introduction to the mole and molar mass
DESCRIPTION
Introduction to the Mole and Molar Mass. Purpose. At the completion of this unit students will Have a conceptual understanding of the mole as the method of “counting” items and finding the mass of items that can’t be seen. - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
![Page 1: Introduction to the Mole and Molar Mass](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022061510/568133f7550346895d9aea45/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Introduction to the Mole and Molar
Mass
![Page 2: Introduction to the Mole and Molar Mass](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022061510/568133f7550346895d9aea45/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
PurposeAt the completion of this unit students will• Have a conceptual understanding of the mole as the
method of “counting” items and finding the mass of items that can’t be seen.
• Be able to calculate the number of items (molecules, atoms, ions, and formula units) if given the number of moles.
• Be able to calculate the number of moles if given the number of items.
• Be able to calculate the mass of a sample if given the number of moles in a sample.
• Be able to calculate the number of moles in a sample if given the mass of a sample.
• Be able to prepare a sample containing a given number of moles.
• Be able to determine the molar mass of a compound.
![Page 3: Introduction to the Mole and Molar Mass](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022061510/568133f7550346895d9aea45/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
Background
• When you buy eggs you usually ask for a _______ eggs.
• You know that one dozen of any item is ______.
Dozen
12
![Page 4: Introduction to the Mole and Molar Mass](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022061510/568133f7550346895d9aea45/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
Paper
• Paper is packaged by a ream.
• A ream of paper has 500 sheets.
• Why is it useful to use units like a dozen or a ream?
![Page 5: Introduction to the Mole and Molar Mass](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022061510/568133f7550346895d9aea45/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
• What determines how many items should make up a particular unit?
![Page 6: Introduction to the Mole and Molar Mass](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022061510/568133f7550346895d9aea45/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
• If you were asked to design a new unit to count something, what would you consider when choosing how many items should be included in your new counting unit?
![Page 7: Introduction to the Mole and Molar Mass](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022061510/568133f7550346895d9aea45/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
ANALYSIS AND INTERPRETATION• As you know, a dozen represents 12 items. • What if I decided to make a new counting
unit? I called this unit a DART. Each dart is
• _____ items.
1 Dart = 4 items, just like1 Dozen = 12 items
4
![Page 8: Introduction to the Mole and Molar Mass](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022061510/568133f7550346895d9aea45/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
1. A DART of oranges will have _____ oranges.4
![Page 9: Introduction to the Mole and Molar Mass](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022061510/568133f7550346895d9aea45/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
2. A DART of pretzels has ____ pretzels. 4
![Page 10: Introduction to the Mole and Molar Mass](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022061510/568133f7550346895d9aea45/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
3. A DART of molecules of water has ____ molecules of water.
4
![Page 11: Introduction to the Mole and Molar Mass](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022061510/568133f7550346895d9aea45/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
4. A DART of particles has ___ particles.4
![Page 12: Introduction to the Mole and Molar Mass](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022061510/568133f7550346895d9aea45/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
5. A DART of atoms of iron has _____ atoms of iron.
4
26Fe
55.85
![Page 13: Introduction to the Mole and Molar Mass](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022061510/568133f7550346895d9aea45/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
6. A DART of formula units of salt has _______ formula units of salt.
4
![Page 14: Introduction to the Mole and Molar Mass](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022061510/568133f7550346895d9aea45/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
7. How many Hershey’s Kisses are in 2 DARTS? _______8
![Page 15: Introduction to the Mole and Molar Mass](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022061510/568133f7550346895d9aea45/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
8. How many caramels are in 10 DARTS? _______40
![Page 16: Introduction to the Mole and Molar Mass](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022061510/568133f7550346895d9aea45/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
9. How many Dum Dum Pops are in 400 DARTS? _______1600
![Page 17: Introduction to the Mole and Molar Mass](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022061510/568133f7550346895d9aea45/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
10. How many Starbursts are in 1/2 DART? _____2
![Page 18: Introduction to the Mole and Molar Mass](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022061510/568133f7550346895d9aea45/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
15. How many atoms of silver are in 20 DARTS? _______80
47Ag
107.9
![Page 19: Introduction to the Mole and Molar Mass](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022061510/568133f7550346895d9aea45/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
Write the directions for finding the number of items if given the number of DARTS
![Page 20: Introduction to the Mole and Molar Mass](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022061510/568133f7550346895d9aea45/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
17. How many DARTS are 16 Hershey’s Kisses? ______4
![Page 21: Introduction to the Mole and Molar Mass](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022061510/568133f7550346895d9aea45/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
18. How many DARTS are 100 pretzels? ____25
![Page 22: Introduction to the Mole and Molar Mass](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022061510/568133f7550346895d9aea45/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
19. How many DARTS are 400 Starbursts? ____100
![Page 23: Introduction to the Mole and Molar Mass](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022061510/568133f7550346895d9aea45/html5/thumbnails/23.jpg)
20. How many DARTS is 1 orange? ________
(Write a fraction or a decimal.)
