intro to plasma
DESCRIPTION
This is a introduction to the Plasma Chemical Engineering.TRANSCRIPT
Advanced Chemical Kinetics & Reaction Engineering
Plasma Chemical Engineering
CHE673Dr. Fahad Rehman
To integrate fundamental knowledge of chemical engineering, plasma physics and plasma chemistry to design of plasma reactors for chemical synthesis
Course objectives
Introduction to plasma, field equations, conservation equations, Boltzmann's equation, Debye shielding, Debye length, plasma sheath, collisions in plasmas, types of collisions, elementary reactions in plasma, LTE and non-LTE plasmas, breakdown processes in non-LTE plasmas, types of plasmas, atmospheric pressure glow discharges, Corona discharges, Dielectric barrier discharges, capacitively coupled plasmas, arc discharges, micro-discharges, Current-Voltage characteristics of DC and AC powered plasmas, Townsend mechanism of electrical breakdown, spark breakdown mechanism, Paschen curve, plasma- chemical kinetics, kinetics of O3 formation, Kinetics of H2 formation, plasma power supplies, impedance matching network, plasma diagnostics, plasma reactor design, plasma micro-reactors, ozone generator
Course Contents
Textbook:
Goldstone R. J., & Rutherford P.H., 1995, Introduction to Plasma Physics, IOP publishing.Fridman, A. A. & Kennedy, L. A. 2004. Plasma physics and engineering, CRC.Lieberman, M. A. & Lichtenberg, A. J. 2005. Principle of Plasma Discharge and Material Processing, John Wiley & Sons, Inc.Bellan, P. M. 2006. Fundamentals of plasma physics, Cambridge Univ Pr.Fridman, A. A. 2008. Plasma chemistry, Cambridge Univ Pr.
Plasma Chemical Engineering-We are the first one to studythis subject as a formal course in the class-not in COMSATS but in the Planet Earth
A Chemical Reaction
A Plasma Chemical Reaction
A Plasma Chemical Reaction
A Plasma Chemical Reaction
A Plasma Chemical Reaction
A Plasma Chemical Reaction
What is Plasma ? Greek word ()"anything formed or Mould.
First Used by Langmuir in 1929 for electrical discharges In a more rigorous way plasma could be defined as a quasi-neutral gas of charged and neutral particles characterised by a collective behaviour.
What is Plasma ? Greek word ()"anything formed or Mould.
First Used by Langmuir in 1929 for electrical discharges In a more rigorous way plasma could be defined as a quasi-neutral gas of charged and neutral particles characterised by a collective behaviour.
What is Plasma ? Greek word ()"anything formed or Mould.
First Used by Langmuir in 1929 for electrical discharges
Except near the electrodes, where there are sheaths containing very few electrons, the ionized gas contains ions and electrons in about equal numbers so that the resultant space charge is very small. We shall use the name plasma to describe this region containingbalanced charges of ions and electrons.What is difference between Plasma and an ionised gas ?
What is Plasma ? In a more rigorous way plasma could be defined as a quasi-neutral gas of charged and neutral particles characterised by a collective behaviour.
How Plasma is Formed
1- By heating the matter
How Plasma is Formed 2- By applying the electric field
How Plasma is Formed 3. By Application of magnetic field
4. By application of microwave
5. By application of ultra sound...........
Fundamental Properties of Plasma 1. TemperatureElectron temperature Temperature of gas particlesExcitation temperature Rotational temperatureVibrational temperature
Would they be the same under Magnetic field ?
Number Density (m-3)
Electron number density ne
Gas particle density no
Degree of ionisation= ne/no
Magnetic Field (Tesla)
Classification of Plasma
Local thermal-equilibrium Plasma
Non local thermal-equilibrium Plasma
MSc- Research ProjectsLets work together!!!
Production of turbostratic carbon for the use in direct carbon fuel cell
Direct Carbon fuel cell
C + 2CO32- 3CO2 + 4e-(Anode)O2 + 2CO2 + 4e- 2CO32-(Cathode)
Uses a slurry of carbon particles in molten saltsFeed is distributed by entrainment in CO2 gasCO2 gas is evolved from the anode chamber
Turbostratic carbon
Atomic Planes arranged at diff. AnglesLots of Defects at the EdgesMore Space between the layers then that of Graphite
Samples= 3 biomass sample, 3 different coal or ??? Particle size ?Grinding before thermal processing or after?Heating time ?Heating rate?Temperature?Process variables
Analysis X-ray diffraction (XRD)
Scanning Electron microscopy (SEM)
Transmission electron microscopy (TEM)
XRD
TEM
Wastewater treatment with microbubbles
Flow rate of airDifferent types of pollutantsElectrophilic/nucleophilic (Phenol etc.,)Process variables
GC/MSAnalysis