526-0.8jm

4666-0.8jv

4756-0.8rv

4876-0.8rv

4936-0.8rm

5056-0.8jv

5126-0.8jm

5216-0.8jm

5366-0.8jm

5476-0.8jm

5547-0.4jv

5657-0.4rm

5747-0.4jm

5857-0.4rm

5967-0.4jv

6077-0.4rv

6157-0.4jm

6257-0.4jv

6317-0.4jv

6427-0.4jm

6537-0.4rm

6627-0.4jm

6747-0.4rm

6867-0.4rm

6977-0.4rm

7047-0.4jm

7157-0.4jv

7267-0.4jv

7337-0.4rm

7447-0.4rm

7557-0.4jm

7627-0.4rv

7767-0.4jv

7857-0.4jv

7977-0.4rm

8037-0.4rv

8157-0.4rm

8227-0.4jm

8317-0.4jm

84680jm

85780jv

86480jm

87580jm

88480rm

89580jv

90680rv

91780jm

92580rv

93580jv

94180jm

95280jm

96380jm

97280rm

98480jm

99680rm

100780rm

101480rv

102580jv

103680jm

104380jm

105480rm

106580rv

107280jv

108680rv

109580jm

110780jv

111380rm

112580rm

113280rm

114180jm

115690.4jv

116790.4jm

117490.4jm

118590.4jm

119490.4jv

120590.4rv

121690.4jm

122790.4rv

123590.4jv

124590.4rm

125190.4jm

126290.4jm

127390.4jm

128290.4jm

129490.4rm

130690.4jm

131790.4rv

132490.4rv

133590.4rm

134690.4jm

135390.4jm

136490.4jv

137590.4rv

138290.4rv

139690.4jm

140590.4rv

141790.4jm

142390.4jm

143590.4rm

1442100.8rm

1451100.8rv

1466100.8jm

1477100.8jm

1484100.8jm

1495100.8jv

1504100.8jv

1515100.8jv

1526100.8rv

1537100.8jv

1545100.8rv

1555100.8jm

1561100.8rv

1572100.8jv

1583100.8jm

1592100.8jm

1604100.8jv

1616100.8rv

1627100.8jv

1634100.8rv

1645100.8rv

1656100.8rm

1663100.8jv

1674100.8jm

1685111.2jv

1692111.2rm

1706111.2rm

1715111.2jv

1727111.2rv

1733111.2jv

1745111.2jv

1752111.2rv

1761111.2rv

1776111.2rv

1787111.2jv

1794111.2jv

1805111.2jv

1814111.2jm

1825111.2jv

1836121.6jm

1847121.6rv

1855121.6jm

1865121.6rm

1876121.6jv

1887121.6rv

1894121.6jv

1905121.6jv

1914132jv

1925132jv

1936132rv

1947132jv

1955142.4rv

1965142.4rv

1977152.8rm

*Gaphical presentation of frequencies

*Normal distributionsMost of them around centerLess above and lower central values, approximately the same proportionsMost often Gaussian distribution

*Not normal distributionsMore observations in one part.

*Asymmetrical distribution

*How would you describe/present your respondents if the data are numeric?2 groups of measures:Central tendency (central value, average)Variance

*MEASURES OF CENTRAL TENDENCYMeans/averages (arithmetic, geometric, harmonic, etc.)ModeMedianQuartiles

*MEASURES OF CENTRAL TENDENCYArithmetic mean (X, )

*MEASURES OF CENTRAL TENDENCYMedian (Me) the middle value or 50th procentile (the value of the observation, that divides the sorted data in almost equal parts).It is found this way

When n odd: median is the middle observationWhen n even: median is the average of values of two middle observations

*MEASURES OF CENTRAL TENDENCYMode (Mo) the most common valuesCan be more than one mode

*MEASURES OF CENTRAL TENDENCYQuartiles (Q1, Q2, Q3, Q4) sample size is divided into 4 equal parts getting 25% of observations in each of them.

*Is it enough measure of central tendency to describe respondents?

*MEASURES OF VARIANCEMin and maxRange Standard deviation sqrt of variance (SD)Variance - V= (xi - x)2/n-1Interquartile range (Q3-Q1 or 75%-25%) IQRT

*What measures are to be used for sample description?If distribution is NORMALMeanVariance (or standard deviation)

If distribution is NOT NORMALMedianIQRT or min/maxThose measures are used also with numeric ordinal data

*X, Mo, MeMean~Median~Mode,SD ir empyric rule

*EMPYRICAL RULENumber of observations (%) 1, 2 ir 2.5 SD from mean if distribution is normal

*ExampleX-2SD+2SDX=8SD=2,5

*Normality assessmentSummaryGraphicalComparison of measures of central tendency; empyrical rule (mean and standard deviation)Skewness and kurtosis (if Gaussian =0)Kolmogorov-Smirnov test

MedianMean( *)75th Procentile25th Procentile75th Procentile25th Procentile OutliersBoxplot

Boxplot example

Central limit theorem

*Inferential statisticsConfidence intervalsHipotheses testing

*Confidence intervalsInterval where the true value most likely could occur.

*The variance of samples and their measures, , p0X1, SD1; p1X2, SD2; p2X3, SD3; p3X4; SD4; p4X

*The variance of samples and confidence intervals, p0

*Confidence intervalStatistical definition:If the study was carried out 100 times, 100 results ir 100 CI were got, 95 times of 100 the true value will be in that interval. But it will not appear in that interval 5 times of 100.

*Confidence intervals(general, most common calculation)

95% CI : X 1.96 SE Xmin; XmaxNote: for normal distribution, when n is large

95% CI : p 1.96 SEpmin ; pmax Note: when p ir 1-p > 5/n

*Standard error (SE)

Numeric data(X )Categorical data(p)

*Width of confidence inervaldepends on:Sample size;Confidence level (guaranty - usually 95%, but available any %);dispersion.

*Hipotheses testingH0: 1=2; p1=p2; (RR=1, OR=1, difference=0)

HA: 12; p1p2 (two sided, one sided)

*Significance level (agreed 0.05).

Test for P value (t-test, 2 , etc.).

P value is the probability to get the difference (association), if the null hypothesis is true.

OR P value is the probability to get the difference (association) due to chance alone, when the null hypothesis is true.Hipotheses testing

*Statistical agreementsIf P

*TestsTest depends onStudy design,Variable typedistribution,Number of groups, etc.

Tests (probability distributions):z testt test (one sample, two independent, paired)2 (+ trend)F test Fisher exact test Mann-WhitneyWilcoxon and others.

*P value tells, if there is statistically significant difference (association).

CI gives interval where true value can be.Inferential statisticsSummary

*Inferential statisticsSummaryNeither P value, nor CI give other explanations of the result (bias and confounding).

Neither P value, nor CI tell anything about the biological, clinical or public health meaning of the results.

********Taiau negalima atmesti atsitiktinumo, nesvarbu kokia maa bebt P reikm. Ir atvirkiai negalima beslygikai teigti, jog rezultatas gautas dl atsitiktinumo, nesvarbu kokia didel bebt P reikm.

introduction.ppt

Documents

moter53 struktra lietuvoje

graphical presentationchart10

graphical presentationchart40

graphical presentationchart30

basic parts of statistics

count things data

lovadieniaibeta laktaminiai

anlysing data