internet & world wide web : how to program · 2013. 4. 10. · 8 contents 2.10 tables 86 2.11...
TRANSCRIPT
PIFTH EDITION
Paul Deitel
Deitel & Associates, Inc.
Harvey Deitel
Deitel &Associates, Inc.
Abbey Deitel
Deitel &Associates, Inc.
InternationalEdition contributions by
Soumen Mukherjee Amp Kumar Bhattacharjee
Boston Columbus Indianpolis New York San Francisco Upper Saddle River
Amsterdam Cape Town Dubai London Madrid Milan Munich Paris Montreal Toronto
Delhi Mexico City Sao Paulo Sydney Hong Kong Seoul Singapore Taipei Tokyo
Deitel
Preface
Before You Begin
1 Introduction to Computers and the In*
1.1 Introduction
1.2 The Internet in Industry and Research
1.3 HTML5, CSS3, JavaScript, Canvas and jQuery1.4 Demos
1.5 Evolution ofthe Internet and World Wide Web
1.6 Web Basics
1.7 Multitier Application Architecture
1.8 Client-Side Scripting versus Server-Side Scripting1.9 World Wide Web Consortium (W3C)1.10 Web 2.0: Going Social
1.11 Data Hierarchy1.12 Operating Systems
1.12.1 Desktop and Notebook Operating Systems1.12.2 Mobile Operating Systems
1.13 Types ofProgramming Languages1.14 Object Technology1.15 Keeping Up-to-Date with Information Technologies
2 Introduction to HTML5: Part I
2.1 Introduction
2.2 Editing HTML52.3 First HTML5 Example2.4 W3C HTML5 Validation Service
2.5 Headings2.6 Linking2.7 Images
2.7.1 alt Attribute
2.7.2 Void Elements
2.7.3 Using Images as Hyperlinks2.8 Special Characters and Horizontal Rules
2.9 Lists
8 Contents
2.10 Tables 86
2.11 Forms 90
2.12 Internal Linking 97
2.13 meta Elements 99
2.14 Web Resources 101
3 Introduction to HTML5: Part 2 108
3.1 Introduction 109
3.2 New HTML5 Form input Types 109
3.2.1 input Type color 112
3.2.2 i nput Type date 114
3.2.3 i nput Type datetime 114
3.2.4 input Type datetime-local 114
3.2.5 input Type email 115
3.2.6 input Type month 116
3.2.7 input Type number 116
3.2.8 i nput Type range 117
3.2.9 i nput Type search 117
3.2.10 i nput Type tel 118
3.2.11 input Type time 118
3.2.12 input Type url 119
3.2.13 input Type week 119
3.3 input and datalist Elements and autocomplete Attribute 119
3.3.1 input Element autocomplete Attribute 119
3.3.2 datalist Element 122
3.4 Page-Structure Elements 122
3.4.1 header Element 128
3.4.2 nav Element 128
3.4.3 fi gure Element and fi gcapti on Element 128
3.4.4 article Element 128
3.4.5 summary Element and details Element 128
3.4.6 section Element 128
3.4.7 aside Element 128
3.4.8 meter Element 129
3.4.9 footer Element 130
3.4.10 Text-Level Semantics: mark Element and wbr Element 130
4 Introduction to Cascading Style Sheets
(CSS): Part I 137
4.1 Introduction 138
4.2 Inline Styles 138
4.3 Embedded Style Sheets 140
4.4 Conflicting Styles 143
4.5 Linking External Style Sheets 146
Contents 9
4.6 Positioning Elements: Absolute Positioning, z-index 148
4.7 Positioning Elements: Relative Positioning, span 150
4.8 Backgrounds 152
4.9 Element Dimensions 154
4.10 Box Model and Text Flow 155
4.11 Media Types and Media Queries 15 9
4.12 Drop-Down Menus 162
4.13 (Optional) User Style Sheets 164
4.14 Web Resources 168
5 Introduction to Cascading Style Sheets
(CSS): Part 2 174
5.1 Introduction 175
5.2 Text Shadows 175
5.3 Rounded Corners 176
5.4 Color 177
5.5 Box Shadows 178
5.6 Linear Gradients; Introducing Vendor Prefixes 180
5.7 Radial Gradients 183
5.8 (Optional: WebKit Only) Text Stroke 185
5.9 Multiple Background Images 185
5.10 (Optional: WebKit Only) Reflections 187
5.11 Image Borders 188
5.12 Animation; Selectors 191
