Steel Makers, World Class Steel Makers

In the manufacturing sector of the world steel is one of the top products.

Top Ten Steel Producing CountriesMajor steel producing countries over the world for the period Jan-June 2007 is as follows:

Country Production (Million Metric Tones)

China 237.5

EU 27 108.3

Japan 59.4

USA 48.5

Russia 30.8

S Korea 25.7

India 22.9

Ukraine 21.3

Brazil 16.3

Turkey 12.6

Source: International Steel Iron Institute

The world Steel Dynamics has pointed out 12-world class steel makers keeping in view various criterions.

The parameters undertaken are like operating costs, ownership of lower cost ore and coal, productive workforce, quality products, balance sheet, for the product

and domestic growth rate of the industry. The World Steel Dynamics have ranked the , which are as follows:

Company Name Rank

TATA 1

Usinor 2

Posco 3

CSN 4

Baosteel 5

China Steel 6

Gerdau 7

Nucor 8

Car-Tech 9

Nippon Steel 10

Severstal 10

Dofasco 11

Indian Steel Industry

Indian Steel Industry is going gaga in the world steel market because of the demand for steel generated around the world especially by the developing countries. There are mainly four industry types which are generating the domestic demand for Indian Steel Industry:-

 

Infrastructure industry (both private and government projects)

Construction Industry

Automobile Industry

Real Estate Industry

In terms of quantity of production, the Indian Steel Industry has a world ranking of seven. The first steel industry was established in the year 1953 in Rourkela in Orissa with a production capacity of one million tonnes per annum.

The organization structure of Indian Steel Industry can be categorized in the following manner :-

Main Producer of steel

Other major producers of steel

Secondary Producer

The first two categories have an integrated system of steel   production  with a productive capacity of more than 0.5 metric ton. Some of the main players included in this category are TATA Steel, SAIL, etc.

The third category, namely, Secondary Producer, include :-

Producers of sponge iron

Furnaces meant for induction

Furnaces meant for energy optimization

Electric Arc Furnace

Mini Blast Furnace

Re-rolling Firms

Indian Steel Industry has some advantages that give it the extra sought after mileage over its peers from other countries which can be summed up as follows :-

The wage rate of the laborers working in the steel   industries  are low

The base for production of steel is a matured one

The automobile industry in India, one of the main demander of steel, has a steep upward moving slope.

The construction as well as the infrastructure industry, big demander of steel, are also on an upward slope due to the government policy regarding emphasis on developmental works.

The workforce associated with the Indian Steel Industry are highly knowledgeable and experienced

The most significant news regarding Indian Steel Industry is TATA Steel's acquisition of the Corus group after going through a strenuous bidding. Ultimately, TATA Steel was able to buy Corus at eight billion US dollars which makes the deal to be fixed at 455 pence per share which are needed to be paid in cash by the TATA Steel to the shareholders of Corus. This deal is a highly expensive one and comes only after the Mittal-Arcelor deal of thirty eight billion US Dollars. The finalization of TATA-Corus deal has catapulted TATA Steel from 65th position to 5th position in terms of productive capacity. This has not only

strengthened the Indian Steel Industry's position in the Asian market but also on the productive capacity of the whole world. Some of the relevant and striking facts about Indian Steel Industry are :-

Capital base of Indian Steel Industry revolves around a whooping ninety thousand crore rupees.

The contribution of this industry to GNP of India is almost six percent.

The weightage assigned to Indian Steel Industry in the Industrial Production is 5.13.

According to the 11th Five Year Plan (2007-2008 to 2011-2012), some of the projections related to Indian Steel Industry are mentioned below :-

Domestic Supply of steel would reach a whooping target of seventy seven million tonnes which is approximately 66 % higher from 2007-08.

Domestic demand for steel would touch a milestone of seventy million tonnes which is approximately 4 % higher from 2007-08.

It has been noticed as well as observed that the correlation between the growth of Indian Steel Industryand the economy is very high. As the Indian economy is regularly reaching new highs, so the steel industry is also expected to reach new production levels. Speculation and research works are on a record high regarding the Indian Steel Industry. A metal consultancy firm based in UK has projected that the domestic production of crude steel in 2020 would reach the hundred million tonnes mark.

Production in India

Balaji Steel MillsAddress: KM 47, 252, NH 7 Hyderbad to Nagpur, Adilabad, Adilabad, Andhra Pradesh, 504001Phone number: 91-094-49858559

JC Steel ProductsAddress: 73, Sector 23-A, Khanna Side, Mandi Gobindgarh, Punjab, 147301Phone number: 91-017-65506277

Namco Corp LtdAddress: 14, The 3rd Floor, New Palasia, 1 Kanika Bldg, Indore, Madhya Pradesh, 452001Phone number: 91-073-14225514

Atma Ram Steel P LtdAddress: C 10, Ludhiana, Punjab, 141010Phone number: 0161 - 2545655

Bharet SteelsAddress: Dxvi 1677 Muradapura, Ludhiana, Punjab, 141002Phone number: 0161 - 2536833

Chhabra Steel IndsAddress: 1090/3, Kalsian Street, Ludhiana, Punjab, 141003

Phone number: 0161 - 2541678

Panchamukhi Steel Ltd.Address: 7floor, Landmark, Gotri Road, Gotri Road, Vadodara, Gujarat, 390007Phone number: 2343142

