Introduction to Anatomy and Physiology

Vocabulary Review

Review the definition for each word, then write a sentence using the word correctly to compare the locations of body regions. Superior Anterior Deep Medial proximal

Hippocrates Leonardo De Vinci

William Harvey

Rene LaennecJoseph Lister

Claude Bernard

1. FIND AN ACCIDENTAL

DISCOVERY THAT HELPED TO FURTHER THE STUDY OF THE HUMAN BODY.

2. WHO WAS WILHELM

ROENTGEN? WHAT IMPORTANT CONTRIBUTION DID HE MAKE TO THE FIELD OF ANATOMY?

Warm-up

You are give the task of efficiently moving water from a local creek to fill a nearby pond. Describe the system you would design in order to accomplish this task.

Anatomy and Physiology Anatomy

“ana”= “tome”= Morphology

Physiology “physis”= “logos”=

Why study them together? Principle of

Complimentarity “Form follows function” Hand formed with jointed

fingers in order to grab and hold.

Bones function to support and protect therefore they are formed from rigid minerals.

What professions would need to have a background in A & P?

Anatomy and Physiology: Structure meets Function

Anatomy: Structure of the human body; different levels of the science of anatomy Gross Regional Systemic Surface Microscopic developmental

Physiology: looks at HOW specific systems work Focuses on cellular and molecular levels Uses other branches of science Subdivisions:

Neurophysiology Renal physiology kinesiology

Levels of Structural Organization

Hierarchy of structural design to the human body (figure 1.3 p. 4) Chemical (atomic) Cellular Tissue Organ Organ system Organism

Characteristics of Life p. 4

Consider traits that humans share with other organisms. Movement Responsiveness Growth Reproduction Respiration

(cont’d) Digestion Absorption Circulation Assimilation excretion

Maintaining Life p. 5

Requirements heat food water oxygen Pressure shelter

Homeostasis Ability to maintain a

constant internal environment

Done through a number of self-regulating control systems

Elimination & Why

Absorption Stomach Kidneys Excretion Urinary system

Eliminate one of the words from the list and explain why it does not belong.

CharacteristicBody covering

Organ System1.integumentary

Function1.Protect underlying tissue, regulate body, temp, house sensory receptors

Support & Movement 1.Skeltal system2.Muscular system

1.Provides framework and protects2.Generates heat, maintains posture, movement

Integration & Coordination 1.Nervous system2. Endocrine System

1. Takes in data, processes data2. Provides chemical messengers

Transport 1.Cardiovascular system2. Lymphatic System

1. Transports gases, nutrients, and wastes2. Reabsorbs tissue fluid

Absorption & Excretion 1.Digestive system2.Respiratory system3. Urinary system

1.Breaks down nutrients2. Gas exchange3. Remove waste and maintain electrolyte balance

Reproduction: Female Male

1. Reproductive system 1. Produces new organism

Organization of the Human Body Human body can be

divided into an axial and appendicular portion. Axial portion contains all

the major body cavities Membranes

Parietal pleura covers the wall of cavity

Visceral pleura covers the organ

Body Planes

Describe the following terms: Sagittal plane Transverse plane Coronal plane

Organization of the Human Body Define the following

terms. Terms are located on pp. 8-11. Axial Appendicular Parietal Visceral Pleural membranes Pericardial membranes Peritoneal membranes

The following terms are listed on p. 14. Anatomical position Superior Inferior Anterior Posterior Medial Lateral Proximal Distal Superficial (peripheral) Deep

Rules for drawings.

Each drawing should be: Head each sheet with your name, due date, and

period Done in pencil Colored On a separate piece of paper Labeled with the figure number, page number, title

and description. COMPLETE

Draw, label, and turn in the following

Figure 1.8 (a) and (b) p. 9 Major body cavities.

Figure 1.9 p. 10 Cavities within the head Figure 1.13 p. 15 Body sections Figure 1.16 p. 17 (a) and (b) Body regions