11/20/2009

1

SCOMI OILTOOLS

Global Research & Technology Centre/ GRTC

Training Department

Introduction to Introduction to

Drilling Fluids Drilling Fluids

OperationOperation

Introduction to Introduction to

Drilling Fluids Drilling Fluids

OperationOperation

Drilling Fluids Workshop23th 26th Nov 2009

Duri - Indonesia

Drilling Fluids Workshop23th 26th Nov 2009

Duri - Indonesia

SCOMI OILTOOLS

How to find oil

Drilling Rig

Drilling Operation

Drilling Fluids Operation

Topics to cover :

11/20/2009

2

SCOMI OILTOOLS

How to Find Oil

Direct Indications

o Natural seepages of oil

o Outcrops of oil-bearing

rocks

SCOMI OILTOOLS

Geological Methods

o To select promising sites for the drilling of exploratory

wells

o Prepare a Map (both surface and sub surface)

o Methods :

o Gravitational Survey

o Magnetic Survey

o Seismic Survey

How to Find Oil

11/20/2009

3

SCOMI OILTOOLS

How to Find Oil (seismic)

Using

air gun as

the source

of shock

waves

Compressed

air is more

environmen

tally friendly

than

explosives

Receivers

to record

waves

reflected

by

formation

layers

SCOMI OILTOOLS

How to Find Oil (seismic)

11/20/2009

4

SCOMI OILTOOLS

How to Find Oil Sub-surface map

SCOMI OILTOOLS

How to Find Oil (seismic)

Land operation

Using Geophone

to receive waves

Offshore operation

Using Hydrophone

to receive waves

11/20/2009

5

SCOMI OILTOOLS

Reservoir Geology/Types

9

Oil accumulated in a domal structure

Structure trap resulting from faulting

SALT SALT WATERWATER

OIL

GASGASOILOIL

SALT WATERSALT WATER

How to Find Oil

SCOMI OILTOOLS

Reservoir Geology/Types

10

Oil accumulation under

an unconformity

Oil accumulation in the vicinity

of a piercement-type salt dome

SALTSALT

GASGAS

SALT WATER

OIL

How to Find Oil

11/20/2009

6

SCOMI OILTOOLS

What Next ?

Well Construction

Drilling (making hole)

Cementing

SCOMI OILTOOLS

Drilling a Well

11/20/2009

7

SCOMI OILTOOLS

Drilling Rig

Is a portable factory that is built to make a hole.

SCOMI OILTOOLS

Rig Type

11/20/2009

8

SCOMI OILTOOLS

Land Rig

SCOMI OILTOOLS

Swamp-Barge Rig

11/20/2009

9

SCOMI OILTOOLS

Off-Shore (Shallow Water) Jack-Up Rig

SCOMI OILTOOLS

Jack- up Rig

Move rig to location

Jack-down the legs

Jack-up the hull

Start Drilling

11/20/2009

10

SCOMI OILTOOLS

Off-shore Semi Submersible / Platform

SCOMI OILTOOLS

Off-shore (Deep Water) Semi

Submersible Rig

11/20/2009

11

SCOMI OILTOOLS

Off-shore (Deep Water) Semi

Submersible Rig

SCOMI OILTOOLS

Off-shore (Deep-Water) Drill-Ship

11/20/2009

12

SCOMI OILTOOLS

Drilling Process

SCOMI OILTOOLS

Drilling Surface Hole

Drilling out surface hole with

17-1/2 bit

The mud brings the cutting up

to surface

11/20/2009

13

SCOMI OILTOOLS

Run & Cement Surface Casing

Pulling Out Of Hole (POOH)

the Drilling Assembly

Running - In Hole (RIH)

the Surface Casing ( 13-3/8)

Pumping Cement

Displacing Cement with Mud

Waiting On Cement (WOC) to dry

SURFACE CASING (13-3/8)

SCOMI OILTOOLS

Drilling Intermediate Hole

SURFACE CASING (13-3/8)

Drilling out cement and casing

shoe with 12-1/4 bit

Drilling out intermediate hole

The mud bring the cutting up to

surface

11/20/2009

14

SCOMI OILTOOLS

Run & Cement Intermediate Casing

SURFACE CASING (13-3/8)

Pulling Out Of Hole (POOH)

the Drilling Assembly

INTERMEDIATE CASING (9-5/8)

Running - In Hole (RIH)

the Intermediate Casing ( 9-5/8)

Pumping Cement

Displacing Cement with Mud

Waiting On Cement (WOC) to

dry

SCOMI OILTOOLS

Drilling Production Hole

SURFACE CASING (13-3/8)

INTERMEDIATE CASING (9-5/8)

Drilling out cement and casing

shoe with 8-1/2 bit

Drilling out production hole

The mud brings the cutting up

to surface

11/20/2009

15

SCOMI OILTOOLS

Logging in Production Hole

SURFACE CASING (13-3/8)

INTERMEDIATE CASING (9-5/8)

Pulling Out Of Hole (POOH)

the Drilling Assembly

Running-In Logging Tools

Logging-up the formation

SCOMI OILTOOLS

Run & Cement Production Casing

SURFACE CASING (13-3/8)

INTERMEDIATE CASING (9-5/8)

Running - In Hole (RIH)

the Production Casing ( 7)

Pumping Cement

Displacing Cement with Mud

Pulling Out Of Hole (POOH)

the Drilling Assembly

Waiting On Cement (WOC) to

dry

PRODUCTION CASING (7)

11/20/2009

16

SCOMI OILTOOLS

SURFACE CASING (13-3/8)

INTERMEDIATE CASING (9-5/8)

PRODUCTION CASING (7)

Well Construction

SCOMI OILTOOLS

What Next ?

