introduction to gis
DESCRIPTION
Introduction to GIS. Introductions. Introductions. Your name Where you work Your professional field Have you used GIS before? What we expect to get from this training?. Course Times. 9:00 AM to 11:45 PM (Morning Session) 11:45 AM to 1:00 PM (Lunch Break) - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
Introductions
•Your name•Where you work•Your professional field•Have you used GIS before?•What we expect to get from this training?
Course Times
9:00 AM to 11:45 PM (Morning Session)
11:45 AM to 1:00 PM (Lunch Break)
1:00 PM to 4:00 PM (Afternoon Session)
Course Schedule
Morning Session Introduction to GIS Demo & Execerise:
Navigate ArcMap Attribute and Location Queries
Afternoon Session Navigate ArcCatalog Compose Maps Edit and Create Data
Location, Location, Location
Almost everything that happens, happens somewhere. Knowing where? and why? something happens & why do I care? is critically important!
‘Pin map’
So … what is mapping ?So … what is mapping ?
Understanding Patterns Relationships Processes
Conceptualizing Modeling Visualizing
Geography is the Science of Our WorldIncreasingly Being Seen as a Framework for
. . . Integrating. . . IntegratingWhat We KnowWhat We Know
Data - Data - DataWe’ve all “got data”
Location DataLocation Data
-- How Many -- What Kind -- Where-- How Many -- What Kind -- Where Scale of DataScale of Data
-- Local to Global-- Local to Global Data PresentationData Presentation
-- Words, Charts, Graphs, Tables, or Maps-- Words, Charts, Graphs, Tables, or Maps
Exploring data using GIS turns Exploring data using GIS turns datadata into into informationinformation into into knowledgeknowledge
What is GIS?
A method to visualize, manipulate, analyze, and display spatial data
“Smart Maps” linking a database to a map
What is GIS?
A geographic information or geographical information system (GIS) is a system for creating, storing, analyzing and managing spatial data and associated attributes. Data – Accuracy and
availability. Hardware – Performance of
GIS functions Software – GIS and other
support software People – The most
component in a GIS. The people who create and manipulate the system to produce products
• Spatial location- usually Spatial location- usually geographic locationgeographic location
• Information – visualization of Information – visualization of analysis of dataanalysis of data
• System – linking software, System – linking software, hardware, datahardware, data
• Personnel – a thinking explorer Personnel – a thinking explorer with procedures using GIS to with procedures using GIS to manipulate, analyze and present manipulate, analyze and present information information
GIS … a ‘spatial blend’ of location & information
GIS is a TOOL!
Displaying and editing data
Querying and analyzing data
Charting and reporting data
Creating layouts
A tool that you apply …
Title bar
Menu bar
Standard toolbar
Table of Contents
Data Frame
Layers
Tools toolbar
Layout toolbar
Data/Layout View
Context menu
Data For GIS Applications
Business, Survey, & Demographic Purchased, donated, free
(Internet) Created by user
Databases -- Tables of data (such as address, permit, etc..)
GPS -- Global Positioning System – Accurate locations
Remote Sensing and Aerial Photography
Where is GIS used?
Planning for government, education, & military Environmental – Monitoring & Modeling Public Safety – Fire, police & medical Homeland security (first responders are local
cities!!) Business & Industry – Site Location, Delivery
Systems & much, much more …
Concepts are most importantSoftware can be learned more easily
What remains constant: GIS is a powerful tool
Mapping for Visualization Spatial Analysis
What changes frequently Data formats User interfaces, inclusion of additional
capabilities (e.g., 3D, spatial statistics)
GIS strengths
More efficiently visualized updates Easy and effective display Good database management system for spatial
information Able to integrate data from many different
sources (but…)
GIS Weaknesses
Cost and difficulty of database creation Higher accuracy, higher costs Integration of data from diverse sources can
result in poor overall accuracy if not well managed
ArcGIS Desktop Licensing ArcGIS is comprised of three levels of Licensing:
Arcview, ArcEditor, Arcinfo
Tool availability is dependant upon licensing type
Extensions have to be purchased at extra cost and
do not come with the three basic licensing types
What is ArcGIS Desktop ?
ArcGIS Desktop is an integrated suite of advanced GIS applications and interfaces, including ArcMap, ArcCatalog, ArcGlobe, ArcScene, ArcToolbox, and ModelBuilder. Using these applications and interfaces, you can perform any GIS task, from simple to advanced, including mapping; geographic analysis; data editing,compilation, and management; visualization; and geoprocessing. ArcGIS Desktop is scalable to meet the needs of many types of users. It is available at three functional levels:
ArcView focuses on comprehensive data use, mapping, and analysis.
