Intro to Energy, Potential Energy, Kinetic Energy

Karen TinoSeptember 2013

Introduction to Energy

S8P2. Students will be familiar with the forms and transformations of

energy.

b. Explain the relationship between potential and kinetic energy.

EQ: : How does potential energy affect kinetic energy?

Words to Knowwork energypotential energy kinetic energymechanical energy electrical energythermal energy nuclear energy

chemical energylaw of conservation of energygravitational potential energy

electromagnetic energy elastic potential energy

In Your Notebook:

Title your paper: Introduction to Energy

Introduction to Energy

How are energy, work, and power related?

Introduction to Energy

You have just finished raking all of the leaves in the yard into a nice pile, when the wind spreads many of them

around the yard again. You know that the wind is just moving air, but does it have

energy?

Introduction to Energy

Yes, the wind has energy.Energy is the ability to do work or cause change, so the wind has

energy.

Work is the force exerted on an object causing it to move.

In Your Notebook:Introduction to Energy

Energy Energy is the ability to do work or cause change, so the wind has energy.

Work is the force exerted on an object causing it to move.

The term used for energy is Joules (J). This is also used to show the amount of work being done.

Reviewing Energy and Matter

The two main forms of energy are potential and kinetic.

Kinetic energy is the energy of matter in motion.

Reviewing Energy and Matter

Certain factors affect an objects kinetic energy, and these factors are both its mass and velocity.

Remember, mass is the measure of how much matter is in an object.

Velocity is speed in a given direction.

In Your Notebook:Kinetic Energy Kinetic energy is the

energy of matter in motion.

Examples: ____________

Factors that affect kinetic energy:a. mass – amount of

matter

b. velocity – speed in a given direction.

Introduction to Energy

As an object’s mass increases, its kinetic

energy also increases.

Even if both of these trucks hit a wall at the same speed, the larger truck would cause more damage

because it has a larger mass.

Introduction to Energy

As an object’s velocity (speed)

increases, its kinetic energy also increases.

Although all of the cars may have the same mass, the car

with the highest velocity (speed) has the greatest kinetic

energy.

In Your Notebook:Kinetic Energy

As an object’s mass increases, its kinetic energy also increases.

As an object’s velocity (speed) increases, its kinetic energy also increases.

Reviewing Energy and Matter

The two main forms of energy are potential and kinetic.

Potential energy is the energy an object has because of its position or shape.

In Your Notebook:Potential Energy Potential energy is

the energy an object has because of its position or shape.

Examples: __________

Introduction to Energy

There are two types of potential energy, and the first type is gravitational

potential energy.

Gravitational potential energy is related to an

object’s height.

The greater an objects weight or height, the

higher its gravitational potential energy.

Introduction to Energy

If two skiers of equal mass went to the top of these two

ramps, which would have more

gravitational potential energy?

Skier # 1Skier # 2

Skier # 1 would have more gravitational potential energy because of the height.

Introduction to Energy

There are two types of potential energy, and the

second type is elastic potential energy.

An object gains a different type of potential

energy when it is stretched.

Elastic potential energy is associated with objects that can be stretched or

compressed.

Potential Energy Two types of potential energy:

a. gravitational potential energy – related to the height of an object.

Examples: _____________

Potential Energy

b. elastic potential energy - associated with objects that can be stretched or compressed.

Examples: ______________

Vocabulary Review • kinetic energy –

– energy of movement

• potential energy – – stored energy

• potential chemical energy – – stored energy released by chemical changes

• mechanical energy – – energy that is composed of both potential

energy and kinetic energy.

Independent Practice

The students will complete at least 2 of the following hands-on activities and answer the associated questions.

Jumping Jacks

Gravity Balls

Rubber Band Man

Swinging Pendulum

TOD

• The students will explain “If the same force is applied to two objects of different mass which object will have the greater potential and kinetic energy?”