Presented by:

Khushbakhat Nida MME-13-25

Maria Iqbal MME-13-26

Nishat Riaz MME-13-27

Institute of Advanced Materials, BZU, Multan

Dental Materials

What is Dental Material?

Dental materials are specially fabricated materials, designed for use in dentistry.

The main goal in dentistry is to maintain or improve the quality of life through replacement or alteration of tooth structure.

Characteristics of Dental Material

Biocompatible Bond permanently to tooth structure Aesthetic appearance Properties similar to those of tooth tissues

Classification:

Amalgams Composite resins Ceramic-resin hybrid Glass ionomers

Amalgams:

Metallic filling material composed of:Mercury (43% to 54%) Alloy powder (57% to 46%)

Silver Tin Copper Zinc

•Requires cements for adherence

Properties:

Strength Durable Hardness Toughness Wear resistance Biocompatible Cost effectiveness

Drawbacks:

Unnatural appearance Toxicity of mercury Corrosion/ tarnish

Composite resins:

White fillings Mixture of powdered glass and plastic resin Resemble the appearance of the natural

tooth

Properties:

Harden with light exposure Bonding with tooth structure Strength and toughness Corrosion resistant Wear resistant

Advantages:

Cosmetically superior to amalgam fillings Used to fill carious lesion

Drawbacks:

BPA containing resins Causes cancer Affected by moisture contamination Shrinkage upon curing Amalgam last up to 20% longer than similar

composite restoration

Ceramic-resin hybrids:

Nano ceramic particles embedded in a resin matrix

Combines the properties of composite and ceramic

Widely used in dentistry because of chemical durability and biocompatibility

Properties:

Less brittleShock absorbingWear resistantHardAbrasion resistantHigh fracture toughnessStrength

Glass Ionomers:

Mixture of glass and organic acid Initially used to replace the lost osseous

tissues in human body No need of bonding agents

Properties:

Tooth-colored but aesthetic potential inferior than composite resins

Biocompatible to dental pulp No shrinkage No micro-leakage Release fluoride Good hardness Abrasion and wear resistant

Drawbacks:

Low strength Low toughness

Applications of dental materials:

Temporary dressing

Dental restoration

Dental implants

Impression materials

The End!

THANK YOU!