5.13 Transitions and Transformations 194
5.13.1 transition and transform Properties 194
5.13.2 Skew 196
5.13.3 Transitioning Between Images 197
5.14 Downloading Web Fonts and the ©font-face Rule 198
5.15 Flexible Box Layout Module and : nth-chi 1 d Selectors 200
5.16 Multicolumn Layout 203
5.17 Media Queries 205
5.18 Web Resources 209
6 JavaScript: Introduction to Scripting 217
6.1 Introduction 218
6.2 Your First Script: Displaying a Line ofText with JavaScript in a Web Page 218
6.3 Modifying Your First Script 221
6.4 Obtaining User Input with prompt Dialogs 224
6.4.1 Dynamic Welcome Page 224
6.4.2 Adding Integers 228
6.5 Memory Concepts 231
6.6 Arithmetic 232
6.7 Decision Making: Equality and Relational Operators 234
6.8 Web Resources 239
10 Contents
7 JavaScript: Control Statements 1 246
7.1 Introduction 247
7.2 Algorithms 2477.3 Pseudocode 2477.4 Control Statements 247
7.5 i f Selection Statement 250
7.6 if...else Selection Statement 251
7.7 whi 1 e Repetition Statement 255
7.8 Formulating Algorithms: Counter-Controlled Repetition 257
7.9 Formulating Algorithms: Sentinel-Controlled Repetition 260
7.10 Formulating Algorithms: Nested Control Statements 266
7.11 Assignment Operators 270
7.12 Increment and Decrement Operators 271
7.13 Web Resources 274
8 JavaScript: Control Statements II 283
8.1 Introduction 284
8.2 Essentials ofCounter-Controlled Repetition 284
8.3 for Repetition Statement 2858.4 Examples Using the for Statement 288
8.5 swi tch Multiple-Selection Statement 2938.6 do...while Repetition Statement 296
8.7 break and continue Statements 298
8.8 Logical Operators 300
8.9 Web Resources 303
9 JavaScript: Functions 310
9.1 Introduction 3119.2 Program Modules in JavaScript 311
9.3 Function Definitions 3129.3.1 Programmer-Defined Function square 3139.3.2 Programmer-Defined Function maxi mum 315
9.4 Notes on Programmer-Defined Functions 3179.5 Random Number Generation 318
9.5.1 Scaling and Shifting Random Numbers 318
9.5.2 Displaying Random Images 3199.5.3 Rolling Dice Repeatedly and Displaying Statistics 323
9.6 Example: Game ofChance; Introducing the HTML5audio and video Elements 328
9.7 Scope Rules 3389.8 JavaScript Global Functions 3409.9 Recursion 3419.10 Recursion vs. Iteration 345
Contents 11
10 JavaScript; Arrays 356
10.1 Introduction 357
10.2 Arrays 357
10.3 Declaring and Allocating Arrays 359
10.4 Examples Using Arrays 359
10.4.1 Creating, Initializing and Growing Arrays 359
10.4.2 Initializing Arrays with Initializer Lists 363
10.4.3 Summing the Elements ofan Array with for and for...in 364
10.4.4 Using the Elements of an Array as Counters 366
10.5 Random Image Generator Using Arrays 369
10.6 References and Reference Parameters 371
10.7 Passing Arrays to Functions 372
10.8 Sorting Arrays with Array Method sort 375
10.9 Searching Arrays with Array Method i ndexOf 376
10.10 Multidimensional Arrays 379
I 1 JavaScript: Objects 392
11.1 Introduction 393
11.2 Math Object 393
11.3 String Object 395
11.3.1 Fundamentals ofCharacters and Strings 395
11.3.2 Methods ofthe Stri ng Object 395
11.3-3 Character-Processing Methods 397
11.3.4 Searching Methods 398
11.3.5 Splitting Strings and Obtaining Substrings 401
11.4 Date Object 403
11.5 Boolean and Number Objects 408
11.6 document Object 409
11.7 Favorite Twitter Searches: HTML5 Web Storage 410
11.8 Using JSON to Represent Objects 417
12 Document Object Model (DOM):Objects and Collections 427
12.1 Introduction 428
12.2 Modeling a Document: DOM Nodes and Trees 428
