introduction to cyberspace joel crichlow, ph.d.. we will talk about: a definition of cyberspace ...
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![Page 1: Introduction to Cyberspace Joel Crichlow, Ph.D.. We will talk about: A definition of Cyberspace Cloud Computing The Computer Network Some Services](https://reader038.vdocuments.us/reader038/viewer/2022110208/56649dbf5503460f94ab2d0a/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Introduction to Cyberspace
Joel Crichlow, Ph.D.
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We will talk about: A definition of Cyberspace Cloud Computing The Computer Network Some Services Key Design Issues Software Architecture
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What is Cyberspace? The communication environment supported by computer networks.
Cloud
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Cloud computing Pay-per-use service alias Pay-as-you-go model
◦ Uses a multi-tenant architecture to deliver several categories of service
Software as a Service (SaaS)◦ Delivers a single application
Platform as a Service (PaaS)◦ Delivers development environments
Infrastructure as a Service (Iaas)◦ Delivers storage, virtual machines, etc
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The Computer Network Hosts and Communications Subnet
WAN – Wide Area Network
LAN – Local Area Network
PSNs – Packet Switching Nodes◦ switches, hubs, bridges, gateways, routers
Computer network (hidden) network
User’s computer
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The Computer Network Protocols
◦ Arpanet – Advanced Research Projects Agency Network◦ Internet◦ ISO/OSI – International Organization for Standardization/Open Systems
Interconnection◦ TCP/IP – Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol
Computer network (hidden) network
User’s computer
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Protocols
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Services
Email and Messaging◦ DNS – Domain Name System◦ SMTP – Simple Mail Transfer Protocol◦ TCP/IP – Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol
WWW◦ HTML – HyperText Markup Language◦ HTTP – HyperText Transfer Protocol◦ XML – eXtensible Markup Language
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Domain Naming system
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Html web display
Dr. Joel Crichlow
Office Address: Computer Science, Robinson Hall Rowan University Glassboro , NJ 08028 Office: (856) 256-4500 ext 3278 Fax: (856) 256-4741 Email: [email protected]
Qualifications, Awards and Attachments | Employment History | Research | Publications | More
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Html file<HEADER> <TITLE>Joel Crichlow</TITLE></HEADER> <BODY> <p> <H1>Dr. Joel Crichlow</H1> <P> <HR><HR> Office Address: <BR> <DL><DD> <EM>Computer Science, Robinson Hall</EM> <br> <EM><a href="http://www.rowan.edu">Rowan University</a></EM> <BR> <EM>Glassboro , <A HREF="http://dir.yahoo.com/Regional/U_S__States/New_Jersey/" >NJ</A> 08028</EM> <BR> Office: <EM>(856) 256-4500 ext 3278</EM> <BR> Fax: <EM>(856) 256-4741</EM> <BR> Email: <EM>[email protected]</EM> </DL> <P> <a href="http://elvis.rowan.edu/~crichlow/Qualifications.htm">Qualifications, Awards and Attachments</a> | <a href="http://elvis.row an.edu/~crichlow/Employment.htm">Employment History</a> | <a href="http://elvis.rowan.edu/~crichlow/Research.htm">Research</a> | <a href="http://elvis.rowan.edu/~crichlow/Publications.htm">Publications</a> | <a href="http://elvis.rowan.edu/~crichlow/more.htm">More </a>
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ServicesSocial Networking
Facebook, Twitter, LinkedIn
Short Message Service (SMS)
Open source software
LAMP web application software stack◦ Linux, Apache, MySQL and PHP
In-house development◦ HipHop, Thrift and Cassandra
Memcached: a distributed memory caching system
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ServicesSocial networking
Users/Browsers/
Web Clients
Web Servers
Distributed Database
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Services Multimedia Transfer
◦ MPEG – Motion Picture Experts Group◦ MP3 - MPEG Audio Layer 3
Distributed Computation
Distributed applications
DCM middleware
Host OS and network service
Distributed applications
DCM middleware
Host OS and network service
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Services Distributed Transaction Processing
Transaction
manager
Replica
manager
Transaction
manager
Replica
manager
network
trans trans
Data
manager
Data
manager
database database
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Services E-Commerce
payer payee
Acquiring
institution
Issuing
institution
Flow of money
network authorization
Payment order
notification
Request
1
2
3
4
5
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Services Distributed Real-Time Processing
Dev ice
Comp
Sensor Actuator
Device
Comp
Sensor Actuator
Device
Comp
Network
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Issues
Naming◦ Globally unique, Domains, Location
Sharing◦ Authentication, Access rights◦ Scheduling, Coordinating, Synchronizing◦ Resolving conflicts
Availability and reliability◦ Up-time, Responsive, Correct
Replication◦ Copies made and stored at separate sites◦ Load sharing, Improved throughput, Improved availability
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Issues Privacy and Security
◦ Passwords, Access Control Lists, Capabilities◦ Encryption, Memory Protection◦ Intrusion blockers
Communication◦ Protocols aplenty
Concurrency and Synchronization◦ Race Conditions◦ Critical Regions◦ Locks
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Issues Time and Coordination
◦ What is the time?◦ Ordering of events
Fault Tolerance and Recovery◦ Redundant elements◦ Logging schemes◦ Back-ups◦ Time-outs◦ Retransmissions
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IssuesScalability
◦ Cannot assume a static configuration◦ Plan for growth◦ How about reduction?
User-System Interface◦ Look and Feel
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Software architectureProcess Groups
Process – The executing program
Messages must be delivered to all the processes
Activities of the processes must be synchronized
Group Membership◦ Membership List◦ Join◦ Leave
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Software ArchitectureClient-Server
NetworkClient
ServerClient
Client
Client
Shared
resourceWorkstations
For example:A database
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Software architectureP2P: peer-to-peer
client client
Server
client client
Server
client
network
peerpeer
Symmetrical Arrangement
For example: File sharing
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We covered: A definition of Cyberspace Cloud Computing The Computer Network Some Services Key Design Issues Software Architecture