¼ 0.25
![Page 24: Introduction to the Mole and Molar Mass](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022061510/568133f7550346895d9aea45/html5/thumbnails/24.jpg)
21. How many DARTS are 2 caramels? _____0.5
![Page 25: Introduction to the Mole and Molar Mass](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022061510/568133f7550346895d9aea45/html5/thumbnails/25.jpg)
23. How many DARTS are 48 Hershey’s Kisses? ____12
![Page 26: Introduction to the Mole and Molar Mass](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022061510/568133f7550346895d9aea45/html5/thumbnails/26.jpg)
25. How many DARTS are 24 Jolly Ranchers? ______6
![Page 27: Introduction to the Mole and Molar Mass](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022061510/568133f7550346895d9aea45/html5/thumbnails/27.jpg)
27. How many DARTS are 20 caramels? ______5
![Page 28: Introduction to the Mole and Molar Mass](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022061510/568133f7550346895d9aea45/html5/thumbnails/28.jpg)
Write your own directions for finding the number of DARTS given the number of pieces
![Page 29: Introduction to the Mole and Molar Mass](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022061510/568133f7550346895d9aea45/html5/thumbnails/29.jpg)
DARTS• DART of molecules of water
would be too small to see.
• Scientists had to select a bigger unit for counting molecules of substances.
• The unit scientists use is called a MOLE.
![Page 30: Introduction to the Mole and Molar Mass](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022061510/568133f7550346895d9aea45/html5/thumbnails/30.jpg)
One MOLE of anything has 602,200,000,000,000,000,000,000 items.
![Page 31: Introduction to the Mole and Molar Mass](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022061510/568133f7550346895d9aea45/html5/thumbnails/31.jpg)
AVOGADRO’S NUMBER
•6.02 x 1023 • One MOLE of anything
has 6.02 x 1023 items.
![Page 32: Introduction to the Mole and Molar Mass](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022061510/568133f7550346895d9aea45/html5/thumbnails/32.jpg)
A. What is the Mole?• A counting number (like a dozen)
• Avogadro’s number (NA)
• 1 mol = 6.02 1023 items
A large amount!!!!
![Page 33: Introduction to the Mole and Molar Mass](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022061510/568133f7550346895d9aea45/html5/thumbnails/33.jpg)
1 mole of hockey pucks would equal the mass of the moon!
A. What is the Mole?
• 1 mole of pennies would cover the Earth 1/4 mile deep!
1 mole of basketballs would fill a bag the size of the earth!
![Page 34: Introduction to the Mole and Molar Mass](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022061510/568133f7550346895d9aea45/html5/thumbnails/34.jpg)
28. How many Hershey’s Kisses make up 1 MOLE? 6.02 x 1023
![Page 35: Introduction to the Mole and Molar Mass](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022061510/568133f7550346895d9aea45/html5/thumbnails/35.jpg)
A mole of Caramels is _____ caramels.6.02 x 1023
![Page 36: Introduction to the Mole and Molar Mass](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022061510/568133f7550346895d9aea45/html5/thumbnails/36.jpg)
A mole of Jolly Ranchers is ______Jolly Ranchers
6.02 x 1023
![Page 37: Introduction to the Mole and Molar Mass](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022061510/568133f7550346895d9aea45/html5/thumbnails/37.jpg)
A mole of silver atoms is _______ atoms of silver.