ArcEditor adds advanced geographic editing and data creation.
ArcInfo is a complete, professional GIS desktop product containing comprehensive GIS functionality, including rich geoprocessing capabilities.
ArcGIS Components
ArcMap is primary display application, and perform map-based tasks.
ArcCatalog is a window to browse and manage your data
ArcToolbox is a set of tools for geographic process functions.
What is Arcmap
ArcMap is the central component in ArcGIS Desktop for all map-based tasks, including cartography, map analysis, and editing. ArcMap is a comprehensive map authoring application for ArcGIS Desktop.
ArcMap offers two types of map views: a geographic data view and a page layout view. In geographic data view, you work with geographic layers to symbolize, analyze, and compile GIS datasets. A table of contents interface helps you organize and control the drawing properties of the GIS data layers in your data frame.
What is ArcCatalog
ArcCatalog helps you organize and manage all your GIS information (maps, globes, datasets, models, metadata, services, and so on). It includes tools to:
Browse and find geographic information.
Record, view, and manage metadata.
Define, export, and import geodatabase schemas and designs.
What is ArcToolbox ArcToolbox is embedded in ArcCatalog and ArcMap and is
available in ArcView, ArcEditor, and ArcInfo. Each product level includes additional geoprocessing tools. ArcView supports a core set of simple data loading and translation tools as well as fundamental analysis tools; ArcEditor adds tools for geodatabase creation and loading; and ArcInfo provides a comprehensive set of geoprocessing tools for vector analysis, data conversion, data loading, and coverage geoprocessing. ArcView provides more than 80 tools in ArcToolbox, ArcEditor provides more than 90, and ArcInfo gives you approximately 250.
Introduction to GIS: ArcMap Data Frame (Map) properties
Settings for how map is displayed Map units (feet, meters, miles, etc.) Reference scale
Usually the scale that you will plot the map Coordinate system
Automatically set to same coordinate system as first layer in table of contents.
Bookmarks Create custom views of your map
Introduction to GIS: ArcMap Layer properties
Settings for how layers are displayed Scale dependent display
Controls which scale a layer is visible Data source Symbology Definition query
A SQL Expression that controls which features are visible in a layer
Labels
Introduction to GIS: ArcMap
Data sources Data layers are not embedded in the ArcMap
project. Data layers reference .shp files, geodatabase
feature classes, coverages, CAD files or images Standalone tables including .dbf, Excel or
geodatabase tables.
Introduction to ArcMap
Find Parcel 047-332-002 What land use is it? (identify)
Find intersection & Address Duarte St. and Eastern Ave.
What water feature is near the parcel? Find 231 W Main (label by right click)
Measure ROW (measure tool)
Find Coordinate Lon -115.5165, Lat 32.9916 What’s the location?
Introduction to GIS: ArcMap
ArcMap Selecting features
Set selectable layers Selection tool Add/remove features from selection set Switch selection
Introduction to GIS: ArcMap
Selecting features using Queries Select by Location
Uses geographic relationships of data to select features. e.g. Select parcels within city boundary
Select by Attribute Uses a SQL expression to select features in the attribute
table. e.g. Select commercial parcels
Use Statistics What is total? What’s average size?
Introduction to GIS: ArcMap
Exercise: Combination query, attribute and location
How many residential parcels within 1 mile of airport? (1,318)
Create New Data Open Attribute Table Create Field and Calculate Sq. Ft. Export to Dbf. Open in MS Excel
Introduction to GIS: ArcCatalog Browse and preview data
.shp Geodatabase feature classes CAD Image Tables
Connect to data Metadata
Metadata Editor Thumbnails
Introduction to GIS: XY Data Open Text file for La Puente Open file in MS Excel Add data
City Boundary Apply a definition query to a layer
Add Streets
Introduction to GIS: Creating a Map Add data
City Boundary Apply a definition query to a layer
Add Land use and Symbolize layers Default symbology Import Layer
Add Street and group links
Introduction to GIS: Creating a Map Create labels with labeling tool
Label classes Freeway Highway Major Arterials Minor Arterial
Create a Bookmark City Limits
Exercise Find Address 401 S. Ventura Street Ojai, CA 93024
Create Bookmark Make shape file and buffer Make Land use transparent
Bring in Aerial from ESRI
Introduction to GIS: Creating a Map Create a layout Add map surrounds
North arrow Scale bar Legend Title Block
Export to .pdf
Introduction to GIS: Creating data Optional, if time permits: Open ArcCatalog Create Geodatabase Create new domain in geodatabase Create new feature class Apply domain to field in feature class attribute
table.
Introduction to GIS: Editing data Optional, if time permits: Edit a feature class
Add a new feature Edit a feature attribute Edit a feature shape