Bajrang Steel TradingAddress: Room No-20, 23a, 1st Floor, N S Road, Kolkata, West Bengal, 700001Phone number: 033 - 22200425

Lubcon Universal Pvt LtdAddress: P-1, New C I T Road, C R Avenue, Kolkata, West Bengal, 700073Phone number: 033 - 22373274

Shobhagya Steels (p) LtdAddress: 45, Montieth Rd, Egmore, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, 600008Phone number: 44 - 28554960

Shivam Bright SteelsAddress: 353-, Sanganur Road, Ganapathy, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, 641006Phone number: 0422 - 2330395

Top Companies in Indian Steel Industry

The performance of the Indian steel industry has been quite satisfactory over the last decade. Aided by the cutting-edge technology, the steel industry in Asia has made advancements in all areas of operation. There has been a substantial increase in demand for Indian steel products in the global market in the recent times. 

This has helped in the growth of Indian steel industry. The industry recorded the highest growth rate in the period from 2004-2005, when the growth rate of the steel sector was 4%. The increased consumption of the finished steel products in the domestic market acted as a positive catalyst in the growth process of the Indian steel industry. The favorable market condition has helped the companies operating in Indian steel industry to expand their operations and earn huge profit. 

The top companies of the Indian steel sector mostly operate in four different forms like producers of pig iron, producers of stainless steel, producers of finished steel products, and producers of semi-finished steel. The companies functional in the steel industry of India are both public sector companies and private sector companies.

Some of the leading companies in Indian steel industry are as follows: Ahmedabad Steel Craft: Producer of windows, ventilators, steel doors and the like Ambica Steel: Producer of carbon steel, alloy, and stainless steel Apollo Tubes: Manufacturer of steel tubes and pipes Bengal Industries: Producer of hoses made up of stainless steel Bokaro Steel Plant: Steel manufacturer

Beehive Kowtha Group: Manufacturer of castings, towers, and steel buildings Central Steel Corporation: Producer of alloy and tool steels Bharat Impex: Manufacturer of stainless steel kitchenware Allied Ferromelt: Producer of non alloy and alloy steel Anchor Engineers' Files: Producer of steel files for engineers Essar Steel: Producer of sponge iron, steel and iron ore pellets ColdFab: Producer of pre-fabricated buildings of steel Govind Steel: Producer of ductile and grey iron Gaysons: Producer of steel rolls Devson Steels: Fabricates storage tanks Hisar Metal: Producer of strips and stainless cold rolled steel coils Buyao Info: Producer of steel products and re-rolled iron Jindal Iron & Steel: Producer of galvanized steel products Kanoi Group: Dealer of corrugated sheets and steel coils Jindal Steel & Power: Manufacturer of mild steel slabs and sponge iron Lloyds Steel: Producer of corrugated sheets and steel coils Metalman Industries: Producer of tubular and flat steel items Steel Authority of India: Manufacturer of steel and iron Tata Steel: Producer and supplier of wire rods, bars, and steel flats Vizag Steel: Producer of pig iron and steel.

Growth Potential of India’s Steel Industry

India has traditionally been one of the major producers of steel in the world. Till the 1990s the steel industry of India was regulated and controlled by government policies. 

After the economic reforms of the early 1990s, the Indian steel industry has evolved significantly to conform to global standards. 

India has set a vision to be an economically developed nation by 2020. The steel industry is expected to play a major role in India's economic development in the coming years. The steel industry of India has a very high growth potential and is expected to register significant growth in the coming decades. India is expected to emerge as a strong force in the global steel market in coming years.

The two major aspects that are expected to play a significant role in the growth of the steel industry in India are - Abundant availability of iron ore in the country

The country has well established facilities for steel production

Steel production in India has grown from 17 MT in 1990 to 36 MT in 2003. It is expected that by 2011, the steel production in India will grow to 66 MT.

The major sectors where consumption of steel is expected to grow in the coming years are - Construction Housing Ground transportation Hi-tech engineering industries such as power generation, petrochemicals, fertilizers

The current scenario of the Indian steel industry indicates that there is huge growth potential in this industry. The per capita-consumption of steel in India, according to latest available estimates, is only 29 kg. This is much less compared to the global average of 140kg. The per capita consumption level of developed nations like the United States of America is 400kg. In this respect, one of the major initiatives that need to be taken is to focus on increasing the consumption of steel in the rural areas of India. The potential for the growth of consumption of steel in the rural areas of India for purposes like rural housing, rural infrastructure, etc is high which needs to be tapped efficiently.

In order to realize the growth potential in the steel industry of India, it is essential to ensure that the industry can remain competitive. One of the major aspects in this regard is the availability of inputs. Shortage of inputs like coke has led to increase in costs earlier. Moreover proper infrastructure facilities like transport infrastructure, power etc are of prime importance in maintaining the competitiveness of the industry.

Most developed countries have regulations that are aimed to protect the domestic steel industry. The Indian steel industry has comparatively much lesser protection through regulations. Proper regulatory measures should be adopted by the government to protect the domestic steel industry.

Government Provision on Steel Exports

In the recent times the government has been taking a lot of steps on issues related to export of steel. The national government has been mulling over the removal of excise duties. This step has come after the Indian steel companies have been reducing the prices of the steel products in order to counter the inflation.

The national government was supposed to come up with a decision in pretty quick time. The ministers at various levels of Indian government have also been discussing about this issue.

