Vocab:1. Industrial Revolution2. Enclosures3. Lord Charles Townshend4. Jethro Tull5. James WattGuiding Questions6. What happened to the peasants as a result of

enclosures?7. What technology was created?

Introduction to the Industrial Revolution

Monday March 26th 2012

Before the revolution, most people worked the land, used handmade tools, made their own clothes, and grew their own food.

Industrial Revolution: Began in the late 1700’s and is the shift from an agrarian to industrialized society. Characterized by the changes in agriculture machinery

and technology Population shift from rural to urban areas

Started in Britain. Slow complex process

The Industrial Revolution

Second agricultural revolution: Changes

in farming that allows the IR to happen Rich landowners created enclosures

The process of taking over and consolidating land formerly shared by peasant farmers

Made farming more efficient Profits rose as farms were producing

more food Peasants pushed off their land and

were forced to move to cities to find jobs

The increase in food production led to a population increase

Agriculture spurs Industry

Lord Charles Townshend

Changed crop rotation Told farmers to grow turnips to restore exhausted

soil Jethro Tull

Invented seed drill which put seeds in the rows rather than hand scattering them

People who changed agriculture

New Technology Thomas Newcomen developed a steam

engine powered by coal to pump water out of mines

James Watt took his idea and made improvements. Watt’s engine would become the key power

source of the IR The steam engine not only powered

machinery but powered locomotives and steamships

Iron The Darby family created new methods for

producing iron Created a less expensive and higher-quality

iron Used in machines, steam engines and

railroads