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Introduction to Digital ModesCreede Lambard WA7KPK
INTRODUCTION TO DIGITAL MODES
Creede Lambard, WA7KPKMercury Northwest
November 2012
Introduction to Digital ModesCreede Lambard WA7KPK
What is a digital mode?
Introduction to Digital ModesCreede Lambard WA7KPK
What is a digital mode?
● Any amateur radio mode that can or must be received, presented, encoded and transmitted by the use of a computer or other dedicated digital device.
Introduction to Digital ModesCreede Lambard WA7KPK
The first digital mode
Introduction to Digital ModesCreede Lambard WA7KPK
The first digital mode
● Morse code!
Introduction to Digital ModesCreede Lambard WA7KPK
The first digital mode
● Morse code!
Introduction to Digital ModesCreede Lambard WA7KPK
The first digital mode
● Morse code● CW
Introduction to Digital ModesCreede Lambard WA7KPK
The first digital mode
● Morse code● CW● Frequency-Shift Keying (FSK)
Introduction to Digital ModesCreede Lambard WA7KPK
Radioteletype (RTTY)
Introduction to Digital ModesCreede Lambard WA7KPK
Radioteletype (RTTY)
● Developed when AM was king
Introduction to Digital ModesCreede Lambard WA7KPK
Radioteletype (RTTY)
● Developed when AM was king● War surplus Teletype machines
Introduction to Digital ModesCreede Lambard WA7KPK
Radioteletype (RTTY)
● Developed when AM was king● War surplus Teletype machines● Uses FSK on both sidebands
Introduction to Digital ModesCreede Lambard WA7KPK
Radioteletype (RTTY)
● Developed when AM was king● War surplus Teletype machines● Uses FSK on both sidebands● Uses Baudot encoding (5 bits)
Introduction to Digital ModesCreede Lambard WA7KPK
Packet Radio
Introduction to Digital ModesCreede Lambard WA7KPK
Packet Radio
● Sort of an “internet via amateur radio”
Introduction to Digital ModesCreede Lambard WA7KPK
Packet Radio
● Sort of an “internet via amateur radio”● First became feasible in 1980 when the
FCC allowed transmission of ASCII via ham radio
Introduction to Digital ModesCreede Lambard WA7KPK
Packet Radio
● Sort of an “internet via amateur radio”● First became feasible in 1980 when the
FCC allowed transmission of ASCII via ham radio
● Primarily uses dedicated equipment for communication (TNC)
Introduction to Digital ModesCreede Lambard WA7KPK
Packet Radio
● Sort of an “internet via amateur radio”● First became feasible in 1980 when the
FCC allowed transmission of ASCII via ham radio
● Primarily uses dedicated equipment for communication (TNC)
● Does error correcting
Introduction to Digital ModesCreede Lambard WA7KPK
Personal Computers & Sound Cards
Introduction to Digital ModesCreede Lambard WA7KPK
Personal Computers & Sound Cards
● RTTY modem software developed for PC
Introduction to Digital ModesCreede Lambard WA7KPK
Personal Computers & Sound Cards
● RTTY modem software developed for PC● PC software emulating a TNC is available
Introduction to Digital ModesCreede Lambard WA7KPK
Personal Computers & Sound Cards
● RTTY modem software developed for PC● PC software emulating a TNC is available● Research on creating narrow-bandwidth
PC-based modes
Introduction to Digital ModesCreede Lambard WA7KPK
Personal Computers & Sound Cards
● RTTY modem software developed for PC● PC software emulating a TNC is available● Research on creating narrow-bandwidth
PC-based modes● FCC allows ASCII transmission
Introduction to Digital ModesCreede Lambard WA7KPK
Personal Computers & Sound Cards
● RTTY modem software developed for PC● PC software emulating a TNC is available● Research on creating narrow-bandwidth
PC-based modes● FCC allows ASCII transmission● FCC allows other encodings provided they
are published into the public domain
Introduction to Digital ModesCreede Lambard WA7KPK
Introduction to Digital ModesCreede Lambard WA7KPK
Introduction to Digital ModesCreede Lambard WA7KPK
Introduction to Digital ModesCreede Lambard WA7KPK
PSK-31
Introduction to Digital ModesCreede Lambard WA7KPK
PSK-31
● Created by Peter Martinez (G3PLX) in 1998
Introduction to Digital ModesCreede Lambard WA7KPK
PSK-31
● Created by Peter Martinez (G3PLX) in 1998
● Stands for “phase shift keying”
Introduction to Digital ModesCreede Lambard WA7KPK
PSK-31
● Created by Peter Martinez (G3PLX) in 1998
● Stands for “phase shift keying”● Bandwidth: 31 hz
Introduction to Digital ModesCreede Lambard WA7KPK
PSK-31
● Created by Peter Martinez (G3PLX) in 1998
● Stands for “phase shift keying”● Bandwidth: 31 hz● 80-90 QSOs in the width of a typical SSB
signal
Introduction to Digital ModesCreede Lambard WA7KPK
PSK-31
Introduction to Digital ModesCreede Lambard WA7KPK
PSK-31
● Created by Peter Martinez (G3PLX) in 1998
● Stands for “phase shift keying”● Bandwidth: 31 hz● 80-90 QSOs in the width of a typical SSB
signal● Does not do error correcting
Introduction to Digital ModesCreede Lambard WA7KPK
Other Digital Modes
Introduction to Digital ModesCreede Lambard WA7KPK
Other Digital Modes
● Drinking from the firehose!
