Introduction to Computers and Information Systems

CE 100:

Module 1: Hardware

CPU (Central Processing Unit)

Hard Disk

RAM (Random Access Memory)

2

Computers have:

CPU (Central Processing Unit):

Does the ‘thinking’

speed measured in gigahertz

3

Computers have:

RAM (Random Access Memory):

Working memory; quick memory

ROM (Read-only Memory)

4

Computers have:

Hard disk:

Permanent storage (bank vault)

5

Computers have:

Items that can be seen, touched

Have a physical presence

Tangible

6

Hardware:

Cannot be seen or touched

Has no physical presence

Intangible

Programs are software

7

Software:

Two types of software:

operating systems

software for the machine

applications software

software for the humans

8

Software:

9

Software:

Applications“Programs”You

YourComputer’sHardware

Operating system

10

Software:

Common operating systems:

Windows (Windows 7)

Mac OS (Mac OS X Lion)

Linux (OS + distribution)

Google Chrome OS*

11

Software:

Common applications:Word processorSpreadsheetDatabasePresentationE-mailBrowsingPhoto editing

Mainframe

Personal computers:

Desktop (not portable)

Laptop (portable)

Notebook (portable)

Tablet12

Types of computers:

Laptop versus notebook:

notebook is new name for laptop

notebooks do not have CD drivesbut have plugs for external

13

Types of computers:

Tablet:

A notebook with a touch sensitivescreen and no keyboard

14

Types of computers:

Mobile devices:

smartphones/iPhone

PDAs

multimedia player (iPod)

15

Types of computers:

Smartphones:

Combines phone, with PDA,

camera, multimedia player, web

Browser, etc.

16

Types of computers:

PDA (Personal Digital Assistant):

Originally: used a stylus for inputand had to be synched

Today: much a like a smartphone.a combination device.

17

Types of computers:

Multimedia player (iPod):

Plays music/movies

18

Types of computers:

USB (Universal Serial Bus)

Firewire

Serial

Parallel

19

Input/output ports:

Many things influence speed:

size of CPU

size of RAM

size of graphics card memory

programs (processes) running

presence of malware/viruses20

Computer speed:

11,000

1,000,0001,000,000,000

Computers use bits of data

8 bits = letter, number, color, sound

8 bits = 1 byte

21

Sizes:

TeraGigaMegaKilo

MouseKeyboardTrackballScannerTouchpadStylusJoystickWeb cameramicrophone 22

Input devices:

23

Input devices:

MonitorPrinterSpeakersHeadphones

24

Output devices:

Both input and output:

touchscreens

25

Hybrid devices:

Voice recognition (word processing)

Screen readers

Screen magnifiers

On-screen keyboards

26

Devices and accessibility:

WAN (Wide Area Network)

connects ISPs

LAN (Local Area Network)

connects organizations

PAN (Personal Area Network; Bluetooth)

connects you to yourself 27

Types of networks:

28

Types of networks:

29

Types of networks:

Client-server: a type of network

Clients: people using the network

Servers: computers that have a job:MailFilePrintweb

30

Connecting to a network:

RJ-11

Modem

RJ-45

NIC

31

Types of networks:

Connection is:

Dial-up or 56 kbps

Broadband (ADSL)

costs morefasterflat-fee

Introduction to Computers and Information Systems

CE 100:

Semester Meeting