introduction greatest advancement in information processing since invention of printing press use of...
TRANSCRIPT
IntroductionGreatest advancement in information
processing since invention of printing pressUse of computers a necessity in health care
Uses in Health CareHospital or medical information systems (HIS
or MIS)Diagnostic testingEducation of health care personnelResearch: statistical analysis of data
Computer LiteracyAbility to understand basics of how a
computer works and applications used in your field or profession
Essential to health care professionalsComfort in using a computer for job Practice and experience in using computers
is necessary to develop computer literacy
History of the ComputerFirst computers installed in late 1950s and
early 1960sElectronic Numerical Integrator and
Computer (ENIAC)MicrochipsSizes of computers
What is a Computer System?Electronic device that is a complete
information processing systemHardware—machine components Software—programs or instructions
Input DevicesInformation is entered into the computer
by means of an input deviceComputer keyboardMagnetic tapeTouch screen monitorOptical scannerMouseLight pen
Central Processing Unit (CPU)Processes all information or data entered
into the computerActs as the “brains” of the computerInternal memory unitArithmetic and logic unitControl unit
Output DevicesOutput is the finished work of the
computer systemOccurs after data has been processed
by the CPUPrinterVideo display Forms of output
Computer ApplicationsWord processingCompiling databasesSchedulingMaintaining financial recordsMonitoring patientsPerforming diagnostic tests
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Computer Applications(continued)Maintaining inventories
Developing spreadsheetsCommunicating through modems
Examples of UsesHealth information technicianPhysicianPharmacistDieticianLaboratory technicianNurseEnvironmental service worker
Computer Uses and IssuesHand-held portable computerConfidentiality for strict enforcementContingency backup plan essential
Computer Applications for DiagnosticsComputer-based diagnostic testsAnalyzing blood testsElectrocardiogram (ECG) computerized
interpretation systemsComputerized tomography (CT)Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)
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Computer Applications for Diagnostics(continued)Positron emission tomography (PET)
UltrasonographyOncology
Computer Applications for EducationComputer-assisted instruction (CAI)Interactive video or computer-assisted
video technologyInternet for distance learning and
licensure examinations
Computer Applications for ResearchAvailable information from the National
Library of Medicine databaseStatistical Package for Social Sciences
(SPSS) to prepare and analyze dataComputer technology research world-wide,
known as bioinformatics
Computer Applications for Communication
Networks—computers linked together in health care facilities
Internet—links computers located around the world
Electronic mail (e-mail)Telemedicine for medical/health care use
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Computer Applications for Communication(continued)
E-medicine for contacting physiciansTelepharmacies speed up the process of
dispensing medicinesListserve mailing lists for sharing health
information
Using the InternetNetwork of computer usersModem—electronic device to send or
receive data Browser—software to access the Internet
for informationMany services and sources available for
the health care professional
Search EnginesDefined as a database of Internet filesEngines include: search program, index,
and retrieval programTypes of search engines: crawler-based,
human-powered, mixedMany different search engines available
Searching the WebMust develop a strategyIdentify key wordsCombine key wordsVary your searchUse different search enginesEvaluate the source of all informationIdentify the source
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Searching the Web(continued)Determine the author
Check for accuracyVerify important dataLook for signs of qualityCheck for currencyHealth care workers are able to research
many topics on the Internet; can be an excellent learning tool
Computer Protection and SecurityHealth care computerized records need to be
safe and secureLoss of information can result from electrical
problems, viruses, hackers, and breach of confidentiality
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Computer Protection and Security(continued)Protecting a computer from electrical
problems includesUninterrupted power supply (UPS)Daily backups onto compact disksStorage of data to external location
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Computer Protection and Security(continued)Viruses are able to enter a computer
when downloading information or programs by opening e-mailswhen using different disks that contain
virusesInstallation of antivirus software will
give protection
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Computer Protection and Security(continued)Other computers, outside programs, and
hackers can gain accessFirewalls are needed for protectionNetwork computers only within the health
care facilityUse dedicated computer to send
information to outside source
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Computer Protection and Security(continued)Confidentiality is of the utmost importance
for patient recordsGuidelines have been establishedRequirements of the Health Insurance and
Portability Act (HIPAA)
Summary Computers used as cost-effective and
efficient toolsEnhance quality patient careUsed for many areas of health careComputer technology has had tremendous
impact on health care
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Summary(continued)Used for health care research
Internet has opened up a plethora of available information
Health care workers need to protect computerized records/information