The manufacturers of steel have reduced the price of the flat products by four thousand rupees per ton and the worth of the structural steel and reinforcement bars by two thousand rupees. 

The steel industry is expected to maintain the prices for a period of the coming two to three months so that their requests for lowering the excises on steel imports may be considered by the national government. 

The notification to the Finance Ministry of the Indian government was absolutely important as if it had not been made the excise duty rate would have stayed at 20% like before. A certain amount of excise duty has already been levied by the Indian government as per the suggestions of the Finance Bill in some other areas. The Finance Bill had been approved by the Indian President and was passed in the latest session of the Indian parliament. 

The government of India has also been considering putting a stop to the export of steel from India and bringing down the prices of products made out of metals and metal alloys.

All this is being done in order to fulfill two motives - lowering and stabilizing the price of steel and also building up some resistance against the inflation that is supposed to be a major threat. In fact the rise of the inflation has been brought about, to a certain extent, by the increase in the prices of steel.

Global Demand for Steel and Indian Steel Industry

The global demand for steel is at an all time high nowadays. Much of the tremendous demand for steel around the world may be attributed to the numerous construction projects that are going on around the world.

Much of these projects are taking place in the economically developing countries of the world like India, China and Thailand. China is the place where a lot of construction is being done nowadays and much of the construction is for the purpose of the Olympics to be held in 2008 and the Shanghai World Exposition of 2010. 

Along with being one of the major users of steel, China is one of the major producers of steel as well. During March, 2007 China produced a record 40.16 million tonnes of steel. The demand for steel has gone up in the United States of

America as well. 

This may be ascertained from the fact that in 2007 the amount of steel used was 2.2% more than what it was in 2006. Thus it may be ascertained that the supply and the demand for steel is at their respective peaks. This bodes well for the Indian steel industry as India has plenty of steel to meet up with both the domestic as well as international demand. 

India has a lot of iron ores. This implies that India has a ready base for producing sufficient amount of steel and the experts are also of the opinion that the Indian steel industry would continue to grow in the coming years. In the recent times the production of steel has gone up in the country from 17 million tonnes in 1990 to 36 million tonnes in 2003. 

The Indian steel industry is trying to reach the 66 million tonnes mark in 2011. The high levels of production would allow the Indian steel industry to establish a stronghold on a number of areas like housing, construction, and ground transportation. The special steel produced by the Indian steel industry is supposed to be used in high end engineering industries like generation of power, fertilizers and petrochemicals. 

The fact that India is not a voracious consumer of steel like some of the major economies like China and the United States of America means that India would be able to use the surplus steel it produces for exporting to other countries so that their demands are met. This would help the Indian steel industry to be regarded as one of the most prominent steel industries if not the leading one.

Conclusion on Indian Steel Industry

The Indian steel industry is among the upcoming industries of the world. It has a number of iron ores, which means that it has plenty of resources from which to draw its raw material.

The rate of production of steel in India has been going up at a steady rate in the last few years. In the recent times Orissa and Jharkhand have been identified as the potential steel destinations of India - the ones that would provide the Indian steel industry with its necessary raw material. There are also a number of steel companies in India like Tata and ArcelorMittal that are either coming up or have established themselves as prominent forces in the world steel scenario.

In the recent times a lot of foreign direct investment is being made in the Indian steel industry. In fact the rate of investment has increased in the last few years

and, to a certain extent, this increase has been contributed to by the growth potential of the steel industry of India that is thought of as being impressive in the international steel circle.

In the recent years a number of major steel corporations of the world have come flocking to India to avail the benefits of the flourishing steel industry of India. The number of steel projects in India has increased as well and this implies that the number of companies lining up to participate in these projects would be increasing too.

There are certain challenges that are being faced by the Indian steel industry of late. There are certain issues regarding the condition of the infrastructural facilities available and the skill level of the members of the steel fraternity. 

The levels of skill of the various technical people associated with the steel industry has been found to be wanting and this has been a result of the inability of the Indian steel industry to attract the best people from the world of engineering and technology. The state of infrastructure needs to be improved so that the production of steel can be taken to the next level. 

India has traditionally been regarded as one of the top steel producers of the world. In 2004 it was ranked as the seventh largest producers of steel in the world, which is testimony to the standing of the Indian steel industry of the world. India is also supposed to have the best growth potential in the context of steel and is preceded only by China, which is a prominent steel producing and consuming country of the world.

Stainless SteelIn 1912, an English metallurgist, Harry Brearly, accidentally discovered Stainless Steel. In the process of

discovering an alloy to protect cannon bores in England, what came into existence was stainless steel. Ever since,

the magic of this material has become an integral part of our lives. 

From underground pipes to space, dairy equipment to pharma equipment, coins to automobiles. Stainless Steel is

everywhere. Like we like to say, "Tomorrow definitely belongs to stainless steel". 

The Group 

Jindal Organization, set up in 1970 by the steel visionary Mr. O.P. Jindal, has grown from an indigenous single-unit

steel plant in Hisar, Haryana to the present multi-billion, multi-national and multi-product steel conglomerate. The

organization is still expanding, integrating, amalgamating and growing. 

The group places its commitment to sustainable development, of its people and the communities in which it

operates, at the heart of its strategy and aspires to be a benchmark for players in the industry the world over. 

The Jindal Organization today is a global player. It's relentless quest for excellence has reaped rich benefits and it

is today one of the worlds most admired and respected groups within the steel fraternity. 