Introduction to Digital ModesCreede Lambard WA7KPK
Other Digital Modes
● Olivia MFSK
Introduction to Digital ModesCreede Lambard WA7KPK
Other Digital Modes
● Olivia MFSK● Developed by Pavel Jalocha (SP9VRC), 2003● Named after his daughter
Introduction to Digital ModesCreede Lambard WA7KPK
Other Digital Modes
● Olivia MFSK
Introduction to Digital ModesCreede Lambard WA7KPK
Other Digital Modes
● Olivia MFSK● Developed by Pavel Jalocha (SP9VRC), 2003● Named after his daughter● FEC enabled
Introduction to Digital ModesCreede Lambard WA7KPK
Other Digital Modes
● Olivia MFSK● Developed by Pavel Jalocha (SP9VRC), 2003● Named after his daughter● FEC enabled● Can be decoded even when below the noise
floor
Introduction to Digital ModesCreede Lambard WA7KPK
Other Digital Modes
● MT63
Introduction to Digital ModesCreede Lambard WA7KPK
Other Digital Modes
● MT63● Also developed by Jalocha● Similar in some ways to Olivia
Introduction to Digital ModesCreede Lambard WA7KPK
Other Digital Modes
● MT63● Also developed by Jalocha● Similar in some ways to Olivia● Used for emergency communications due to
robust FEC
Introduction to Digital ModesCreede Lambard WA7KPK
Other Digital Modes
● Several other modes● DominoEX● Thor● Throb● Hellschreiber
Introduction to Digital ModesCreede Lambard WA7KPK
JT65
Introduction to Digital ModesCreede Lambard WA7KPK
JT65
● “Music Box” mode
Introduction to Digital ModesCreede Lambard WA7KPK
JT65
● Developed by Joe Taylor, K1JT
Introduction to Digital ModesCreede Lambard WA7KPK
JT65
● Developed by Joe Taylor, K1JT● Also chair of astrophysics department at
Princeton
Introduction to Digital ModesCreede Lambard WA7KPK
JT65
● Developed by Joe Taylor, K1JT● Also chair of astrophysics department at
Princeton● Also Nobel Prize laureate in physics
Introduction to Digital ModesCreede Lambard WA7KPK
JT65
● Developed by Joe Taylor, K1JT● Also chair of astrophysics department at
Princeton● Also Nobel Prize laureate in physics
● Based in meteor scatter and EME
Introduction to Digital ModesCreede Lambard WA7KPK
JT65
● Developed by Joe Taylor, K1JT● Also chair of astrophysics department at
Princeton● Also Nobel Prize laureate in physics
● Based in meteor scatter and EME● Not a keyboard-to-keyboard mode● Based on the minimal information
necessary to conduct a QSO
Introduction to Digital ModesCreede Lambard WA7KPK
JT65
Introduction to Digital ModesCreede Lambard WA7KPK
A typical JT65 QSO
Introduction to Digital ModesCreede Lambard WA7KPK
A typical JT65 QSO
● CQ WA7KPK CN87● (each transmission is one minute long)● (CQ was sent on an even minute)
Introduction to Digital ModesCreede Lambard WA7KPK
A typical JT65 QSO
● CQ WA7KPK CN87● WA7KPK JH1KYA PM95
● (reply was sent on an odd minute)
Introduction to Digital ModesCreede Lambard WA7KPK
A typical JT65 QSO
● CQ WA7KPK CN87● WA7KPK JH1KYA PM95● JH1KYA WA7KPK -15
Introduction to Digital ModesCreede Lambard WA7KPK
A typical JT65 QSO
● CQ WA7KPK CN87● WA7KPK JH1KYA PM95● JH1KYA WA7KPK -15● WA7KPK JH1KYA R-10