Well Construction

Drilling (making hole)

Cementing

Well Completion (preparing & installing

production equipment to produce oil/gas)

11/20/2009

17

SCOMI OILTOOLS

Producing Oil

Completion (completing the well) OIL $$OIL $$OIL $$OIL $$

Running in Completion Assembly

Displacing mud to Completion

Fluids (brine)

Perforate the casing ( to let the oil

in to the wellbore )

Oil flows into the wellbore

Set the Packer to isolate & divert

the oil flow into production tubing

SURFACE

CASING

INTERME-

DIATE

CASING

PRODUCTION

CASING

SCOMI OILTOOLS

Drilling Fluids

11/20/2009

18

SCOMI OILTOOLS

What is mud

LIQUID MUDSOLIDS

WATER

OIL

SALT

CHEMICALS

BARITE

BENTONITE/GEL

DRILL SOLIDS

WATER-BASE MUD

OIL-BASE MUD

SCOMI OILTOOLS

What is mud

LIQUID MUDSOLIDS

WATER

OIL

SALT

CHEMICALS

BARITE

BENTONITE/GEL

DRILL SOLIDS

WATER-BASE MUD

OIL-BASE MUD

PRODUCTS PRODUCTS MUD SYSTEM

WATER

OIL

SALT

CHEMICALS

BARITE

BENTONITE/GEL WATER-BASE MUD

OIL-BASE MUD

11/20/2009

19

SCOMI OILTOOLS

Mud Component

1. Base fluids

2. pH Control

3. Viscosifier

4. Filtration Control

5. Weighting agent

6. Additional product :

Shale Control Additive

Corrosion Inhibitor

Lubricants

Dispersants

SCOMI OILTOOLS

How to mix mud

Base Fluids

11/20/2009

20

SCOMI OILTOOLS

How to mix mud (on the rig site)

SCOMI OILTOOLS

How to mix mud (on the rig site)

CH

EM

ICA

LS

MUD

FROM

TANK

MUD + CHEMICALS

BACK IN TO TANK

MIXING CHEMICALS THROUGH HOPER AT RIG SITE

11/20/2009

21

SCOMI OILTOOLS

Scomi Oiltools Products

SCOMI OILTOOLS

Where is the mud

in Drilling OperationMUD PUMP

11/20/2009

22

SCOMI OILTOOLS

Down-hole mud circulationTO SHALE

SHAKER

FROM

MUD

TANK

BACK TO

MUD

TANK

SCOMI OILTOOLS

What does the mud do ?

TO CLEAN THE HOLE

How?How?

By brings the drill cutting up to surface

How can the mud bring How can the mud bring the cutting?the cutting?

Mud Viscosity

11/20/2009

23

SCOMI OILTOOLS

What if failed?

Drill cuttings slipped to

bottom

Drill pipes get STUCK !!

Drill cuttings filled up the

annulus and bottom of the

hole

SCOMI OILTOOLS

What does the mud do ?

TO CONTROL FORMATION PRESSURE

How?How?

By provides Hydrostatic Pressure of the fluids column

How can the mud give How can the mud give Hydrostatic PressureHydrostatic Pressure

Mud Weight

11/20/2009

24

SCOMI OILTOOLS

What if failed ?

SCOMI OILTOOLS

K+

K+

What does the mud do ?

Potassium ion to

stabilize the clay

PHPA encapsulates

drill cutting to protect

it from mud filtrate

invasion

Form mud cake as

a thin wall to

protect formation

from mud filtrate

invasion

formation wellbore

11/20/2009

25

SCOMI OILTOOLS

What should it do with drill cutting

To be separated out from the mud

How?How?

Using Solid Control Equipments

What equipment?What equipment?

Screen

Hydroclones

Centrifuge

Solids to

discard

Clean

mud to be

recycle

Mud + Drill

cutting from

hole

screen

SCOMI OILTOOLS

What should it do with drill cutting

11/20/2009

26

SCOMI OILTOOLS

Solid Control Equipments

SHALE SHAKER

CENTRIFUGE

DESANDER

DESILTER

SCOMI OILTOOLS

Where do they put the Solid Control Equipments

on a Rig ?

ON TOP OF THE MUD TANKS

Just before the mud coming

out from down hole

returns to the mud tanks

11/20/2009

27

SCOMI OILTOOLS

Where do they put the Solid Control Equipments on the Rig ?

SHALE SHAKERDESANDERDESILTER

CENTRIFUGE

SCOMI OILTOOLS

Where do they put the Solid Control Equipments on the Rig ?

SHALE SHAKER

OVERFLOW

DESANDERDESILTERCENTRIFUGE

FROM

WELLBORE

UNDERFLOW UNDERFLOW UNDERFLOWUNDERFLOW

MIXING HOPER

MUD TREATMENT

(ADD CHEMICALS)

MUD PUMP

IN TO

WELLBORE

TANK # 2

SETTLING TANK

TANK # 3

DESANDER

TANK

TANK # 4

DESILTER TANK

TANK # 5

CENTRIFUGE

TANK

TANK # 6

SUCTION TANK

TANK # 1

SAND TRAP

TANK

11/20/2009

28

SCOMI OILTOOLS

Drilling Team

DRILLING CONTRACTORDRILLING FLUIDS

SOLID CONTROL

WIRELINE LOGGING

MEASURE WHILE DRILLING

MUD LOGGING

CASING

WELLHEAD

OTHER SUPPORTCEMENTING

DIRECTIONAL DRILLING

TUBULAR

OPERATOR

TRANSOCEANSCOMI OILTOOLS

SCOMI OILTOOLS

BAKER ATLAS

SCHLUMBERGER

GEOSERVICES

WEATHERFORD

CAMERON

OTHER SUPPORTBJ

HALLIBURTON

BAKER OILTOOLS

PETRONAS CARIGALI