JSL Stainless Ltd. JSL Stainless Ltd. is in many ways very much like the material it produces. Like stainless steel the company is

versatile in its thought process, strong and unrelenting in its operations, environment friendly in its manufacturing

process, bright, shining and beautiful in its community support activities. The list of the properties of stainless steel

is endless, just as our values are all encompassing. 

JSL Stainless Ltd. has always been committed to innovation and progression, research and development. Our

innovations are admired beyond the geographical boundaries of our country. No wonder we are the strategic

partners of global leaders by choice. Our achievements narrate a story of our determination to succeed and our

passion to win. We will continue to leverage our opportunities in creating excellence that the world cannot even

think about. Today we are the largest integrated stainless steel producer in India, tomorrow we will rule the world. 

JSL Stainless Ltd. is a ISO: 9001 & ISO: 14001 company is the flagship company of the Jindal Organization. The

company today, has come a long way from a single factory establishment, started in 1970. As the numero uno it

has taken on the task of making stainless steel a part of everybody's life by taking a 360 degrees approach from

production of raw materials to supply of architecture and lifestyle related products. 

Hisar Plant, IndiaAt Hisar, JSL Stainless Ltd. has India's only composite stainless steel plant for the manufacture of Stainless Steel

Slabs, Blooms, Hot rolled and Cold Rolled Coils, 60% of which are exported worldwide.

Precision Strips

The company produces stainless steel precision strips in various grades. These strips are produced in

narrow 20-Hi mills in the precision cold rolling unit.

Blade Steel

The company is the exclusive producer of stainless steel strips for making razor and surgical blades in

India.

Coin Blanks

Besides supplying CR Strips to the Government of India, the plant at Hisar houses a coin blanking line for

supply of coin blanks to the Indian Mint and Mints in the global markets.

Vizag - IndiaJSL Stainless Ltd. has a Ferro Alloy Plant at Vizag with an installed capacity of 40,000 metric tones per annum. 

Orissa Project - IndiaJSL Stainless Ltd. is setting up a Greenfield integrated Stainless Steel project in the state of Orissa with capacity of

1.6 million tones per annum. 

Continuous cast products

Slabs: Cast in single strand slab caster of

steel melt shop I. Liquid steel is produced

through electric arc furnace-AOD

Convertor/VOD-Ladle refining furnace route. 

Blooms: Cast from twin stand bloom caster at

Steel Melt Shop II. Liquid steel is produced

through electric arc furnace-AOD convertor-

ladle refining furnance route.

Size: 160 mm sq. 

         200 mm sq.

Hot rolled products 

HR coils: As cast/ ground slabs are first

heated and soaked in reheating furnace, rolled

in roughing mill to intermediate thickness and

then to the final thickness in the steckel mill. 

HRAP Coils: Hot rolled annealed pickled coils

are produced after continuous annealing and

pickling. 

HRAP Plates: No1 finish plates are produced

after annealing and pickling or by cutting hot

rolled annealed pickled coils to desired

lengths. 

Cold rolled products

Cold rolled coils and sheets are produced

after being processed in the 20 Hi Mill,

continuous anneal & pickle line, skin pass mill

slitting line and cut to length lines. Absolute

flat sheets are produced after being put

through the Voss leveller. Sheets & cold rolled

coils are available in different finishes 2D, 2B,

No3, No4 and BA

Blade steel

The company is the exclusive producer of

stainless teel strips for making razor blades

and surgical blades in India. The plant has a

capacity to produce 10,000 metric tonnes per

annum. 

JSL Stainless Ltd. can readily supply Stainless

Razor Blade Steel as per the broad material

specifications / details given below : 

To be amongst the top 10   stainless steel producers in   the world

To gain international   recognition for cost   leadership, Product   innovation and Customer  Satisfaction

To be admired as a socially  responsible Corporate and a  sustained value creator for  all its stakeholders

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(a) Size :

Thickness = 0.10 mm (+/- 0.007 mm)

Width = 22.40 mm (+/- 0.03 mm) and upto 340

mm (Max.) 

(b) Chemical Composition :

(c) Rolled Hardness = 280 to 330 HV

(d) Tensile Strength = 95 to 120 Kg/mm sq.

(e) Coil I. D. = 280 mm 

Customised products

JSL Stainless Ltd. has developed the

capability to supply customized products for

critical applications. This has helped

customers in their indigenisaation efforts. 

Nuclear applications

Special stainless steel was developed for

critical components in nuclear applications

(304 L, 321 etc.) having very low inclusion

content, high corrosion resistance (<10 MPY),

ultrasonically sound (w.r.t. angular & straight

beam probe testing), high temper tensile

strength and impact strength. 

Tailor made products

Niobium stabilized special grade austenitic

stainless steel was developed for critical

components to be used in steam and gas

turbines and other engine components. This

steel was required to have specified chemical

compositions with mechanical and impact

properties.

Duplex Stainless Steel 

JSL Stainless Ltd. 2205, a ferritic-austentic

stainless steel having a high chloride pitting

resistance is the new entrant in the product

mix. Cold Rolled annealed strips find

extensive application as tubular material in

sea water, chemical and paper & pulp plants.

