Copyright © 2015 McGraw-Hill Education. All rights reserved. No reproduction or distribution without the prior written consent of McGraw-Hill Education.

Chap

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Information Technology, the Internet, and You

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Learning Objectives

• Explain the parts of an information system: people, procedures, software, hardware, data, and the Internet.• Distinguish between system software and application software.• Differentiate between the kinds of system software programs.• Define and compare general purpose, specialized, and mobile applications. • Identify the four types of computers and the four types of personal computers.• Describe the different types of computer hardware, including the system unit, input,

output, storage, and communication devices.• Define data and describe document, worksheet, database, and presentation files. • Explain computer connectivity, the wireless revolution, the Internet, and cloud

computing.

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Introduction

•Personal computers are common tools in all areas of life. •New forms of learning have developed.•College course does not have to be a quarter or

semester any longer.

•Computers offer many new ways to communicate.

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Parts of an Information System

• People• Procedures• Software

• Hardware• Data• The Internet

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People

• Most important part of any system• Contact is• Direct• Indirect

• Computer uses• Entertainment• Business • Medicine• Education

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Software

There are two major kinds of software: • System Software• Application Software

The purpose of software is to convert data into information.

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System Software

• Enables application software to interact with the computer hardware• Background software helps manage resources• Collection of programs• Operating Systems• Utilities• Device Drivers

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System Software cont.

• Operating System • Coordinates computer resources• Provides the user interface• Runs applications

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System Software cont.

• Utilities• Perform specific tasks related to managing computer

resources• Antivirus Program

• Device Drivers• Programs designed to allow input or output devices

to communicate with the computer

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Application Software

• End-user software• Three types• General-Purpose applications• Specialized applications• Mobile apps

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Hardware – Types of Computers

SupercomputersMainframe computersMidrange computersPersonal computers

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Personal Computer Types

• Desktop• Laptop (Notebook)

• Tablet PC• Handheld

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Personal Computer Hardware

• Four basic categories of equipment• System Unit• Input/Output• Secondary Storage• Communications

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System Unit

• Two important components• Microprocessor• Memory• Holds data currently

being processed• Holds the processed information before

it is output• Temporary storage, contents are lost when

power is off

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Input• Keyboard• Mouse

Output• Printer• Monitor

Input/Output Devices

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Secondary Storage

• Holds data and programs even if power is off• Hard disk• Solid-state storage• No moving parts• More reliable• Requires less power

• Optical disc• Laser technology• Great capacity• CDs, DVDs, Blu-ray Return

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Communications

•Communication devices, such as modems, provide personal computers with the ability to communicate with other computer systems•Modems modify audio, video and other types of data

into a form that can be transmitted across the Internet

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Data

•Raw, unprocessed facts• Processed data becomes

information•Digital data is stored

electronically in files

•Document files•Worksheet files•Database files• Presentation files

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Document Files

• Created by word processors • Term papers• Memos• Letters

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Worksheet Files

• Created by electronic spreadsheets to analyze things like budgets and to predict sales

Return

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Database Files

• Typically created by database management programs to contain highly structured and organized data

Return

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Presentation Files

• Created by presentation graphics programs to prepare presentation materials.

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Connectivity and the Mobile Internet

• Connectivity• Sharing of information • Mobile/Wireless devices• Cloud computing and the Wireless Revolution

• Computer networks• Connected communication system of computers• Largest network is the Internet

• Cloud Computing• Uses the Internet and the Web to shift many computer

activities from a user’s computer to computers on the Internet

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Careers in IT

• For a complete listing of careers, visit http://www.mhhe.com/ce2015/ • Select Student Edition and then Careers

Career Description

Webmaster Develops and maintains websites and web resources. See page 52

Software Engineer Analyzes users’ needs and creates application software. See page 81

Computer Support Specialist Provides technical support to customers and other users. See page 105

Computer Technician Repairs and install computer components and systems. See page 132

Technical Writer Prepares instruction manuals, technical reports, and other scientific or technical documents. See page 159

Network Administrator Creates and maintains computer networks. See page 213

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A Look to the Future

Using and Understanding Information Technology• The Internet and the Web• Powerful Software• Powerful Hardware• Security, Privacy and Ethics• Organizations• Changing Times

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Open-Ended Questions (Page 1 of 2)

• Explain the parts of an information system. What part do people play in this system?

• What is system software? What kinds of programs are included in system software?

• Define and compare general-purpose applications, specialized, applications and apps. Describe some different types of general-purpose applications. Describe some types of specialized applications.

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Open-Ended Questions (Page 2 of 2)

• Describe the different types of computers. What is the most common type? What are the types of personal computers?

• What is connectivity? What are wireless devices and the wireless revolution? What is a computer network? What are the Internet and the Web? What is cloud computing?