intro to computers pp

8/22/2019 Intro to Computers PP

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Introduction to

Computers

Instructor: Heman Leewww.aeromaniacs.com/class

Jan 2012October 2001


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This Course is for YOU!

Basic components of the PC

Speak Computerese (Geek Language)

Use Mouse and Keyboard Navigate Windows OS

Copy/Cut & Paste Concepts

Safely turn off and on

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The ENIAC

First Computer

Unveiled 1946

$500,000 17,468 Vacuum

Tubes

8.5 X 3 X 80 feet

Electronic Numerical Integrator & Computer

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http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Eniac.jpg


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Altair 8800 1975

Kit only BASICIntel 8080 CPU 8 bit

MSAI 8080

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The IBM PC 1981 August 12th, 1982

Cost $1665 with no drive.

160 K single sided floppydrive optional

PC DOS OS

Intel 8080 4.77 MHz

RAM: 16K-640K

A complete system with

monitor, floppy drive,printer would run about$3,000

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Apple Macintosh 128K 1984

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GUI Mouse 1 Floppy 400K

$2,495


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What is a Computer?

Accepts/Inputs Data

Processes Data Output Data

Stores Data

Computer

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Hardware vs Software

Physical part of thecomputer You can touch it

Information or applicationprograms used by thecomputer.

You can not touch it.

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The Operating System

User Interface

Host for applications

Manages Hardware(ie Memory,Keyboard, Mouse)

Interface toComputer Hardware

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http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/e1/Operating_system_placement.svg


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Computer Process

Mouse

CPU

Keyboard

Output

Printer

Monitor

Input

Windows

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What is a PC (personal computer)?

Monitor (LCD)

System Unit Motherboard

Hard Drive

Floppy Drive

CD-ROM/DVD

Keyboard and

Mouse Peripherals

OS

Software11


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CPU

The Motherboard

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Hard Drive C:

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RAM

Random Access Memory

Tied to the CPU

Main or primary storage

Volatile

Temporary (Volatile)

Speed 400MHz (Speed of Light)

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Hard Drive vs RAM

RAMAccess 20-60ns

Transfer 2-6 G/s

Access Time 20 40 ms

Transfer Rate: 70-100 KB/s

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Removable Storage

Floppy CD

DVD

Flash

Portable HD

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What is a Bit?

0 or 1

On or Off

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A ByteIn computer memory terms,the definition of a byte is a

collection of eight bits.

0100 0010 = A

0100 0011 = B

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Storage SizeHow much data?

Unit Abb. Size Equivalent

Bit 1 bit

Byte 8 bits 1 text character

Kilobyte K 1,025 bytes 1/2 page of text

Megabyte MB 1,048,576 bytes A novel

Gigabyte GB 1,024 Megabytes An encyclopedia

A Picture file from a 5 M Pixel Camera ~ 2 MB4 minutes of uncompressed video ~ 100 MB

2 pages in Office Word take up 50K19


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Media SizeHow much data?

Media Size Equivalent

Floppy 1.44MB or 1,440K 50pWord Doc

CD 700MB 300 Photos

DVD 4.7GB 4,700MB 2,300 Photos

4G Flash 1,048,576 bytes 1,600 Photos

1TB (Tera) Hard

Drive

1,024 Gigabyte 500 hours of

video.

Peta 1015 , Exa 1018 , Zeta 10121 , Yolta 1024

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Microsoft Windows OS

Windows 95, 98, ME, XP, Vista,7 ?

Desktop and icons

Task bar Start button

Built-in Programs (WordPad, Paint)

Internet Explorer Web Browser

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The Mouse

Left Button Only

Click

Drag Double-Click

Right-Button

(Shortcut Menu) Scroll Button

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Mouse Alternative

Trackball

Touchpad

Drawing Pad

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QWERTY KEYBOARD

WindowsKey

ApplicationKey

Text EditingNavigation

NumLock OnNumericKeypad

Help Key Refresh Print Screento Clipboard

Back whenscreens was green

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Before you turn on your PC

Before starting your computer make sure youdo not have a meda, Floppy, CD, FlashDrive, etc in the drive.

Turn on the Monitor.

If this does not happen, check the led lightwhich is usually on the lower corner of the

monitor unit.

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Problems: Black or Blue

If computer was shut improperly, youmay see a screen saying Windowswould like to check your files for errors.

If you get a black or blue screen, thecomputer may not have been shutdownproperly. Try to continue by pressing

Enter for Normal Boot.

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How to power up you PC

(Booting)1. Turn on the monitor

2. Turn on any peripherals attached to

you computers system unit.3. Locate the power bottom on the

computers system unit.

4. Press it once.

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How to Power Up your PC (Booting)

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TheStart

Menu

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Shutting down your computer

Windows is very finicky about being shut downproperly (do not just shut the power off)

Move your cursor to start button and click

Click on Shutdown Sometime Windows will install updated during

shutdown, so be patient and wait for thescreen to turn black.

