Course Outline:Course Outline: Introduction to productivity improvement in constr Introduction to productivity improvement in constr

uctionuction Method for data gathering for productivity improve Method for data gathering for productivity improve

mentment• Activity Sampling Activity Sampling

Field ratings Field ratings Productivity ratings Productivity ratings Five minute ratings Five minute ratings

• Data analysis and presentation Data analysis and presentation Analysis of time Analysis of time Crew balance chart Crew balance chart Flow diagram Flow diagram Process chart applications Process chart applications

Course Outline:Course Outline: The learning curve, productivity improvement t The learning curve, productivity improvement t

hrough repetition hrough repetition• Review on current theory Review on current theory• Data collection to determine learning curve fa Data collection to determine learning curve fa

ctorctor• Analyze of learning curve model Analyze of learning curve model• Apply to estimate time and cost of constructio Apply to estimate time and cost of constructio

n activity n activity Productivity improvement from management le Productivity improvement from management le

velvel Productivity improvement from operation level Productivity improvement from operation level Factors affecting humans as workers in construc Factors affecting humans as workers in construc

tiontion

Course Outline:Course Outline: Safety and environmental health in Safety and environmental health in

construction industry construction industry• Accident problem Accident problem• - Site specific aspects of construction safety- Site specific aspects of construction safety• Environmental health hazards in Environmental health hazards in

constructionconstruction Just in Time (JIT) Just in Time (JIT) Lean Construction Lean Construction ความสั�มพั�นธ์�ระหว�างค�ณภาพัและการเพั��มผล�ตภาพัในระบบความสั�มพั�นธ์�ระหว�างค�ณภาพัและการเพั��มผล�ตภาพัในระบบ

งานก�อสัร าง งานก�อสัร าง เทคน�คในการควบค�มค�ณภาพังานก�อสัร างเทคน�คในการควบค�มค�ณภาพังานก�อสัร าง

Performance VS ProductivityPerformance VS Productivity

Productivity – Work accomplished at Productivity – Work accomplished at a fair price to the owner and with a a fair price to the owner and with a reasonable profit for the contractor. reasonable profit for the contractor.

Productivity = CostProductivity = Cost Safety – Project is accident free Safety – Project is accident free

within reasonable limits.within reasonable limits. Timeliness – On Schedule, Everything Timeliness – On Schedule, Everything

is on hand when needed.is on hand when needed.

Performance VS ProductivityPerformance VS Productivity

Quality – facility and its elements Quality – facility and its elements meet the specified requirements and meet the specified requirements and performs in a manner which satisfies performs in a manner which satisfies the owner’s needs. It does not mean the owner’s needs. It does not mean gold plating or better than needed to gold plating or better than needed to do the job.do the job.

SafetySafety

Accident prevention has a direct Accident prevention has a direct impact on productivity.impact on productivity.

All unsafe acts and events disrupt All unsafe acts and events disrupt the work and divert the attention of the work and divert the attention of management from its primary management from its primary function.function.

Safety reducing accident costs.Safety reducing accident costs.

TimelinessTimeliness

Project must be completed Project must be completed on timeon time. . So that owner have use as was So that owner have use as was anticipated when the projects where anticipated when the projects where under taken.under taken.

SchedulingScheduling – make sure that at the – make sure that at the job level, all the elements necessary job level, all the elements necessary to carry out a particular task are to carry out a particular task are available.available.

QualityQuality The completed project functioning as The completed project functioning as

the owner intended.the owner intended. Make sure that details in carrying out Make sure that details in carrying out

a task are done properly the first a task are done properly the first time. Avoid reworking/redoing. They time. Avoid reworking/redoing. They devastate productivity, not only in devastate productivity, not only in time spent and cost incurred with time spent and cost incurred with redoing, but effect on morale and the redoing, but effect on morale and the willingness of job personnel to work willingness of job personnel to work productively.productively.

ProductivityProductivity

Productivity = Output/InputProductivity = Output/Input Output areOutput are mm33, m, m22, m., unit., m., unit. Input are money, hour, worker, Input are money, hour, worker,

equipment.equipment. Therefore, productivity can be Therefore, productivity can be

explained in several forms such asexplained in several forms such as mm33/Baht, m/Baht, m22/Hour, m/worker, /Hour, m/worker,

Unit/EquipmentUnit/Equipment

Measure of SuccessMeasure of Success

Costs must match budget.Costs must match budget. Completion must be on schedule or Completion must be on schedule or

ahead of it.ahead of it. Quality must fit the anticipated Quality must fit the anticipated

service requirements.service requirements. Free of accidents or health hazards.Free of accidents or health hazards. Final product must serve the owner’s Final product must serve the owner’s

purposes.purposes. Self fulfillment to the outcome.Self fulfillment to the outcome.

Why construction work is difficult?Why construction work is difficult?

Construction projects areConstruction projects are• UniqueUnique• Fast movingFast moving• Different designers, contractor, ownerDifferent designers, contractor, owner• Different management, equipment, Different management, equipment,

material, crews.material, crews.• Little repetition, few second chances to Little repetition, few second chances to

learn from mistakes.learn from mistakes.• Accelerated scheduling.Accelerated scheduling.

Why construction work is difficult?Why construction work is difficult?

Contractual structure are seldom Contractual structure are seldom conducive to cooperation. conducive to cooperation.

Parties Parties • assume boundaries which cannot step assume boundaries which cannot step

acrossacross• become adversariesbecome adversaries• look out for their own interestslook out for their own interests

Why construction work is difficult?Why construction work is difficult?

Traditional hierarchical management Traditional hierarchical management – blocks free discussion and – blocks free discussion and exchange of ideas.exchange of ideas.

Attitude of construction people – Attitude of construction people – managers and workers alike. They managers and workers alike. They want to get on with the job, which do want to get on with the job, which do not provide a climate, lead time, not provide a climate, lead time, thoughtful, searching approach thoughtful, searching approach necessary to develop and carry out necessary to develop and carry out new or innovative ideas.new or innovative ideas.

Productivity Improvement PlanProductivity Improvement Plan

Develop an attitude win-win at all Develop an attitude win-win at all levels rather than conflict or win-lose.levels rather than conflict or win-lose.

Develop cooperation as a top Develop cooperation as a top priority.priority.

Plan and agree jointly with affected Plan and agree jointly with affected parties on a specific and continuing parties on a specific and continuing program.program.

Productivity Improvement PlanProductivity Improvement Plan

Commit the time, money, and human Commit the time, money, and human resources required to implement the resources required to implement the plan’s successive stages.plan’s successive stages.

Develop innovative approaches both Develop innovative approaches both to management and technical to management and technical matters.matters.

Use every opportunity and a variety Use every opportunity and a variety of strategies to get the message out.of strategies to get the message out.

Productivity Improvement PlanProductivity Improvement Plan Develop and implement a system for Develop and implement a system for

all the parties that rewards all the parties that rewards cooperation and improved cooperation and improved performance in all the four areas performance in all the four areas namely productivity, safety, namely productivity, safety, schedule, and quality.schedule, and quality.

Insist on commitment to the plan. Insist on commitment to the plan. Discipline those who cannot or will Discipline those who cannot or will not fit into the new approach.not fit into the new approach.

Monitor progress and results.Monitor progress and results.