Snapshot

Products Continuous

Cast Slabs

Continuous

Cast Blooms

HR Stainless Steel

Plates

HR

Stainless

Steel Coils

CR

Stainless

Steel Coils

Chequered

Plates

Grade AISI 304,

304L, 316,

316L, 321,

JS201, 203,

400 Series

AISI 300 Series

and 200,

400Series

AISI 304, 304L, 310,

316, 316L, 321, 409,

2205 Series

AISI 304,

304L, 310,

316, 316L,

321, 410,

420, 430,

JS 201,

203, 409

Series

AISI 304,

304L, 316,

316L, 410,

420, 430,

JS 201,

203,

409/409L

Composition

Conforming

to IS-2062

(Carbon

Steels)

Thickness 160 mm 160x160

mm/200x200mm

5.0 to 63.0mm 3.0 to

6.0mm

0.05 to

0.8mm

(narrow

points-

600mm)

max

5, 6, 8 & 10

mm

Width 1550 mm

(max)

160 mm/200mm 1000/1219/1250/1550

mm

790, 870,

1000, 1219,

1250, 1550

mm

790, 870,

1000,

1219,

1250, 1550

mm

1250, 1300 &

1550 mm

Length 6 to 8 Meters 4 to 6 Meters 1000 to 6300 mm -- -- 1000 to 6300

mm

High

Carbon

Ferro

Chrome

Chromium 60-65%, Phosphorus 0.03% max, Silicon 4.0% max, Carbon 6-8%, Sulphur 0.05%

max

Size : 10-120mm, 

Products  ::  Stainless Steel Grades  ::  Applications  ::  General Terms and Conditions of Sale

The Indian steel industry has entered into a new development stage from 2005-06, with an average growth rate of 12 per cent per annum in steel output, for the last two years.

Production

The rapid rise in production has resulted in India becoming the worlds 5th largest producer of steel, up by two places, on the back of 50.71 million tons (MT) production of crude steel and 51.9 MT of finished steel. The production of finished steel grew by 16.52 per cent, from 44.54 MT in 2005-06 to 49.39 MT in 2006-07.

While the demand for steel will continue to grow in traditional sectors such as infrastructure, construction, housing automotive, steel tubes and pipes, consumer durables, packaging, and ground transportation, specialized steel will be increasingly used in hi-tech engineering industries such as power generation, petrochemicals, fertilizers, etc.

In the first half of FY07 (April-September), production of finished carbon steel was estimated at 24.8 MT – against 23.25 MT in the same period of the previous year – recording a growth rate of 6.6 per cent. During this period, pig iron production recorded a growth of 7.9 per cent, at 2.58 MT.

Presently, the government plans to increase production from the present 53 MT to 124 MT by 2011 and 200 MT by 2020, so as to narrow the gap between supply and demand. However, access to coking coal will be the key to the success of this strategy.

According to a report by the World Steel Dynamics (WSD), a leading global steel information service, the Indian steel industry has entered a period of massive growth not only in steel demand but also in steel making capacities.

Consumption

Driven a booming economy and concomitant demand levels, consumption of steel has grown by 12.5 per cent during the last three years, well above the 6.9 per cent envisaged in the National Steel Policy. For 2008 it has been forecast that the apparent steel use point in India will increase by 11.8 per cent in 2008.

Steel consumption amounted to 46.14 MT in 2006-07, against 41.43 MT in 2005-06, recording 11.36 per cent growth – higher than the world average. During the first half of 2007, steel consumption has grown by 13 per cent. For the period of April-September 2007-08, the total consumption (excluding double counting) of steel is 21.998 MT as compared to the 19.819 MT in the same period last year (as per data from the joint parliamentary committee).

A Credit Suisse Group study states that India's steel consumption will continue to grow by 16 per cent annually till 2012, fuelled by demand for construction projects worth US$ 1 trillion. The scope for raising the total consumption of steel is huge, given that per capita steel consumption is only 35 kg – compared to 150 kg across the world and 250 kg in China.

With this surge in demand level, steel producers have been reporting encouraging results. For example, the top six companies, which account for 70 per cent of the total production capacity, have recorded a year-on-year growth rate of 11.4 per cent, 12.7 per cent and 9.7 per cent in net sales, operating profit and net profit, respectively, during the second quarter of 2007-08. Tata Steel, the world’s 6th largest steelmaker, aims to double its returns on investment by 2012. Essar Steel is aiming to enhance its steel capacity from 4.6 million tons to 9 MT in Gujarat.

Exports

Along with growth in production, exports have increased by 6.26 per cent in 2006-07 over 2005-06 to touch 4.75 MT. Exports accelerated in the first six months of FY07, growing by 7.4 per cent to 2.6 MT – from 2.42 per cent in 2006. Yet, the Indian Steel Ministry has proposed an ad valorem export duty on chrome ore (Union Budget 2008), fearing fast depletion due to phenomenal rise in exports. The government aims to first meet the needs of the domestic industry.

Investment

A host of steel companies have lined up major investment proposals. Furthermore, with 13 billion tons of iron ore deposits, 5th largest in the world, and an expanding consumer market, the Indian steel industry is likely to receive huge domestic and foreign investments.

Already, Arcelor Mittal and Posco have assured a combined investment of US$ 32 billion. Also, China’s largest investment in India – more than US$ 1.999 billion over 5-10 years – is slated to come up in Karnataka with the setting up of Xindia Steels. And going by the ball park estimate of US$ 1.01 billion investment per MT of additional capacity, the steel industry is likely to attract an investment of US$ 69.97 billion by 2011-12 and US$ 220.02 billion by 2019-20.

