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MSE 5043 Advanced MaterialsCharacterization

W 7:20 pm 10:00 pm

Dr. Ranji Vaidyanathan Materials Scienceand Engineering

Ranji Y-DEA-NathanLecture 1, August 21, 2013

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What are Materials?

Materials may be defined as substance ofwhich something is composed or made.

We obtain materials from earth crust and

atmosphere.

Examp les : - Silicon and Iron constitute 27.72and 5.00 percentage of weight ofearths crust respectively. Nitrogen and Oxygen constitute78.08 and 20.95 percentage ofdry air by volume respectively.

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Why is the Study of Materials Important? Production and processing of materials constitute a

large part of our economy. Engineers choose materials to suit design. New materials might be needed for some new

applications.

Example :- High temperature resistantmaterials.Space station and Mars Rovers shouldsustain conditions in space.

* High speed, low temperature, strong butlight.

Modification of properties might be needed for someapplications.

Example :- Heat treatment to modifyproperties.

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What is an exciting materials related news that we saw recentlyTesla electric car

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Materials Science and Engineering Materials science deals with basic knowledge about

the internal structure, properties and processing ofmaterials.

Materials engineering deals with the application ofknowledge gained by materials science to convertmaterials to products.

Materials characterization techniques helps us todetermine if we are getting the materials propertiesthat we are aiming for.

ResultantKnowledge

of Structure andProperties

AppliedKnowledgeof Materials

Materials ScienceMaterials Science and

Engineering Materials EngineeringBasic

Knowledgeof

Materials

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Materials Characterization

Accurately measuring the physicaland chemical properties of materials

Accurately measuring (determining)the structure of a material

- atomic level structure- Microscopic level structures

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Materials Characterization

A critical part of Materials Science andEngineering is to study the relationshipsbetween

Properties of materials Structures and Microstructures The processing used to make the materials The ultimate performance of a material in use

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Different types of materials Types of materials (metals, ceramics, polymers,

semiconductors) Properties of materials (mechanical, thermal,electrical, optical)

Different levels of structure in materials (atomic,

microscopic, macroscopic) Explaining the relation among materialprocessing, structure, properties, andperformance is a never-ending task

The main objective is to understand the relationshipbetween processing and structure explain theperformance or non-performance!!

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Historical perspective of materials development

Tools from stone Start of the Stone Age about two millionyears ago.

Natural materials: stone, wood, clay, skins, etc. Stone Age ended 5000 years ago with introduction of

Bronze in the Far East. Bronze is an alloy of copper +