the INTERNET of THINGS (IoT)

where OMG’s Data Distribution Service (DDS)

stands

Abdullah Ozturk

@ Career Forum ’14 by Bilkent IEEE

@ BYK ’14 by Hacettepe ACM

Revolution from Internet to IoT

• The Internet revolutionized how people communicate, what they do, and how they work together.

• The next wave of the Internet will connect machines and devices together into functioning, intelligent systems.

Internet of Things (IoT)

• The Internet will be a network that connects any given device to any other given device with machine-to-machine communication (M2M).

• These interconnected devices – the Internet of Things – will work together with speed, scale and capabilities that are hard to predict.

Problems of Today’s IoT

• However, devices on today's Internet of Things communicate primarily with centralized servers.

• The lack of protocol is a direct obstacle to the IoT.

• If data will be trapped within centralized silos, it would remain more difficult to share; and more security and privacy concerns would be raised.

• It would have to travel farther and might be subject to congestion at hubs, slowing down services.

Solution

• Stronger and more widely used protocols used by more devices could create an Internet of Islands.

Requirements of IoT Systems

• Identification

• Sensing

• Communication

Communication Patterns

• device-to-device: Devices communicate with each other.

• device-to-server (cloud): Device data is collected and sent to the server (cloud) infrastructure.

• server-to-server: Device data is shared within, or among server infrastructures.

Communication Technologies

• MQTT: extremely lightweight publish/subscribe messaging transport.

• XMPP: technology for the near-real-time exchange of messages and presence notifications, where data is exchanged over XML streams.

• DDS: machine-to-machine middleware standard that aims to enable scalable, dependable, high-performance and interoperable data exchanges.

• AMQP: an open Internet Protocol standard for message-queuing communications.

• CoAP: a protocol intended to be used in very simple electronics devices that allows them to communicate interactively over the Internet.

DDS - Loose Coupling

• Publish-subscribe architecture promotes a loose coupling in space and time.

• Publishers and subscribers can join and leave to a data domain anytime, express their intent by topics.

• Enables distributed systems that are easier to design, implement, integrate, deploy and maintain.

DDS - Data Centric

• Employs a data-centric integration model to decouple applications.

• Infrastructure understands your data, allows filtering, and provides tailored data management through Quality-of-Services.

• In data-centric integration, data model is fully described using type description facilities and the model is discoverable and evolvable.

• Data-objects are uniquely identified across the data-space, and any state updates to the data-object are distributed as messages.

DDS - Rich QoS Control

• It targets device-to-device communications by differing significantly from the other protocols in QoS control.

• It allows fine control over data delivery by means of standard QoS policies, such as durability, reliability, history, deadline, time-based filtering, liveliness, transport priority, resource limits, and more.

DDS - Performance

• Provides the low latency, high throughput data communications required by high performance scalable systems.

• Specifies a compact data encoding on the wire.

• Uses light weight notification mechanisms.

• Keeps data copies to a minimum.

• Allows controlling timing, communication channel priority and resource utilization for real-time systems.

Industrial Internet

• Any technological device that is able to autonomously communicate to another device as well as access the Internet is an Intelligent System.

• Industrial Internet: an emerging trend that refers to the integration of big data, Internet of Things, machine-to-machine communications and cyber-physical systems.

Today

• Industrial Internet Consortium (IIC) has been formed with at least 10 companies -- including AT&T, Cisco Systems, GE, IBM, and Intel -- to set standards in the area.

• DDS is a strong candidate for protocol standardization.

• There may come a time when every automated system we touch will integrate the DDS middleware.

Future Work

• We at MilSOFT should carry out more research on how IoT world can benefit from DDS.

Thank You

• Questions?

http://aozturk.me

Abdullah OzturkTechnical Lead, MilSOFT DDS

References

• http://dds.milsoft.com.tr

• http://www.ge.com/docs/chapters/Industrial_Internet.pdf

• http://readwrite.com/2013/06/14/whats-holding-up-the-internet-of-things

• http://www.pcquest.com/pcquest/feature/214880/the-tech-behind-internet-things

• http://electronicdesign.com/embedded/understanding-protocols-behind-internet-things

• http://www.omg.org/news/meetings/tc/nj-13/special-events/iot-pdfs/corsaro.pdf

• http://www.wirelessdesignmag.com/articles/2013/07/data-distribution-service-intelligent-systems-backbone

• http://www.slideshare.net/RealTimeInnovations/comparison-of-mqtt-and-dds-as-m2m-protocols-for-the-internet-of-things

• http://blogs.rti.com/2013/05/08/mqtt-dds-m2m-protocol-internet-of-things

• http://www.embedded.com/electronics-blogs/cole-bin/4371184/Pub-sub--the-Internet-of-Things--and-6LoWPAN-connectivity

• http://sentientscience.com/whitepapers/embracing-future-industrial-internet-prognostics-next-wave-data-analytics/

• http://www.iiconsortium.org/docs/Industrial_Internet_Consortium-Introductory_White_Paper.pdf

• http://community.rti.com/sites/default/files/rti-aiaa-2013-draft.pdf