47Ag
107.9
6.02 x 1023
![Page 38: Introduction to the Mole and Molar Mass](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022061510/568133f7550346895d9aea45/html5/thumbnails/38.jpg)
29. How many caramels make up 10 MOLES?
10 [6.02 x 1023]
60.2 x 1023
Which is
6.02 x 1024
![Page 39: Introduction to the Mole and Molar Mass](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022061510/568133f7550346895d9aea45/html5/thumbnails/39.jpg)
30. Find the number of Jolly Ranchers in 4 MOLES.
4 [6.02 x 1023] =
2.408 x 1024
![Page 40: Introduction to the Mole and Molar Mass](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022061510/568133f7550346895d9aea45/html5/thumbnails/40.jpg)
31. Find the number of atoms of sodium in 2 MOLES.
2[6.02 x 1023]=
1.20 x 1024
11Na
22.99
![Page 41: Introduction to the Mole and Molar Mass](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022061510/568133f7550346895d9aea45/html5/thumbnails/41.jpg)
32. Find the number of molecules of water in 6 MOLES.
6[6.02 x 1023]=
3.61 x 1024
![Page 42: Introduction to the Mole and Molar Mass](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022061510/568133f7550346895d9aea45/html5/thumbnails/42.jpg)
33. Find the number of caramels in 0.5 MOLES.
.5[6.02 x 1023 ]=
3.011 x 1023
![Page 43: Introduction to the Mole and Molar Mass](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022061510/568133f7550346895d9aea45/html5/thumbnails/43.jpg)
34. How many moles of caramels is 6.02x1023 of caramels? ___1
![Page 44: Introduction to the Mole and Molar Mass](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022061510/568133f7550346895d9aea45/html5/thumbnails/44.jpg)
35. How many moles of Starbursts is 6.02x1023 of Starbursts? ___1
![Page 45: Introduction to the Mole and Molar Mass](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022061510/568133f7550346895d9aea45/html5/thumbnails/45.jpg)
36. How many moles of Gobstoppers is 12.04x1023 of Gobstoppers? ___2
12.04 x 1023 = 26.022 x 1023
![Page 46: Introduction to the Mole and Molar Mass](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022061510/568133f7550346895d9aea45/html5/thumbnails/46.jpg)
37. How many atoms of potassium make up one MOLE? 6.02 x 1023
19K
39.10
![Page 47: Introduction to the Mole and Molar Mass](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022061510/568133f7550346895d9aea45/html5/thumbnails/47.jpg)
38. How many atoms of potassium make up 2 MOLES?
2[6.02 x 1023 ]
12.044 x 1023
1.20 x 1024
19K
39.10
![Page 48: Introduction to the Mole and Molar Mass](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022061510/568133f7550346895d9aea45/html5/thumbnails/48.jpg)
39. How many molecules of water make up 1 MOLE?
6.02 x 1023
![Page 49: Introduction to the Mole and Molar Mass](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022061510/568133f7550346895d9aea45/html5/thumbnails/49.jpg)
40. How many molecules of water make up 5 MOLES?
5[6.02 x 1023 ]=
3.01 x 1024
![Page 50: Introduction to the Mole and Molar Mass](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022061510/568133f7550346895d9aea45/html5/thumbnails/50.jpg)
41. How many moles are 6.022 x 1023 atoms of sodium? _____1
![Page 51: Introduction to the Mole and Molar Mass](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022061510/568133f7550346895d9aea45/html5/thumbnails/51.jpg)
42. How many moles are 12.04 x 1023 atoms of carbon? _____2
12.04 x 1023 = 26.022 x 1023
![Page 52: Introduction to the Mole and Molar Mass](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022061510/568133f7550346895d9aea45/html5/thumbnails/52.jpg)
43. How many moles are 18.06 x 1023 atoms of sodium? _____3
18.06 x 1023 = 36.022 x 1023
![Page 53: Introduction to the Mole and Molar Mass](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022061510/568133f7550346895d9aea45/html5/thumbnails/53.jpg)
44. How many moles are 60.22 x 1023 atoms of sodium? _____10
60.22 x 1023 = 106.022 x 1023
![Page 54: Introduction to the Mole and Molar Mass](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022061510/568133f7550346895d9aea45/html5/thumbnails/54.jpg)
45. How many moles are 6.02 x 1023 molecules of water? _____1
![Page 55: Introduction to the Mole and Molar Mass](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022061510/568133f7550346895d9aea45/html5/thumbnails/55.jpg)
46. How many moles are 12.04 x 1023 molecules of water? _____2
12.04 x 1023 = 26.022 x 1023
![Page 56: Introduction to the Mole and Molar Mass](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022061510/568133f7550346895d9aea45/html5/thumbnails/56.jpg)
47. How many moles are 30.10 x 1023 molecules of water? _____5
30.10 x 1023 = 56.022 x 1023
![Page 57: Introduction to the Mole and Molar Mass](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022061510/568133f7550346895d9aea45/html5/thumbnails/57.jpg)
Part 2
![Page 58: Introduction to the Mole and Molar Mass](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022061510/568133f7550346895d9aea45/html5/thumbnails/58.jpg)
Molar Mass
• Scientists use the Periodic Table to determine the mass of a mole of atom of an element.