A shower of steel plants

While some of the investment is directed at modernisation and upgradation of existing steel plants, a major share of it is to either set up new plants or expand existing capacities. From the biggest players like Arcelor Mittal and Tata Steel, to mid-level players like Bhushan Steel and Welspun, the next few years are a time to ramp up production capacity.

The Inter Ministerial Group constituted for the steel industry estimates steel production to grow at a CAGR of 16 per cent to touch 124.06 MT by 2011-12. This is significantly larger than the earlier official estimate of 80 MT. In fact, India's steelproduction capacity is estimated to be 200 MT by 2020.

Arcelor Mittal, the world's largest steelmaker, plans to set up two greenfield steel projects in India each with a capacity of 12 million ton per annum (MTPA).

Acerinox SA, the world's 2nd biggest stainless steelmaker, is joining hands with Japan's Nisshin Steel to build a steel plant in India.

Tata Steel, the world's fifth largest steel maker, plans to double its capacity by 2015, by adding another 35 MT capacity. India's largest steel manufacturer SAIL is planning to increase its annual production of 12 MTPA to 24.98 MTPA by 2011-12. Sinosteel Corp, China's 2nd biggest iron ore trader, plans to invest US$ 4 billion to build a 5 MT greenfield steel plant Kalyani Steels will set up an integrated steel and power project in West Bengal, at a cost of US$ 1.63 billion.

US$ 365.7 million investment coming in steel is coming up in Karnataka.

Mesco Steel plans to invest around US$ 2.8 billion in two steel plants - a brownfield expansion and the other a greenfield project-in Orissa.

Vedanta Resources plans to enter the Indian steel sector with a 5 MT plant at an investment of about US$ 6.02 billion in Orissa.

State-owned Steel Authority of India Ltd (SAIL) will invest US$ 5.006 billion in West Bengal. This is almost two-fifths of the US$ 13.27 billion spread planned by SAIL.

Global forays

Indian steel producers are spreading their footprints all over the globe. With the change in regulatory environment that has enabled Indian companies to stretch out to foreign shores, the country's steel industry is getting renewed global attention.

Tata Steel has acquired the Anglo-Dutch steelmaker Corus to become the world's 5th largest steelmaker, adding 19 MT of steel-making capacity.

Essar Global has acquired Canada's Algoma Steel for US$ 1.63 billion and US-based Minnesota Steel.

Naveen Jindal-promoted Jindal Steel & Power Ltd (JSPL) has bagged the US$ 2.1 billion contract for developing one of the world's largest iron ore deposits, El Mutun. The project includes a 2 MT steel plant in Bolivia.

JSW Steel has acquired Jindal United Steel Corporation, Saw Pipes USA and Jindal Enterprises LLC at Baytown, Texas, for US$ 940 million.

India's Steel Strips Wheels Ltd. has received an order from French car maker Renault SA worth US$ 27.56 million to supply around 1 million steel wheel rims for over 5 years.

India is poised to be the world’s 2nd largest producer of steel before 2016. India's steel production will be nearly 124 MT by 2012 and that the country could achieve an annual capacity of around 275 MT by 2019-20.

As India surges ahead, catapulting its industry to new economic heights, the Indian government plans to invest over US$ 350 billion in industries related to infrastructure and construction. In such a scenario, the Indian steel industry will see a boom for some time to come.

Recruitment process

Recruitment process

Recruitment process comprises three stages. Over the entire process all personal details are processed in line with effective regulations.

Stage I: Sending your applicationCurrent job offers at ArcelorMittal Poland can be found at our website under  Current Job Offers. If you are interested, apply now by filling in the form at our website. You can send your CV and letter of application by e-mail to kariera@arcelormittal.com

Stage II: InterviewIf you fulfill the job offer requirements, we will invite you to meet us and this process usually comprises two parts. During the interview we check the information provided by you in your application documents and obtain the information about your knowledge and skills. The next stage involves some tests and their form depends on the position you apply for. Tests are used to check candidates’ skills and personal characteristics.      Stage III: Interview with managerThose who meet the criteria for a given position are invited to an interview with their potential superior. This interview is a perfect opportunity for a candidate to ask questions. A decision whether to hire a candidate or not  is taken after the interviews are completed.   

ARCELOR MITTAL AT GUJARAT

Selection Process - Choosing the Right Candidate

Selecting a suitable candidate can be the biggest challenge for any organisation. According to Dale Yoder - "Selection is the process in which candidates for employment are divided into 2 classes - those who are to be offered employment and those who are not." The success of a sales organisation largely depends on its staff. Selection of  the right candidate builds the foundation of any organization's success and helps in reducing turnovers.

Though there is no fool proof selection procedure that will ensure low turnover and high profits, the following steps generally make up the selection process for the right sales personnel -

Pre Interview Screening & Preliminary Interview

This is generally the starting point of any employee selection process. Pre Interview Screeningeliminates unqualified applicants and helps save time. Applications received from various sources are scrutinized and irrelevant ones are discarded. A preliminary Interview may be conducted as well.

Application Form An candidate who passes the preliminary interview and is found to be eligible for the job is asked to fill in a formal application form. Such a form is designed in a way that it records the personal as well professional details of the prospective sales employee.

Personal Interview   Most sales managers believe that the personal interview is an absolute 'MUST'. It helps them in obtaining more information about the prospective employee. It also helps them in interacting with the candidate and judging his communication abilities, his ease of handling pressure etc. In some Companies, the selection process comprises only of the Interview.

