OMR, CODS, DVG

Oral Medicine & Radiology

Oral

Diagnosis

Oral

MedicineOral

Radiology

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Oral Diagnosis is defined as an art and science of

identifying an oral disease from its symptoms and signs.

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Definitions

Oral Medicine is defined as that branch of dentistry

which deals with:

1. Diagnosis, treatment and prevention of:

a. Oral mucosal diseases

b. Local oral diseases

c. Oral manifestations of systemic diseases

2. Dental management of physiologically compromised

patients.

Oral Radiology is defined as a science composed of

technical and interpretative procedures that

interdependently result in useful diagnostic data.

Oral Radiography is defined as an art and science of

producing photographic image of oral tissues through

use of x-radiation.

OMR, CODS, DVG

Reading Material

Lecture notes

Burket’s Oral Medicine

by Malcolm Lynch, 8th / 9th Edition

Oral Radiology: Principles & Interpretation

by Goaz & White, 2nd / 3rd Edition

Differential Diagnosis of Oral Lesions

by Goaz & Wood, 2nd / 3rd Edition

OMR, CODS, DVG

Oral Medicine is defined as that branch of

dentistry which deals with:

1. Diagnosis, treatment and prevention of:

a. Oral mucosal diseases

b. Local oral diseases

c. Oral manifestations of systemic

diseases

2. Dental management of physiologically

compromised patients.

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Oral Medicine

• Oral manifestations of systemic diseases

• Dental management of physiologically

compromised patients.

Oral mucosal

diseases

Local oral

diseases

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CLASSIFICATION OF ORAL DISEASESSome ways of classifying oral diseases :

~ Based on etiologye.g. viral, traumatic

~ Based on the pathological process involved e.g. inflammatory, neoplastic

~ Based on symptomse.g. recurrent, painful conditions, tumorous conditions

~ Based on clinical appearance of lesions e.g. ulcerative, vesicular, erosive

~ Based on origine.g. developmental, acquired

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“A lesion is a localized area of disease or injury in any organ or tissue of the body”

ORAL SOFT TISSUE LESIONS

WHITE

ULCER

EXOPHYTIC

YELLOW DRAINING

and PITS

BROWNISH,

BLUISH

or BLACKRED

KeratoticNecrotic

Solitary Generalized Tongue

OMR, CODS, DVG

ORAL SOFT TISSUE LESIONS

WHITE

ULCER

EXOPHYTIC

YELLOW DRAINING

and PITS

BROWNISH,

BLUISH

or BLACKRED

KeratoticNecrotic

Solitary Generalized Tongue

Leukoplakia, Lichen

planus, BurnsAphthous, Traumatic,

Malignant

Erythroplakia, Acute

atrophic candidiasis,

Glossitis

Fibroma, Mucocele,

Tori, Pyogenic

granuloma

Fordyce’s granules,

Lipoma, Jaundice,

CarotenemiaMelanoma,

Mucocele, Petechiae

& ecchymoses

Lip pits,

Draining abscess,

Oro-antral fistula

OMR, CODS, DVG

Another way of classifying oral lesions :

PRIMARY LESION

SECONDARY LESION

Macule, Plaques, Papule, Patch

Nodule, Tumor

Vesicle, Bulla, Pustule

Petechia, Ecchymosis

Macule: Sharply circumscribed discoloration (flat) up to 1 cm in diameter

Patch: Sharply circumscribed discoloration (flat) more than 1 cm in diameter

Papule: Well circumscribed, solid, flat-topped raised lesion up to 1 cm in diameter

Plaque: Well circumscribed solid raised lesion more than 1 cm in diameter

Nodule: Well circumscribed solid, rounded projection up to 1 cm in diameter

Tumor: Well circumscribed solid, rounded projection more than 1 cm in diameter

Vesicle: Sharply circumscribed serous fluid-filled elevation up to 1 cm in diameter

Bulla: Sharply circumscribed serous fluid-filled elevation more than 1 cm in diameter

Vesicle: Sharply circumscribed serous fluid-filled elevation up to 1 cm in diameter

Bulla: Sharply circumscribed serous fluid-filled elevation more than 1 cm in diameter

Vesicle: Sharply circumscribed serous fluid-filled elevation up to 1 cm in diameter

Bulla: Sharply circumscribed serous fluid-filled elevation more than 1 cm in diameter

Pustule: Sharply circumscribed pus-filled elevation similar to vesicle or bulla

Petechiae: Sharply circumscribed deposit of blood or blood pigments up to 1 cm in diameter

Ecchymosis: Sharply circumscribed deposit of blood or blood pigments more than 1 cm in diameter

Petechiae: Sharply circumscribed deposit of blood or blood pigments up to 1 cm in diameter

Ecchymosis: Sharply circumscribed deposit of blood or blood pigments more than 1 cm in diameter

OMR, CODS, DVG

Another way of classifying oral lesions :

PRIMARY LESION

SECONDARY LESION

Erosion, Ulcer, Scar

Infiltration

Erosion: Loss of superficial layers of epithelium

Ulcer: Break in the continuity of the epithelium (deeper than an erosion)

Scar: Deposit of highly fibrous tissue subsequent to ulcer or injury

Infiltration: Extension of the primary lesion into the deeper tissue causing fixity or induration

“Colour Atlas of Oral Diseases”George Laskaris

2nd Edition, 1994

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DESCRIPTION OF A DISEASE PROCESS

Definition

Etiology & Pathogenesis

Epidemiology

Clinical Features : age, sex, site, symptoms & signs

Radiographic Features

Histological Features

Investigations, Diagnosis & Differential Diagnosis

Treatment & Prognosis

Etiology & Pathogenesis

Clinical Features : age, sex, site, symptoms & signs

Radiographic Features

Investigations, Diagnosis & Differential Diagnosis

Treatment & Prognosis