INTRODUCTION TO CLOUD COMPUTINGBy Unmesh Ballal – Practice Manager,

Nilesh Farkade – Open Source Tech Lead

Parallel Minds Technology Solutions

WHAT ARE THE GROWING IT NEEDS ?

• Increase capacity of Servers and network infrastructures

• Need to Reduce Costs • Pay per use service instead of enterprise wide licensing• Utility style infrastructure provisioning• Use Software as Service providers to reduce cost

• Interface and integrate External Web Applications and Web Services • Consuming web services, • Access Outsourced Business Services

• External Commerce platforms for trading

• Access to roaming users

• Internet integration services

CLOUD COMPUTING ATTEMPTS TO SOLVE THE GROWING IT NEEDS

DEFINING CLOUD COMPUTING

• As a metaphor for the Internet, "the cloud" is a familiar cliché, but when combined with "computing," the meaning gets bigger and fuzzier. Some analysts and vendors define cloud computing narrowly as an updated version of utility computing: basically virtual servers available over the Internet. Others go very broad, arguing anything you consume outside the firewall is "in the cloud," including conventional outsourcing.

CLOUD COMPUTING SHARES CHARACTERISTICS WITH

• Peer-to-peer — A distributed architecture without the need for central coordination. Participants are both suppliers and consumers of resources (in contrast to the traditional client–server model).

• Client–server model — Client–server computing refers broadly to any distributed application that distinguishes between service providers (servers) and service requestors (clients).

• Utility computing — The "packaging of computing resources, such as computation and storage, as a metered service similar to a traditional public utility, such as electricity”

• Grid computing — "A form of distributed and parallel computing, whereby a 'super and virtual computer' is composed of a cluster of networked, loosely coupled computers acting in concert to perform very large tasks."

• Mainframe computer — Powerful computers used mainly by large organizations for critical applications, typically bulk data processing such as: census; industry and consumer statistics; police and secret intelligence services; enterprise resource planning; and financial transaction processing

CLOUD COMPUTING EXHIBITS THE FOLLOWING KEY CHARACTERISTICS -2

• Agility

• Application programming interface

• Cost

• Device and location independence

• Multitenancy - enables sharing of resources and costs across a large pool of users thus allowing for

• centralization of infrastructure in locations with lower costs (such as real estate, electricity, etc.)

• peak-load capacity increases (users need not engineer for highest possible load-levels)

• utilization and efficiency improvements for systems that are often only 10–20% utilized

CLOUD COMPUTING EXHIBITS THE FOLLOWING KEY CHARACTERISTICS-3

• Performance is monitored, and consistent and loosely coupled architectures are constructed using web services as the system interface

• Productivity may be increased when multiple users can work on the same data simultaneously, rather than waiting for it to be saved and emailed. Time may be saved as information does not need to be re-entered when fields are matched, nor do users need to install application software upgrades to their computer

• Reliability improves with the use of multiple redundant sites, which makes well-designed cloud computing suitable for business continuity and disaster recovery

• Scalability and elasticity via dynamic ("on-demand") provisioning of resources on a fine-grained, self-service basis in near

• Security can improve due to centralization of data, increased security-focused resources, etc., but concerns can persist about loss of control over certain sensitive data, and the lack of security for stored kernels

MORE CLOUD COMPUTING CHARACTERISTICS

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Common Characteristics:

Low Cost Software

Virtualization Service Orientation

Advanced Security

Homogeneity

Massive Scale Resilient Computing

Geographic Distribution

Essential Characteristics:

Resource Pooling

Broad Network Access Rapid Elasticity

Measured Service

On Demand Self-Service

Adopted from: Effectively and Securely Using the Cloud Computing Paradigm by peter Mell, Tim Grance

Web Services

Application

Development

Platform

Storage

Hosting

CLOUD COMPUTING SERVICE LAYERS

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DescriptionServices – Complete business services such as PayPal, OpenID, OAuth, Google Maps, Alexa

Services

Application

Focused

Infrastructure

Focused

Application – Cloud based software that eliminates the need for local installation such as Google Apps, Microsoft Online

Storage – Data storage or cloud based NAS such as CTERA, iDisk, CloudNAS

Development – Software development platforms used to build custom cloud based applications (PAAS & SAAS) such as SalesForcePlatform – Cloud based platforms, typically provided using virtualization, such as Amazon ECC, Sun Grid

Hosting – Physical data centers such as those run by IBM, HP, NaviSite, etc.

