introduction to energy management doty, steve & turner, wayne. (2009). energy management...
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Introduction to Energy Management
Doty, Steve & Turner, Wayne. (2009). Energy Management Handbook. Lilburn, GA: The Fairmount Press.
Jacobsen, J. (2011). Sustainable Business and Industry. Milwaukee: Quality Press.
Zajac, Alan. (1997). Building Environments: HVAC Systems. Milwaukee, WI: Johnson Controls in cooperation with Delmar Thomas Learning
Week 1
The Role of HVAC Systems in Facility Management isContinuous Improvement
HVAC
Heating System (if applicable)Ventilation SystemAir Conditioning (chillers) ThermostatsDucts and PipesPumps Chillers …..etc…
Energy Management
• Energy management is doing more with the same amount of energy or less energy.
• Energy management saves money and makes buildings more comfortable, healthy, and safe.
• Occupants can be productive
Energy Use Reduction
Efficiency • Energy efficiency involves
the use of technology that requires less energy to perform the same function.
• Focuses on the HVAC and equipment or machinery being used
• One example outside HVAC is installing LED – getting more light and less heat
Conservation • Energy conservation
includes any behavior that results in the use of less energy.
• Focuses on the behavior of people
Why Energy Management
• Reduces consumption• Increases comfort & safety• Reduces pollution• Makes our economy stronger• Increases our energy security• Provides school personnel with real
time energy and performance data to manage the building’s energy needs
Important Learned Outcomes for this Course
• Recognize the serious nature of becoming an energy technician. • Recognize basic science concepts related to energy.• Demonstrate proper use of equipment and operational effective methods.• Demonstrate ability to determine specific energy management findings, recommendations, and
possible solutions related to energy efficiency and control of resources.• Identify appropriate energy efficiency design options for new construction and retrofitting.• Use processes and systems to understand and manage energy and objectively address the economic
aspects of energy management and gain skills to develop energy efficiency measures.• Control energy use and identify energy waste and monitor the performance of measures
implemented.• Demonstrate understanding of energy management control systems including air conditioning and
refrigeration, instrumentation, components and controls, applications, operation and maintenance.• Demonstrate understanding of various energy usage equipment and energy management control
techniques and facilities maintenance and operations.• Demonstrate understanding of data communications including principles of signal interface,
standards and codes of practice.• Propose improvements and have a cursory understanding of commissioning, M&V and Energy
Performance Contracting
Three Purposes of Complete Air Control Occupant Comfort and Productivity Equipment and Manufacturing Process Efficiency Energy Conservation Ecological Responsibility Save Operational Costs
The Role of Systems in Facility Management
16 Weeks • Week 1 The Role Of HVAC Systems In Facilities Management• Week 2 Heat, Temperature and Pressure Basics• Week 3 Managing Human Comfort• Week 4 Determining the Loads on The HVAC System• Week 5 Psychrometrics: The Properties of Air• Week 6 HVAC System Types• Week 7 Refrigeration Cycle • Week 8 Air Cleaning Equipment• Week 9 Evaporative Cooling and Cooling Towers, Centrifugal Pumps and Hydronic Systems• Week 10 Air Moving Equipment: Fans and Ducts • Week 11 Control Systems for Occupant Comfort• Week 12 Control Strategies for Occupant Comfort• Week 13 Advanced Technology for Effective Facility Control• Week 14 Commissioning, M&V, ROI and Energy Performance Contracting • Week 15 Review and preparation for final exam• Week 16 Introduction of and Administration of Final Exam
Advanced Analysis
Sustainable Initiatives: 2016+• Performance Contracting • Enthalpy sensors controlling HVAC • Carbon dioxide sensors controlling HVAC • Occupant sensors for lighting & HVAC• Load shedding• Peak shaving• Sweeping lights out at night & daylight trackers• Building wide temperature standards• Sub-metering• Register for LEED certification• Green cleaning products • Vending misers• Energy audits• Commissioning
Enthalpy Sensors
October Enthalpy Trends
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ECON-C OA-T OA-H OA-ENRH RA-T RA-H RA-ENRH
2005: 31,791,000,000 2006: 28,865,000,000Difference between 2005 and 2006: 2,926,000,000Less 10% of 2005: 28,611,900,000 Difference between goal and reality: 25,300,000
Month
Data
DecNovOctSep
AugJ ul
J un
MayAprMarFeb
J an
7000000000
6000000000
5000000000
4000000000
3000000000
2000000000
1000000000
0
Variable
Actual mbls 2006
mbls Btu 2005GOAL mbls 10% less than 2005
Steam Btus 2005 to 2006Jan through Dec
Includes the 10% goal valuesDecember MBLS is an estimate
9.2% Reduction
Discovered more off peak opportunities than on peak(reduce energy use off peak)
Sept 2004 through oct 2006
kWh
2421181512963
500000
450000
400000
350000
300000
VariableOn-Peak Usage (kWh)Off-Peak Usage (kWh)
Time Series Plot of On-Peak Usage (kWh), Off-Peak Usage (kWh)
Ideal for benchmarking against yourself
Ste
am
- M
LBS
Dece
mbe
r
Nove
mbe
r
Octobe
r
Septem
ber
Augu
stJuly
JuneMay
April
March
Februa
ry
Janu
ary
14000
12000
10000
8000
6000
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2000
0
95% CI for the MeanSteam heating means and CIs for 5 years of monthly observations
Btu per degree days works for this facility
Degree Days
kWh B
tu
12001000800600400200
80000000
70000000
60000000
50000000
40000000
30000000
20000000
10000000
S 5108902R-Sq 94.1%R-Sq(adj) 93.5%
1313 Energy Performance ModelkWh Btu = 5163667 + 60162 Degree Days
Month
Btu
/DD
14121086420
120000
110000
100000
90000
80000
70000
60000
50000
40000
Cubic model: R sq. .52, p-value of .052Btu/DD = 44916 + 17552 Month - 2288 Month**2 + 76.12 Month**3
Tighten KGMB
KNOW YOUR PRICING STRUCTURE:
• Elect Peak Demand Charge • Elect Energy Charge
• Steam • Steam (fuel cost adj.)
• Nat. Gas (distribution)• Base Gas• PGA (purchased gas adjustment)
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ECON-C OA-T OA-H OA-ENRH RA-T RA-H RA-ENRH
Lets Get Started
Questions??