• For example, a mole of carbon (C) atoms would have a mass of 12.01g.
![Page 59: Introduction to the Mole and Molar Mass](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022061510/568133f7550346895d9aea45/html5/thumbnails/59.jpg)
Periodic Table
![Page 60: Introduction to the Mole and Molar Mass](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022061510/568133f7550346895d9aea45/html5/thumbnails/60.jpg)
1 mole carbon atoms = __________ atoms = __________ g..
6C
12.01
12.01
6.02 x 1023
![Page 61: Introduction to the Mole and Molar Mass](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022061510/568133f7550346895d9aea45/html5/thumbnails/61.jpg)
1 mole helium atoms = __________ atoms = _______ g..
2He
4.00
4.00
6.02 x 1023
![Page 62: Introduction to the Mole and Molar Mass](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022061510/568133f7550346895d9aea45/html5/thumbnails/62.jpg)
1 mole iron atoms = __________ atoms = _______ g..
26Fe
55.85
55.85
6.02 x 1023
![Page 63: Introduction to the Mole and Molar Mass](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022061510/568133f7550346895d9aea45/html5/thumbnails/63.jpg)
1 mole boron atoms = __________ atoms = _______ g..
5B
10.81
10.81
6.02 x 1023
![Page 64: Introduction to the Mole and Molar Mass](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022061510/568133f7550346895d9aea45/html5/thumbnails/64.jpg)
1 mole He atoms is 4.00 g, so
2 mole He atoms = ______ g.
2He
4.00
8.00
![Page 65: Introduction to the Mole and Molar Mass](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022061510/568133f7550346895d9aea45/html5/thumbnails/65.jpg)
1 mole Fe atoms is 55.85 g, so
0.5 mole Fe atoms = ______ g.
26Fe
55.85
27.93
![Page 66: Introduction to the Mole and Molar Mass](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022061510/568133f7550346895d9aea45/html5/thumbnails/66.jpg)
1 mole C atoms is 12.01 g, so
12 mole C atoms = ______ g
6C
12.01
144.12
![Page 67: Introduction to the Mole and Molar Mass](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022061510/568133f7550346895d9aea45/html5/thumbnails/67.jpg)
1 mole B atoms is 10.81 g, so
3 mole B atoms = ______ g
5B
10.81
32.43
![Page 68: Introduction to the Mole and Molar Mass](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022061510/568133f7550346895d9aea45/html5/thumbnails/68.jpg)
120.1 g C atoms = ______ mol
6C
12.01
10
120.1 ÷ 12.01 = 10
![Page 69: Introduction to the Mole and Molar Mass](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022061510/568133f7550346895d9aea45/html5/thumbnails/69.jpg)
8.00 g He atoms = ______ mol
2He
4.00
2
8.00 ÷ 4.00 = 2
![Page 70: Introduction to the Mole and Molar Mass](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022061510/568133f7550346895d9aea45/html5/thumbnails/70.jpg)
167.55 g Fe atoms = ______ mol
26Fe
55.85
3
167.55 ÷ 55.85 = 3
![Page 71: Introduction to the Mole and Molar Mass](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022061510/568133f7550346895d9aea45/html5/thumbnails/71.jpg)
5.405 g B atoms = ______ mol
5B
10.81
0.5
5.405 ÷ 10.81 = 0.5
![Page 72: Introduction to the Mole and Molar Mass](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022061510/568133f7550346895d9aea45/html5/thumbnails/72.jpg)
![Page 73: Introduction to the Mole and Molar Mass](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022061510/568133f7550346895d9aea45/html5/thumbnails/73.jpg)
66. The mass of 1 mole of Nickel (Ni) is ____ g.
28Ni
58.69
58.69
![Page 74: Introduction to the Mole and Molar Mass](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022061510/568133f7550346895d9aea45/html5/thumbnails/74.jpg)
67. The mass of 4 moles of Strontium (Sr) is _____g.
38Sr
87.62
350.48
![Page 75: Introduction to the Mole and Molar Mass](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022061510/568133f7550346895d9aea45/html5/thumbnails/75.jpg)
68. The mass of 0.5 moles of Lead (Pb) is ____ g.
82Pb
207.2
103.6
![Page 76: Introduction to the Mole and Molar Mass](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022061510/568133f7550346895d9aea45/html5/thumbnails/76.jpg)
69. The mass of 100 moles of (Ni) is _____ g.
28Ni
58.69
5869.00
![Page 77: Introduction to the Mole and Molar Mass](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022061510/568133f7550346895d9aea45/html5/thumbnails/77.jpg)
Molar Mass
• Scientists also use the Periodic Table to determine the molar mass (formula weight) of compounds.