Checking References

Most application forms include a section that requires prospective candidates to put down names of a few references. References can be classified into - former employer, former customers, business references, reputable persons. Such references are contacted to get a feedback on the person in question including his behaviour, skills, conduct etc.

Credit Checks

Many Companies check the financial condition of a prospective employee. If a person faces the burden of  heavy loan or debt, a prospective employer would want to know that.

Tests

Different types of tests are conducted to evaluate the capabilities of an applicant, his behaviour, special qualities etc. Separate tests are conducted for various types of jobs.

Physical Examination

If all goes well, then at this stage, a physical examination is conducted to make sure that the candidate enjoys sound health and does not suffer from any serious ailment.

Job Offer

A candidate who clears all the steps is finally considered right for a particular job and is presented with the job offer. An applicant can be dropped at any given stage if considered unfit for the job. Only after successfully clearing all the hurdles, an applicant can enjoy the feeling of being selected for a particular job.

Employing a new candidate for a company is very difficult for the interviewer. Because in this job market competitors are increased and new interview methods are introduced. There are many types of interviews. If you attended any interview you can realize that you had faced the given below interview types.

* Face to Face interview* Group interview* Behavioral interview* Telephone interview* Panel interview* Stress interview

Face to Face interview:Most of the interviews are face to face interviews. This is also known traditional interview in which job seekers meet the employers in face to face. Whether you are fresher or experienced you are in need to attend the interview. The advantage of the traditional interview is that the employer and job seekers can get to know each other about their environment. In face to face interview, they may ask questions like the strengths and weakness of the candidates,expecting salary etc.,Before interview the candidates should have knowledge about the company, their products and financial positions. Also the candidates must be prepared with their resumes. Most employers will ask questions from the resumes. So be prepared and dress neatly while going for interview.

Group interview:

Group interviews are conducted by some large companies for graduates who are all interviewed at one time. They may give some exercises to solve in a group and observes how the candidates react with other people. The group interview will show the candidates

* Knowledge level* Leadership qualities* Communication skill* Team work* Listening Capacity* Reaction under stress

In group interview express your opinion confidently and allow others to speak. Don't interfere while other candidates speaks. After the interview send at least one thank you letter, to the head of the committee

Behavioral Interview:In behavioral interviews,candidates are asked to explain their skills,experience, activities, hobbies,school projects, family life - anything really - as examples of your past behavior. The purpose of this type of interview is to predict future based on past experiences. This interview shows the candidates willingness in learning, willingness to travel, self-confidence and Creativity. Listen each question carefully, and give an example that provides an appropriate description of how you demonstrated the desired behavior.

Telephone interview:Telephone interview is a technique used to recruit the candidates for employment through phone. The main purpose of conducting telephone interview is to reduce the expenses of the out of state or out of town candidates. Telephone interview is also conducted in professional manner as like other interviews. During telephone interview you have to sell yourself only through your voice and confidence in speech. At the last, if you don't have confirm informations, be sure to ask for the interviewer's exact title and name spelling, along with a street or email address, so that you can send a thank you note. This method is used to obtain additional information about a candidate’s skills and experience than can be obtain from the application or resume.In this method, You never know when a company is going to call and you may not be prepared for the interview at that time. This will become one of the advantage for the company to know your capability and this situation makes them to judge you. Most of the companies use this method to eliminate the candidates who don't have essential skills, knowledge,education etc.,Candidates who are capable for the required position will attend the next level face to face interview.

Panel interview:In Panel interviews or Committee interviews candidates will meet several higher authorities and this method is used to hire for advanced positions. Questions may be asked by all panel members and you can expect any type of critical questions from them. Try to answer for all questions and be sure to impress all of the interviewers. The Panel members may be

* The supervisor* The manager* The human resource officer* The union representative* Employees who are in recruiting team

Make eye contact with each member of the panel while you answering the question. Preparing best before the interview will succeed you in this type of interview.

Stress interview:Stress interview creates discomfort in you and the main purpose of stress interview is to give you stress and difficult situation. This type of interview is to test the candidates ability in stress situations. The interviewer's may try to introduce stress by asking continuous questions without giving time to think and answer the questions. Starting you might be asked to wait in the waiting room for an hour before the interview. The interviewer might openly challenge your believes or judgement. You might be called upon to perform an impossible task on convincing the interviewer to exchange. Answer each question in calm as it comes. 

Panel Interview/Board Interview

Candidates are interviewed by two or more individuals. Governments and large organizations commonly use

this process. It is important to maintain eye contact with the person asking the question and give an answer

with an example to support it. Always acknowledge the other interviewers' presence by making eye contact

while answering questions. Direct your attention at the beginning and end of your response to the person

who asked you that question. The questions asked in the interview are often set out in advance. The board

may already have decided which answers they will accept/prefer for the questions. Ignore note-taking by

board members. Obtain employers' names prior to the interview and use them during the conversation.   

One-On-One Interviews

As the name suggest, a person interviews the candidate. These interviews tend to be more informal;

however, it always depends on the employer's style. The interviewer will often have a series of prepared

questions, but may have some flexibility in their choices. It is important to maintain eye contact with the

person interviewing you. 

Impromptu Interviews

This interview commonly occurs when employers are approached directly and tends to be very informal and

unstructured. Applicants should be prepared at all times for on-the-spot interviews, especially in situations

such as a job fair or a cold call. It is an ideal time for employers to ask the candidate some basic questions

to determine whether he/she may be interested in formally interviewing the candidate.