Introduction to Digital ModesCreede Lambard WA7KPK
A typical JT65 QSO
● CQ WA7KPK CN87● WA7KPK JH1KYA PM95● JH1KYA WA7KPK -15● WA7KPK JH1KYA R-10● JH1KYA WA7KPK RRR
Introduction to Digital ModesCreede Lambard WA7KPK
A typical JT65 QSO
● CQ WA7KPK CN87● WA7KPK JH1KYA PM95● JH1KYA WA7KPK -15● WA7KPK JH1KYA R-10● JH1KYA WA7KPK RRR● WA7KPK JH1KYA 73
Introduction to Digital ModesCreede Lambard WA7KPK
A typical JT65 QSO
● CQ WA7KPK CN87● WA7KPK JH1KYA PM95● JH1KYA WA7KPK -15● WA7KPK JH1KYA R-10● JH1KYA WA7KPK RRR● WA7KPK JH1KYA 73● 30W DPL TU 73
Introduction to Digital ModesCreede Lambard WA7KPK
Hardware requirements
Introduction to Digital ModesCreede Lambard WA7KPK
Hardware requirements
● Transceiver (of course)
Introduction to Digital ModesCreede Lambard WA7KPK
Hardware requirements
● Transceiver (of course)● Computer (the faster the better, especially
for higher-latency modes like JT65 or Olivia)
Introduction to Digital ModesCreede Lambard WA7KPK
Hardware requirements
● Transceiver (of course)● Computer (the faster the better, especially
for higher-latency modes like JT65 or Olivia)
● Sound card or dedicated USB device (e.g. Signalink or Rigblaster)
Introduction to Digital ModesCreede Lambard WA7KPK
Hardware requirements
● Transceiver (of course)● Computer (the faster the better, especially
for higher-latency modes like JT65 or Olivia)
● Sound card or dedicated USB device (e.g. Signalink or Rigblaster)
● Cables to connect radio to computer
Introduction to Digital ModesCreede Lambard WA7KPK
Software
Introduction to Digital ModesCreede Lambard WA7KPK
Software
● Ham Radio Deluxe● Very comprehensive (read: steep learning
curve)● Includes most digital modes● Current version (5.0) is donationware; next
version (6.0) will be $60● Numerous other bells and whistles● Windows only
Introduction to Digital ModesCreede Lambard WA7KPK
Software
● Fldigi● Reasonably fast● Keyboard-to-keyboard modes only (no JT65)● Developer is very responsive● Associated utilities: flrig (rig control), flmsg, etc.● Windows/Linux/Mac
Introduction to Digital ModesCreede Lambard WA7KPK
Software
● JT65-HF● JT65 and similar modes only (no keyboard-to-
keyboard)● IMO much superior to the original JT65
software for HF use● Developer in poor health● Windows only; Linux version does not work on
recent distributions
Introduction to Digital ModesCreede Lambard WA7KPK
Software
● Others
Introduction to Digital ModesCreede Lambard WA7KPK
Software
● Your favorite browser● Useful for propagation maps, callsign lookups,
help with your program, etc.● Logging program (your preference)
Introduction to Digital ModesCreede Lambard WA7KPK
My digital software setup
Introduction to Digital ModesCreede Lambard WA7KPK
Comments/questions?
Introduction to Digital ModesCreede Lambard WA7KPK
This deck will be available at
http://www.lambard.net/radio/
digitalmodes.ppt
Introduction to Digital ModesCreede Lambard WA7KPK
Thank you!!
73 ES GUD DXDE WA7KPK!!