• The molar mass of the compound is the sum of the molar masses of the elements that make up the compound.
![Page 78: Introduction to the Mole and Molar Mass](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022061510/568133f7550346895d9aea45/html5/thumbnails/78.jpg)
Potassium Chloride
• The molar mass of Potassium Chloride is:
Potassium (K) 39.10 g/mole
Chloride (Cl) +34.45 g/mole
73.55 g/mole
![Page 79: Introduction to the Mole and Molar Mass](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022061510/568133f7550346895d9aea45/html5/thumbnails/79.jpg)
Potassium Permanganate
• The molar mass of KMnO4 is the sum of all the molar masses times the number of atoms of each element for the molecule (subscript).
![Page 80: Introduction to the Mole and Molar Mass](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022061510/568133f7550346895d9aea45/html5/thumbnails/80.jpg)
Potassium Permanganate KMnO4
• Potassium (K) 39.10 g/mole
• Manganese (Mn) 54.94g/mole
• Oxygen (O) 4[16.00 g/mole] 158.04 g/mole.
![Page 81: Introduction to the Mole and Molar Mass](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022061510/568133f7550346895d9aea45/html5/thumbnails/81.jpg)
70. The molar mass of 1 mole of Sodium Chloride (NaCl) is____ g.58.44
![Page 82: Introduction to the Mole and Molar Mass](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022061510/568133f7550346895d9aea45/html5/thumbnails/82.jpg)
71. The molar mass of 1 mole of Lead Iodide (PbI2) is _____ g.461.0
![Page 83: Introduction to the Mole and Molar Mass](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022061510/568133f7550346895d9aea45/html5/thumbnails/83.jpg)
72. The mass of 100 moles of Nickel Sulfide (NiS) is ________ g.9076.00
![Page 84: Introduction to the Mole and Molar Mass](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022061510/568133f7550346895d9aea45/html5/thumbnails/84.jpg)
73. The mass of 1 mole of is Glucose (C6H12O6) is ______ g.180.156
![Page 85: Introduction to the Mole and Molar Mass](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022061510/568133f7550346895d9aea45/html5/thumbnails/85.jpg)
74. The mass of 1 mole of is Sucrose (C12H24O12 ) _______ g.306.31
![Page 86: Introduction to the Mole and Molar Mass](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022061510/568133f7550346895d9aea45/html5/thumbnails/86.jpg)
75. The mass of 4 moles of Glucose (C6H12 O6) is _________ g.720.624
![Page 87: Introduction to the Mole and Molar Mass](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022061510/568133f7550346895d9aea45/html5/thumbnails/87.jpg)
Mole Conversions
• In chemistry, the mole is the standard measurement of amount.
• However, balances DO NOT give readings in moles. Balances give readings in grams.
• So the problem is that, while we compare amounts of one substance to another using moles, we must also use grams, since this is the information we get from balances.
![Page 88: Introduction to the Mole and Molar Mass](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022061510/568133f7550346895d9aea45/html5/thumbnails/88.jpg)
There are three steps to converting grams of a substance to moles.
1. Determine how many grams are given in the problem.
2. Calculate the molar mass of the substance.
3. Divide step one by step two.
![Page 89: Introduction to the Mole and Molar Mass](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022061510/568133f7550346895d9aea45/html5/thumbnails/89.jpg)
The three steps above can be expressed in the following proportion:
Grams Moles
--------------- = --------------
Molar Mass 1 Mole
![Page 90: Introduction to the Mole and Molar Mass](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022061510/568133f7550346895d9aea45/html5/thumbnails/90.jpg)
Example #1 - Convert 25.0 grams of KMnO4 to moles.
Step One: The problem will tell you how many grams are present. Look for the unit of grams. The problem gives us 25.0 grams.
Step Two: You need to know the molar mass of the substance. The molar mass of KMnO4 is 158.034 grams/mole.
Potassium (K) = 39.10 x 1 = 39.10 gManganese (Mn) = 54.94 x 1 = 54.94 gOxygen (O) = 16.00 x 4 = 64.00 g --------------- 158.04 gStep Three: You divide the grams given by the substance's
molar mass (25.0/158.04)
The answer of 0.16 mole has been rounded off.