Laptops: Closing the lid will put the computer to sleep.You can change this action in your ControlPanel>Power Option setting.

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XP Shutdown

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Vista Shutdown

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Windows 7 Shutdown

Windows 7 Shutdown

The Vista shutdown debacle is now fixed with

Windows 7. Not only is it fixed, it is even better.You can custom what the button does with a simpleright-click to launch the properties menu.

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Restarting your computer

Sometimes your computer will start doingfunny things or your mouse will stop working

Try ALT + CTL + DELETE

If you see a program is not responding, youcan try to highlight that program and pressthe End Task button.

If nothing happens try ALT + CTL + DELETE

again. This will restart your computer

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Mouse

Pointing device that moves pointer orcursor

Point and click (tip of the arrow is thepoint)

Left and right buttons

Start programs - 2 clicks

Highlight text (click and drag)

Practice makes perfect

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Mouse Arrow

Arrow

Busy

Text Double arrow

Hand (Panning)

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http://images.google.com/imgres?imgurl=www.trane.com/residential/becomedealer/demo/demo1/demo2/images/hand.gif&imgrefurl=http://www.trane.com/residential/becomedealer/demo/index.asp&h=25&w=23&prev=/images?q=hand+cursor&start=60&num=20&hl=en&safe=off&sa=N


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Scrolling pages

Mouse Click on up and down arrows

or

Click on top of and below that darker boxwithout touching the box

or

Click and drag the darker box

Keyboard (make sure cursor is onpage by clicking on empty space)

Use arrow keys

Use page up, page down, home and end

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Opening Programs

If on desktop as icon, double click on icon.If does not open press Enter key.

Click on Start button, Move cursor up to

Programs. After menu on the rightappears move cursor over to menu andup or down to required program. Click onprogram

If program has been minimized andappears on task bar, click on squarerepresenting program.

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Closing programs

Click on the X icon in the top right hand corner ofthe window

or

Put your cursor on File in menu bar and click,then move cursor down the drop-down menu tothe bottom to word Quit or Exit or Close.Click on the word

or Hold down the Alt key and press F4.

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Minimize

WindowMaximize/Restore

(Full Scrn/Not FS) Close

Program

Windows Controls

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Title bar

Menu bar Tool bar

Status bar

WHATISA WINDOW

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Using Menu Bars

All Windows programs have a menu bar andeverything you can do with that program will beavailable from one of the drop-down menus

Place tip of the cursor on the word in Menu bar andclick. Move cursor down drop-down menu to selectionyou want to perform and click.

If item has an arrow pointing to the right move cursorto the right to see the submenu with more options.

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Drop Down Menu

With a sub-menu orcascading menu

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List BoxLook for the triangle to

launch a List Boxmenu.

Menu

MenuThe menu appear inthe direction of thearrow.

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Buttons

Works like aswitch (on or off)

Toggle

New Help Button

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Radio Buttons

SelectOnly 1 choice

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Check Box Buttons

More than oneanswer or choices

Steak

Potatoes

Dessert

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Menu items common to most


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Menu items common to mostWindows programs

File (includes New file, Open file, Save andPrint)

Edit (includes Find and Cut, Copy and Paste)

View (allows you to change the look of screenby adding and subtracting bars like tool bar)

Tool Bar(most programs but program specific)

F1 Helpused to give help in programsfunctions and gives version number (About)

The File Menu is a legacy menu on Windows 7The ALT key will display it temporarily.

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Cut/Copy and Paste (Drag)

1. Select the text or object.

2. Click on the selected area and drag itto another place in the document.

3. The mouse arrow will show a boxnext to it.

4. Let go of the mouse button.

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Paste

Context Sensitive Choice

When Copy or Cut isperformed correctly,the computer knows

this.The only choices leftare in bold while theother choices aredimmed out.

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Cut/Copy and Paste

(Menu Bar Method)

1. Move cursor to Edit inMenu bar and select CopyorCut ( is a Move)

2. Move the cursor to thearea of the document orfile where you would liketo put the text and click.

3. Move cursor to Edit inMenu bar and selectPaste

Window 7

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Using Tool Bars

Icons which represent most frequentlyused actions. Look at the picture, it tells

you what it does or mouse over it.

New Open Save Print Copy Paste

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Cut, Copy & Paste

1. Drag and DropNo memorization required

Require excellent mouse skills

2. On the Edit orClipboard MenuNo memorization require, just look for it

on the menu.

3. Use Keyboard Shortcuts.Ctrl+C for Copy; Ctri+X for Cut

Ctrl+V for Paste

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Files & Folders

Hard

DriveFolder

File

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Continue toWindows Skill2 or Windows 7

Basic Course

intro to computers pp

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