introduction studies on the amazon rainforest often face challenges from handling diverse...
TRANSCRIPT
Introduction
Studies on the Amazon rainforest often face challenges from handling diverse environmental data and complex technologies in image analysis,
spatial modeling and data mining. These challenges have called for the development of an integrated system to assist studies of this nature.
The system was initiated for the IU-ISU (Indiana University – Indiana State University) joint project, Human and Physical Dimensions of Land
Use/Cover Change in Amazonia: Forest Regeneration and Landscape Structure under The Large Scale Biosphere-Atmosphere Experiment in
Amazonia (LBA). The information system was designed to be a comprehensive information management system to manage all sampling data on
soils, forest, species, land use, and spectral library, and satellite remotely-sensed data and related thematic maps. The first information system was
implemented in two separate sub-systems which targeted different aspects of information management and analysis for the project. An integrated
system, named as the Amazon Information System (AIS), was first assembled in 2001 and migrated to the current version in 2002.
Integration of Data and Actions
References1. Amazon Information System User’s Guide (2002).
2. Amazon Information System Developer’s Guide (2002).
3. http://139.102.60.113/ais
Conclusion
The AIS is a tool that integrates spatial data, non-spatial data, and applications. The
advantages of this approach are manifest in the following conveniences : (1) Economic
versioning management; (2) Effortless team-cooperation with the proper framework; (3) Easy
distribution to web and other applications; and (4) Flexible extension support.
The three-tier architecture that AIS is migrating to offers the following advantages: (1) Less
security concern; (2) More scalable applications; (3) Accessible to many users
simultaneously; and (4) More cost-effective installation and support
ADA: Known Regulatory Regions
An Object-Oriented Approach to Integrate Remote Sensing, GIS and Statistics in the Amazon Rainforest Study
Genong (Eugene) Yua1, Paul W. Mausela2, Ryan R. Jensena3, Eduardo S. Brondiziob4, Emilio F. Moranb5 , and Vijay O. Lullaa6
a. Department of Geography, Geology and Anthropology, Indiana State University, Terre Haute, IN 47807, USA; b. ACT/Department of Anthropology, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN 47405, USA.
(Emails: 1. [email protected]; 2. [email protected]; 3. [email protected]; 4. [email protected]; 5. [email protected]; 6. [email protected].)
What is the AIS?
The Amazon Information System is a comprehensive system consisting of both data and functions. Data associated with the system are all
the geophysical data for the Amazonian ecosystems, including soils, forests, species, land use, spectral library, satellite remotely-sensed
images and related thematic maps.
The functions under construction are neural network analysis, generic modeler, radiometric correction, and biomass modeling. The
framework is under reconstruction to facilitate the expansion of functions and the adaptability of the system.
What are the user groups? The new Amazon Information System provides information and
analysis support for three groups of researchers and scientists: (1) Scientists from Indiana
State University who require functions on spectral analysis, spectral data management and
system administration; (2) Scientists from Indiana University who require the functional
support in managing and analyzing field data, geophysical parameters, and human factors,
and (3) LBA scientists who may need to access some field data and use the models
developed in the project.
IU LBA Groups
The LBA Project
ISU LBA Groups
Field data queryingGeophysical parameters calculation….
Spectral managementSystem administration…
Querying the dataLearn the models….
AIS
Object Oriented Approach
The biggest improvement was
made on enhancing the use of
COM technology in building the
framework and the components in
the Amazon Information System.
Basic classes are listed in the figure
to the right. These classes can be
re-used and modified with
polymorphism, inheritance and
versioning.
Migration into a Three Tier Architecture
The AIS will completely migrate from the current two-tier client/server
system into a three tier client/server architecture, to take advantages of its
increased performance, flexibility, maintainability, reusability, and
scalability, while hiding the complexity of distributed processing from
users. The most important goal is to enable wide accessibility since two-
tier architecture is limited to 100 users considering the network traffic. In
the new three-tier architecture, the middleware will be the application
server and the spatial-web server that run on a shared host.
Integrated Framework
The unified framework provides the basic functions and consistent look and the flexibility for
user to customize.Menus
Frameworks
Toolbars
Data Analysis
Neural Networks Control
Viewers
Image View Control
Data Source
Raster Data Control
Vector Data Control
Signature Data Control
Neural Link Control
GreatTab Control
GreatButton Control
User Interface
Neural Node Control
Neural Neuron Control
In a Word or other ActiveX control enabled container……
This example demonstrates the steps to embed the Image View Control in a MS Word
document.
Steps:
1. Use the Control Toolbox toolbar to insert the ActiveX
controls you want as in the left figure.
2. Set properties.
3. Write a short macro or a short code segment in Visual
Basic for Applications (VBA) to customize the behavior
of the control.
A simple VBA code……
---------------------------------Option Explicit Private Sub
Document_Open()RSImage1.Band_B = 4RSImage1.Band_G = 3RSImage1.Band_R = 2RSImage1.LoadRSImage "c:\
Amazon\Data\Pedra91.hbs"
End Sub----------------------------------------
Amazon Information System
Analysis Display
Vegetation Indices Model
Statistical CalculationsSQL Query
Image Classification- Neural Network Classifier
Graphical Display of Spectral Pattern
Viewing and Updating the Database
Viewing Satellite Images
Sampling DataSpectralSoilTreeHerbaceous and Sapling
The unified system provides
a fundamentally common
interface, a shell-like
framework with flexibility
of customization, an
assembly of common object
model (COM) objects, and a
web-enabled presentation.
Smoothness is enhanced
with the proper prompt of
progress indication, the
integrated tools and toolbars
and menus, and the shared
data source controls.
NN
Spectral data
Field data
Images
Other tables
Data Servers
Application Servers
Presentation
Web Server
Data mining
Statistics
Biophysical
Modeling
Tabulated
Graphics
Images
Reports
Embedded Interactions
The objects can be re-used in the programming environment, browsers and word
document lively, and web-enabled. Their data binding can be changed and their
behaviors can be customized.
In a browser……
<html><head><title>RSImgView3.CAB</title></head><body> <object id="RSImage" width=500 height=500classid="CLSID:61039B28-BC20-11D3-B71D-0040C72D0104"codebase="RSImgView3.CAB#version=1,0,0,0"></object><script language="Vbscript"><!---RSImage.Band_B=5RSImage.Band_G=4RsImage.Band_R=3RSImage.ScaleMode=3RSImage.ImageFileName="Altam85.hbs"RSImage.ScaleHeight=1500RSImage.ScaleWidth=1500RSImage.LoadRSImage("h:\temp\RSImgView2\Altam85.hbs")----></script> </body></html>
In the programming environment……
It can be easily added and used through the
toolbar pad in Visual Studio environment.
Abstract
The challenges of handling diverse environmental data and complex technologies in image analysis, spatial modeling and data mining led to the
development of the Amazon Information System (AIS). The system is designed to (1) integrate a variety of spatial data associated with the
Amazonian ecosystems, including soils, forests, species, land use, spectral library, satellite remotely-sensed images and related thematic maps,
and (2) facilitate sophisticated functions of neural network analysis, generic modeler, radiometric correction, biomass modeling and statistical
analysis. The AIS is developed using an object-oriented approach and builds upon a three-tier architecture. Object-oriented techniques and
properties have been adopted extensively in the system, including encapsulation, inheritance, polymorphism, dynamic method binding, web-
enablement, and component-based embedding/linking. The use of the system under the current architecture showed the advantages in versioning
management, program-reuse and sharing, distribution over Internet, and extension support.