![Page 91: Introduction to the Mole and Molar Mass](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022061510/568133f7550346895d9aea45/html5/thumbnails/91.jpg)
Example #2 - Calculate how many moles are in 57.0 grams of Mg(NO3)2
Step One: 57.0 grams are given in the text of the problem.
Step Two: The molar mass is 148 grams/mole.Mg (Magnesium) = 24 x 1= 24 gN (Nitrogen) = 14 x 2= 28 gO (Oxygen) = 16 x 6= 96 gStep Three: Again you divide the grams by the
substances molar mass (57.0 g/148 g).
This answer has been rounded to 0.39 moles.
![Page 92: Introduction to the Mole and Molar Mass](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022061510/568133f7550346895d9aea45/html5/thumbnails/92.jpg)
Practice Problems
![Page 93: Introduction to the Mole and Molar Mass](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022061510/568133f7550346895d9aea45/html5/thumbnails/93.jpg)
1. Calculate the moles present in:
2.00 grams of H2O
.11 moles water
![Page 94: Introduction to the Mole and Molar Mass](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022061510/568133f7550346895d9aea45/html5/thumbnails/94.jpg)
2. Calculate the moles present in:
75.57 grams of KBr
.635 moles KBr
![Page 95: Introduction to the Mole and Molar Mass](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022061510/568133f7550346895d9aea45/html5/thumbnails/95.jpg)
3. Calculate the moles present in:
100.0 grams of KClO4
.72 moles KClO4
![Page 96: Introduction to the Mole and Molar Mass](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022061510/568133f7550346895d9aea45/html5/thumbnails/96.jpg)
4. Calculate the moles present in:
225.5 grams of Sucrose (C12H24O12)
.63 moles Sucrose
![Page 97: Introduction to the Mole and Molar Mass](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022061510/568133f7550346895d9aea45/html5/thumbnails/97.jpg)
5. Calculate the moles present in:
350.0 grams of Glucose (C6H12O6)
1.943 moles Glucose
![Page 98: Introduction to the Mole and Molar Mass](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022061510/568133f7550346895d9aea45/html5/thumbnails/98.jpg)
Homework
![Page 99: Introduction to the Mole and Molar Mass](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022061510/568133f7550346895d9aea45/html5/thumbnails/99.jpg)
1. Calculate the moles present in:
3.00 grams of NaCl
.05 moles
![Page 100: Introduction to the Mole and Molar Mass](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022061510/568133f7550346895d9aea45/html5/thumbnails/100.jpg)
2. Calculate the moles present in:
25.0 grams of NH3
1.47 moles NH3
![Page 101: Introduction to the Mole and Molar Mass](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022061510/568133f7550346895d9aea45/html5/thumbnails/101.jpg)
3. Calculate the moles present in:
16.0 grams of KCl
.21 moles KCl
![Page 102: Introduction to the Mole and Molar Mass](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022061510/568133f7550346895d9aea45/html5/thumbnails/102.jpg)
4. Calculate the moles present in:
30.25 grams of BeCl2
.38 moles KCl
![Page 103: Introduction to the Mole and Molar Mass](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022061510/568133f7550346895d9aea45/html5/thumbnails/103.jpg)
5. Calculate the moles present in:
175.25 grams of Li2S
3.81 moles Li2S
![Page 104: Introduction to the Mole and Molar Mass](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022061510/568133f7550346895d9aea45/html5/thumbnails/104.jpg)
6. Calculate the moles present in:
75.62 grams of CO2
1.72 moles CO2
![Page 105: Introduction to the Mole and Molar Mass](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022061510/568133f7550346895d9aea45/html5/thumbnails/105.jpg)
7. Calculate the moles present in:
56.5 grams of H2O
3.14 moles H2O
![Page 106: Introduction to the Mole and Molar Mass](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022061510/568133f7550346895d9aea45/html5/thumbnails/106.jpg)
8. Calculate the moles present in:
22.6 grams of CH3COOH
.38 moles CH3COOH
![Page 107: Introduction to the Mole and Molar Mass](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022061510/568133f7550346895d9aea45/html5/thumbnails/107.jpg)
9. Calculate the moles present in:
18.4 grams of AgCl
.13 moles AgCl
![Page 108: Introduction to the Mole and Molar Mass](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022061510/568133f7550346895d9aea45/html5/thumbnails/108.jpg)
10. Calculate the moles present
in: 68.3 grams of HCN
2.53 moles HCN