12.3 Traversing and Modifying a DOM Tree 431
12.4 DOM Collections 441
12.5 Dynamic Styles 443
12.6 Using a Timer and Dynamic Styles to Create Animated Effects 445
13 JavaScript Event Handling: A Deeper Look 454
13.1 Introduction 455
12 Contents
13.2 Reviewing the load Event 455
13.3 Event mousemove and the event Object 457
13.4 Rollovers with mouseover and mouseout 461
13.5 Form Processing with focus and blur 465
13.6 More Form Processing with submit and reset 468
13.7 Event Bubbling 470
13.8 More Events 472
13.9 Web Resource 472
14 HTML5: Introduction to canvas 476
14.1 Introduction 477
14.2 canvas Coordinate System 477
14.3 Rectangles 478
14.4 Using Paths to Draw Lines 480
14.5 Drawing Arcs and Circles 482
14.6 Shadows 484
14.7 Quadratic Curves 486
14.8 Bezier Curves 488
14.9 Linear Gradients 489
14.10 Radial Gradients 491
14.11 Images 493
14.12 Image Manipulation: Processing the Individual Pixels of a canvas 495
14.13 Patterns 499
14.14 Transformations 500
14.14.1 scale and translate Methods: Drawing Ellipses 500
14.14.2 rotate Method: Creating an Animation 502
14.14.3 transform Method: Drawing Skewed Rectangles 504
14.15 Text 50614.16 Resizing the canvas to Fill the Browser Window 508
14.17 Alpha Transparency 509
14.18 Compositing 511
14.19 Cannon Game 514
14.19.1 HTML5 Document 51614.19.2 Instance Variables and Constants 516
14.19.3 Function setupGame 518
14.19.4 Functions startTimer and stopTimer 519
14.19.5 Function resetElements 519
14.19.6 Function newGame 520
14.19.7 Function updatePositions: Manual Frame-by-FrameAnimation and Simple Collision Detection 521
14.19.8 Function fi reCannonball 524
14.19.9 Function alignCannon 52514.19. lOFunction draw 52614.19.11 Function showGameOverDialog 528
14.20 save and restore Methods 528
Contents 13
14.21 A Note on SVG 530
14.22 A Note on canvas35D 531
15 XML 543
15.1 Introduction 544
15.2 XML Basics 544
15.3 Structuring Data 547
15.4 XML Namespaces 553
15.5 Document Type Definitions (DTDs) 555
15.6 W3C XML Schema Documents 558
15.7 XML Vocabularies 566
15.7.1 MathML 566
15.7.2 Other Markup Languages 569
15.8 Extensible Stylesheet Language and XSL Transformations 570
15.9 Document Object Model (DOM) 579
15.10 Web Resources 597
16 Ajax-Enabled Rich Internet Applicationswith XML and JSON 603
16.1 Introduction 604
16.1.1 Traditional Web Applications vs. Ajax Applications 605
16.1.2 Traditional Web Applications 605
16.1.3 Ajax Web Applications 606
16.2 Rich Internet Applications (RIAs) with Ajax 606
16.3 History ofAjax 609
16.4 "Raw" Ajax Example Using the XMLHttpRequest Object 609
16.4.1 Asynchronous Requests 610
16.4.2 Exception Handling 613
16.4.3 Callback Functions 614
16.4.4 XMLHttpRequest Object Event, Properties and Methods 614
16.5 Using XML and the DOM 615
16.6 Creating a Full-Scale Ajax-Enabled Application 619
16.6.1 Using JSON 619
16.6.2 Rich Functionality 620
16.6.3 Interacting with a Web Service on the Server 629
16.6.4 Parsing JSON Data 629
16.6.5 Creating HTML5 Elements and Setting Event Handlers on the Fly 630
16.6.6 Implementing Type-Ahead 630
16.6.7 Implementing a Form with Asynchronous Validation 631
1 7 Web Servers (Apache and IIS) 637
17.1 Introduction 638
17.2 HTTP Transactions 638
14 Contents
17.3 Multitier Application Architecture 642
17.4 Client-Side Scripting versus Server-Side Scripting 643
17.5 Accessing Web Servers 643
17.6 Apache, MySQL and PHP Installation 643
17.6.1 XAMPP Installation 644
17.6.2 Running XAMPP 644