SERVICE MODELS

• Software as a Service (SaaS) - The applications are accessible from various client devices through either a thin client interface, such as a web browser (e.g., web-based email), or a program interface.

• Platform as a Service (PaaS) - The capability provided to the consumer is to deploy onto the cloud infrastructure consumer-created or acquired applications created using programming languages, libraries, services, and tools supported by the provider.

• Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS) - The capability provided to the consumer is to provision processing, storage, networks, and other fundamental computing resources where the consumer is able to deploy and run arbitrary software, which can include operating systems and applications

SAAS MATURITY MODEL

Level 2: Configurable per customer

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Source: Frederick Chong and Gianpaolo Carraro, “Architectures Strategies for Catching the Long Tail”

Level 3: configurable & Multi-Tenant-Efficient

Level 1: Ad-Hoc/Custom – One Instance per customer

Level 4: Scalable, Configurable & Multi-Tenant-Efficient

DEPLOYMENT MODELS

• Private Cloud - The cloud infrastructure is provisioned for exclusive use by a single organization comprising multiple consumers (e.g., business units).

• Community Cloud - The cloud infrastructure is provisioned for exclusive use by a specific community of consumers from organizations that have shared concerns (e.g., mission, security requirements, policy, and compliance considerations)

• Public Cloud - The cloud infrastructure is provisioned for open use by the general public. It may be owned, managed, and operated by a business, academic, or government organization, or some combination of them

• Hybrid Cloud - The cloud infrastructure is a composition of two or more distinct cloud infrastructures (private, community, or public) that remain unique entities, but are bound together by standardized or proprietary technology that enables data and application portability

CLOUD APPLICATION ARCHITECTURE

AMAZON DEMO

• Setting up with Amazon EC2

• Configure instances

• Monitoring

• Storage

MAGIC QUADRANT FOR PUBLIC CLOUD INFRASTRUCTURE

MAGIC QUADRANT FOR APP PLATFORM AS A SERVICE

OIL AND GAS INDUSTRY – CASE STUDY

• Growing Demand for real-time, web-based Human Machine Interfaces (HMIs) and

• Problem• Control and Data Acquisition Cloud solutions is mandated• Traditional solutions require installation and maintenance of a PC at site• Remote users do not have internet access

• Solution• Add features to extend application for web-based interface• Each of these local devices is connected to the cloud-based via cellular or

satellite connections• Access daily production report since data is stored in cloud• Further enhancements for monitoring is possible

WHAT ARE CLOUD ROADBLOCKS

• Privacy Concern

• Lack of trust for user profile

• Network Bandwidth could be a problem

• Availability and Reliability

• Increasing Storage Requirements - Data Volumes – Calls for Big Data

• Increasing Data Velocity – Calls for Big Data

FUTURE OF CLOUD COMPUTING

• Cloud is strategic

• Cloud is powering innovation

• Legacy applications are transitioning

• Internet of things

• Mobile application ecosystem

• Cloud-based syncing and storage technology

• Cost effective solution for consolidating physical infrastructure. E.g. smart cities initiatives

Q&A

REFERENCES

• http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cloud_computing

• http://www.webgranth.com/a-complete-reference-to-cloud-computing

• http://www.infoworld.com/d/cloud-computing/what-cloud-computing-really-means-031

• Getting started with Amazon EC2 instances:http://docs.aws.amazon.com/AWSEC2/latest/UserGuide/EC2_GetStarted.html

• http://www.automation.com/library/case-studies/cloud-computing-for-the-oil-and-gas-industry

• http://www.csc.com/big_data/offerings/82345/105621-big_data_platform_as_a_service

• http://social.technet.microsoft.com/wiki/contents/articles/4633.what-is-infrastructure-as-a-service.aspx

• http://vertical-cloud.com/2012/03/23/cloud-and-globalization/