Second Interviews or Follow-Up Interviews

Employers invite those applicants they are seriously considering as an employee, following a screening or

initial interview. These interviews are generally conducted by middle or senior management, together or

separately. Applicants can expect more in-depth questions, and the employer will be expecting a greater

level of preparation on the part of the candidate. Applicants should continue to research the employer

following the first interview, and be prepared to use any information gained through the previous interview to

their advantage.  

Dinner Interviews

The interviews may be structured, informal, or socially situated, such as in a restaurant. Don't be the only

person at the table to order an alcoholic drink, and if you have an alcoholic drink, stop at one. Decide what

to eat quickly, some interviewers will ask you to order first (don't appear indecisive). Avoid potentially messy

foods, such as spaghetti. Be prepared for the conversation to abruptly change from 'friendly chat' to direct

interview questions, however, don't underestimate the value of casual discussion, some employers place a

great value on it.  

Telephone Interviews

Have a copy of your resume and any points you want to remember to say nearby. If you are on your home

telephone, make sure that all roommates or family members are aware of the interview (avoid loud stereos,

etc.). Speak a bit slower than usual. It is crucial that you convey your enthusiasm verbally, since the

interviewer cannot see your face. If there are pauses, don't worry, the interviewer is likely just making some

notes.

Group Interviews

Employers bringing several candidates together in a group situation to solve a problem are testing your

ability to work in a team environment. They want to know how you will present information to other people,

offer suggestions, relate to other ideas, and work to solve a problem. In short, they are testing your

interpersonal skills. It is difficult to prepare for this type of interview except to remember what is being testing

and to use the skills you have to be the best team player and/or leader you can be. Some employers will

take you to meet the staff who would be your co-workers if hired. This is a very casual type of interview, but

leaving a positive and friendly impression is no less critical.

Recruitment is of the most crucial roles of the human resource professionals. The level of performance of and organisation depends on the effectiveness of its recruitment function. Organisations have developed and follow recruitment strategies to hire the best talent for their organisation and to utilize their resources optimally. A successful recruitment strategy should be well planned and practical to attract more and good talent to apply in the organisation.

For formulating an effective and successful recruitment strategy, the strategy should cover the following elements:

1. Identifying and prioritizing jobs Requirements keep arising at various levels in every organisation; it is almost a never-ending process. It is impossible to fill all the positions immediately. Therefore, there is a need to identify the positions requiring immediate attention and action. To maintain the quality of the recruitment activities, it is useful to prioritize the vacancies whether to focus on all vacancies equally or focusing on key jobs first.

2. Candidates to targetThe recruitment process can be effective only if the organisation completely understands the requirements of the type of candidates that are required and will be beneficial for the organisation. This covers the following parameters as well:

Performance level required: Different strategies are required for focusing on hiring high performers and average performers.

Experience level required: the strategy should be clear as to what is the experience level required by the organisation. The candidate’s experience can range from being a fresher to experienced senior professionals.

Category of the candidate: the strategy should clearly define the target candidate. He/she can be from the same industry, different industry, unemployed, top performers of the industry etc.

3. Sources of recruitmentThe strategy should define various sources (external and internal) of recruitment. Which are the sources to be used and focused for the recruitment purposes for various positions. Employee referral is one of the most effective sources of recruitment.

4. Trained recruitersThe recruitment professionals conducting the interviews and the other recruitment activities should be well-trained and experienced to conduct the activities. They should also be aware of the major parameters and skills (e.g.: behavioural, technical etc.) to focus while interviewing and selecting a candidate.

5. How to evaluate the candidatesThe various parameters and the ways to judge them i.e. the entire recruitment process should be planned in advance. Like the rounds of technical interviews, HR interviews, written tests, psychometric tests etc.

In today’s rapidly changing business environment, a well defined recruitment policy is necessary for organizations to respond to its human resource requirements in time. Therefore, it is important to have a clear and concise recruitment policy in place, which can be executed effectively to recruit the best talent pool for the selection of the right candidate at the right place quickly. Creating a suitable recruitment policy is the first step in the efficient hiring process. A clear and concise recruitment policy helps ensure a sound recruitment process. 

It specifies the objectives of recruitment and provides a framework for implementation of recruitment programme. It may involve organizational system to be developed for implementing recruitment programmes and procedures by filling up vacancies with best qualified people.

COMPONENTS OF THE RECRUITMENT POLICY

The general recruitment policies and terms of the organisation

Recruitment services of consultants

Recruitment of temporary employees

Unique recruitment situations

The selection process

The job descriptions

The terms and conditions of the employment

A recruitment policy of an organisation should be such that:

It should focus on recruiting the best potential people.

To ensure that every applicant and employee is treated equally with dignity and respect.

Unbiased policy.

To aid and encourage employees in realizing their full potential.

Transparent, task oriented and merit based selection.

Weightage during selection given to factors that suit organization needs.

Optimization of manpower at the time of selection process.

Defining the competent authority to approve each selection.

Abides by relevant public policy and legislation on hiring and employment relationship.

Integrates employee needs with the organisational needs.

FACTORS AFFECTING RECRUITMENT POLICY

Organizational objectives

Personnel policies of the organization and its competitors.

Government policies on reservations.

Preferred sources of recruitment.

Need of the organization.

Recruitment costs and financial implications.