17.6.3 Testing Your Setup 645
17.6.4 Running the Examples Using Apache HTTP Server 645
17.7 Microsoft IIS Express and WebMatrix 646
17.7.1 Installing and Running IIS Express 646
17.7.2 Installing and Running WebMatrix 646
17.7.3 Running the Client-Side Examples Using IIS Express 646
17.7.4 Running the PHP Examples Using IIS Express 647
18 Database: SQL, MySQL, LINQ and Java DB 649
18.1 Introduction 650
18.2 Relational Databases 650
18.3 Relational Database Overview: A books Database 652
18.4 SQL 655
18.4.1 Basic SELECT Query 656
18.4.2 WHERE Clause 656
18.4.3 ORDER BY Clause 658
18.4.4 Merging Data from Multiple Tables: INNER JOIN 660
18.4.5 INSERT Statement 661
18.4.6 UPDATE Statement 663
18.4.7 DELETE Statement 663
18.5 MySQL 664
18.5.1 Instructions for Setting Up a MySQL User Account 665
18.5.2 Creating Databases in MySQL 666
18.6 (Optional) Microsoft Language Integrate Query (LINQ) 666
18.6.1 Querying an Array of i nt Values Using LINQ 667
18.6.2 Querying an Array of Employee Objects Using LINQ 669
18.6.3 Querying a Generic Collection Using LINQ 674
18.7 (Optional) LINQ to SQL 676
18.8 (Optional) Querying a Database with LINQ 677
18.8.1 Creating LINQ to SQL Classes 677
18.8.2 Data Bindings Between Controls and the LINQ to SQL Classes 680
18.9 (Optional) Dynamically Binding LINQ to SQL Query Results 684
18.9.1 Creating the Display Query Results GUI 684
18.9.2 Coding the Display Query Results Application 68618.10 Java DB/Apache Derby 688
19 PHP 69619.1 Introduction 697
19.2 Simple PHP Program 698
Contents 15
19.3 Converting Between Data Types19.4 Arithmetic Operators19.5 Initializing and Manipulating Arrays19.6 String Comparisons19.7 String Processing with Regular Expressions
19.7.1 Searching for Expressions19.7.2 Representing Patterns
19.7.3 Finding Matches
19.7.4 Character Classes
19.7.5 Finding Multiple Instances of a Pattern
19.8 Form Processing and Business Logic19.8.1 Superglobal Arrays19.8.2 Using PHP to Process HTML5 Forms
19.9 Reading from a Database
19.10 Using Cookies
19.11 Dynamic Content
19.12 Web Resources
20 Web App Development with ASP.NET in C# 740
20.1 Introduction 741
20.2 Web Basics 742
20.3 Multitier Application Architecture 743
20.4 Your First ASP.NET Application 745
20.4.1 Building the WebTi me Application 747
20.4.2 Examining WebTi me. aspx's Code-Behind File 756
20.5 Standard Web Controls: Designing a Form 756
20.6 Validation Controls 761
20.7 Session Tracking 767
20.7.1 Cookies 768
20.7.2 Session Tracking with HttpSessionState 769
20.7.3 Opti ons. aspx: Selecting a Programming Language 772
20.7.4 Recommendati ons. aspx: Displaying Recommendations Based
on Session Values 775
20.8 Case Study: Database-Driven ASP.NET Guestbook 777
20.8.1 Building a Web Form that Displays Data from a Database 779
20.8.2 Modifying the Code-Behind File for the Guestbook Application 782
20.9 Case Study Introduction: ASP.NET AJAX 784
20.10 Case Study Introduction: Password-Protected Books Database Application 784
21 Web App Development with ASP.NET in C#:
A Deeper Look 790
21.1 Introduction 791
21.2 Case Study: Password-Protected Books Database Application 791
21.2.1 Examining the ASP.NET Web Site Template 792
21.2.2 Test-Driving the Completed Application 794
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16 Contents
21.2.3 Configuring the Website 79621.2.4 Modifying the Default.aspx and About, aspx Pages 799
21.2.5 Creating a Content Page That Only Authenticated Users Can Access 800
21.2.6 Linking from the Default, aspx Page to the Books, aspx Page 801
21.2.7 Modifying the Master Page (Site.master) 802
21.2.8 Customizing the Password-Protected Books .aspx Page 804
21.3 ASP.NET Ajax 809
21.3.1 Traditional Web Applications 809
21.3.2 Ajax Web Applications 810
21.3.3 Testing an ASP.NET Ajax Application 811
21.3.4 The ASP.NET Ajax Control Toolkit 812
21.3.5 Using Controls from the Ajax Control Toolkit 813
22 Web Services in C# 821
22.1 Introduction 822
22.2 WCF Services Basics 823
22.3 Simple Object Access Protocol (SOAP) 823
22.4 Representational State Transfer (REST) 824
22.5 JavaScript Object Notation QSON) 824
22.6 Publishing and Consuming SOAP-Based WCF Web Services 825
22.6.1 Creating a WCF Web Service 825
22.6.2 Code for the WeicomeSOAPXMLService 825
22.6.3 Building a SOAP WCF Web Service 826
22.6.4 Deploying the Wei comeSOAPXMLServi ce 828
22.6.5 Creating a Client to Consume the Wei comeSOAPXMLServi ce 829
22.6.6 Consuming the Wei comeSOAPXMLServi ce 831
22.7 Publishing and Consuming REST-Based XML Web Services 833
22.7.1 HTTP get and post Requests 833
22.7.2 Creating a REST-BasedXMLWCF Web Service 833
22.7.3 Consuming a REST-BasedXMLWCF Web Service 836
22.8 Publishing and Consuming REST-Based JSON Web Services 837
22.8.1 Creating a REST-Based JSON WCF Web Service 837
22.8.2 Consuming a REST-Based JSON WCF Web Service 839
22.9 Blackjack Web Service: Using Session Tracking in a SOAP-Based
WCF Web Service 841
22.9.1 Creating a Blackjack Web Service 841
22.9.2 Consuming the Blackjack Web Service 846
22.10 Airline Reservation Web Service: Database Access and Invoking a
Service from ASP.NET 85522.11 Equation Generator: Returning User-Defined Types 859
22.11.1 Creating the REST-Based XML EquationGenerator Web Service 862
22.11.2 Consuming the REST-Based XML EquationGeneratorWeb Service 863
22.11.3 Creating the REST-Based JSON WCF EquationGeneratorWeb Service 867
Contents 17
22.11.4 Consuming the REST-Based JSON WCF EquationCenerator
Web Service 867
22.12 Web Resources 871
23 Web App Development with ASP.NET in
Visual Basic 879
23.1 Introduction 880
23.2 Web Basics 881
23.3 Multitier Application Architecture 882
23.4 Your First ASP.NET Application 884
23.4.1 Building the WebTi me Application 886
23.4.2 Examining WebTi me. aspx's Code-Behind File 895
23.5 Standard Web Controls: Designing a Form 896
23.6 Validation Controls 901
23.7 Session Tracking 907
23.7.1 Cookies 908
23.7-2 Session Tracking with HttpSessionState 909
23.7.3 Opti ons. aspx: Selecting a Programming Language 911
23.7.4 Recommendati ons. aspx: Displaying Recommendations Based
on Session Values 915
23.8 Case Study: Database-Driven ASP.NET Guestbook 917
23.8.1 Building a Web Form that Displays Data from a Database 919
23.8.2 Modifying the Code-Behind File for the Guestbook Application 923
23.9 Online Case Study: ASP.NET AJAX 924
23.10 Online Case Study: Password-Protected Books Database Application 924
A HTML Special Characters 930
B HTML Colors 931
C JavaScript Operator Precedence Chart 934
D ASCII Character Set 936
Index 937
Chapters 24-29 and Appendices E-F are PDF documents posted online at the book's
Companion Website (located at www.pearsoninternationaleditions.com/deitel/).
24 Web App Development with ASP.NET in VB:
A Deeper Look
18 Contents
25 Web Services in Visual Basic
26 JavaServer Faces Web Apps: Part I
27 JavaServer Faces Web Apps: Part 2
28 Web Services in Java
29 HTML5 WebSockets and Web Workers
E Number Systems
F Unicode®