Internet of Things (IoT)

‘In the next century, planet earth will don an electronic skin. It will use the Internet as a scaffold to support and transmit its sensations.’-Neil Gross, 1999

By Adit Arora

How big will the IoT become?

• CISCO’s research shows that the IoT will generate $4.6 trillion over the next ten years for the public sector, and $14.4 trillion for the private sector.• By 2020 - 6.1 billion smartphone users.

• In 2015 - 1.4 billion smart phones shipped.• 4 times growth

• More than 50 billion things connected by 2020.• 6 times that in 2012.

IoT will change business and the lives of people at a fundamental level.

Impact of IoT

• The IoT impacts various sectors such as health care, industry, agriculture, environment and defense.• Within the next ten years, IoT would have impacted the

lives of more than 5 billion people who would all be connected through the internet.• More sectors such as your home, your city and even your

own body will be connected.• Cars would become Smart Cars, cities would become Smart

Cities.• The world as we know it would change significantly.

IoT use cases

MONITOR AN AGING FAMILY MEMBER

Using a wearable alarm button and other discrete wireless sensors placed around the home, the BeClose system can track your loved one's daily routine and give you peace of mind for their safety by alerting you to any serious disruptions detected in their normal schedule.

REMEMBER TO TAKE YOUR MEDS

GlowCaps fit prescription bottles and via a wireless chip provide services that help people stick with their prescription regimen; from reminder messages, all the way to refill and doctor coordination.

CHECK ON THE BABY

Aimed at helping to prevent SIDS, the Mimo monitor is a new kind of infant monitor that provides parents with real-time information about their baby's breathing, skin temperature, body position, and activity level on their smartphones.

TRACK YOUR ACTIVITY LEVELS

Using your smartphone's range of sensors (Accelerometer, Gyro, Video, Proximity, Compass, GPS, etc) and connectivity options (Cell, WiFi, Bluetooth, NFC, etc) you have a well equipped Internet of Things device in your pocket that can automatically monitor your movements, location, and workouts throughout the day.

HEAT YOUR HOME EFFICIENTLY

Smart thermostats like the Nest use sensors, real-time weather forecasts, and the actual activity in your home during the day to reduce your monthly energy usage by up to 30%, keeping you more comfortable, and offering to save you money on your utility bills.

TRACK DOWN THOSE LOST KEYS

You can easily track down those lost keys or cell phone in your house using Bluetooth and other wireless technology devices like the Cobra Tag.

KEEP YOUR PLANTS ALIVE

Whether taking care of a small hydroponic system or a large backyard lawn, systems like HarvestGeek with their suite of sensors and web connectivity help save you time and resources by keeping plants fed based on their actual growing needs and conditions while automating much of the labor processes.

KEEP TRACK OF YOUR ASSETS

The OnFarm solution combines real-time sensor data from soil moisture levels, weather forecasts, and pesticide usage from farming sites into a consolidated web dashboard. Farmers can use this data with advanced imaging and mapping information to spot crop issues and remotely monitor all of the farms assets and resource usage levels.

SAFETY FIRST

Enguage offers an electronic system that notifies authorities when a fire extinguisher is blocked, missing from its designated location or when its pressure falls below safe operating levels. Alerts can be sent directly through an instant email, phone call or pager notification to proper agencies and supervisors.

MAINTAIN & REPAIR

Sensors installed inside equipment will monitor if any parts have exceeded their designed thresholds, and will automatically send reports to owners and manufacturers if they have. Early predictions on equipment malfunctions can be made with parts and service maintenance can be automatically scheduled ahead of a an actual part failure.

KEEP STREETS CLEAN

Products like the cellular communication enabled Smart Belly trash use real-time data collection and alerts to let municipal services know when a bin needs to be emptied. This information can drastically reduce the number of pick-ups required, and translates into fuel and financial savings for communities service departments.

STOP DRIVING IN CIRCLES

With the use of installed sensors, mobile apps, and real-time web applications like those provided in Streetline’s ParkSight service, cities can optimize revenue, parking space availability and enable citizens to reduce their environmental impact by helping them quickly find an open spot for their cars.

LIGHT STREETS MORE EFFECTIVELY

This smart lighting system from Echelon allows a city to intelligently provide the right level of lighting needed by time of day, season, and weather conditions. Cities have shown a reduction in street lighting energy use by up to 30% using solutions like this.

TRACK WATER

The University of Berkeley's Floating Sensor Network project uses motorized drifters (Outfitted with cell communication, GPS, temperature, and salinity sensors) that can be quickly deployed in response to unanticipated events such as floods to track the movement of water, contaminants, and other conditions in waterways.

MONITOR POLLUTION LEVELS

The Air Quality Egg is a community-led air quality sensing system designed to allow anyone to collect high resolution readings of NO2 and CO concentrations outside of their home using an RF transmitter and ethernet driven base station. The data can then be shared to create a network of readings to be used by the community and general public. 

HELP PROTECT WILDLIFE

A project by Ground Labs and Lion Guardians is creating an open source wildlife tracking collar system to safeguard the Maasai herders cattle and protect the last 2000 lions living Southern Kenya. The system consists of a tracking collar that utilizes a GPS/GSM module to locate and track the lions and communicate their coordinates to researchers and Maasai herders via SMS.

STOP THE BLEEDING

Invisible Tracck is a wireless device being used in pilot programs to help combat illegal deforestation taking place in the Amazon. The battery operated devices are installed on select trees and as soon as the logged trees are in transit and able to connect to a mobile network (Up to a 20 mile range), an alert notification with location coordinates is sent to the Brazilian Institute of Environment so they can take action.

Why IoT? – Benefits of IoT

• More efficient• Saves time• Saves money

• Better communication• M2M communication• Lesser inefficiencies

• Faster and better output• Since machines can communicate with each other• No requirement of human interference

Why IoT? – Benefits of IoT

• Monitoring• Better management • Less wastage• Monitoring of devices

• Better quality of life• Businesses and industries along with homes improve• Everything easier and faster• More time and money saved

• Can be used in many fields• Shown in use cases

Why IoT? – Benefits of IoT for the industry

Improved customer experience

Reduced pollution

Additional revenue streams

Improved employee productivity

Reduced energy consumption

Better ability to predict consumer trends

Reduced working capital requirements

Less disruptions in manufacturing

More reliable services

The Future Awaits

The IoT is closer to being implemented than most people think. Most necessary technological advancements have

been made and my use cases show how it is already being implemented on a small scale. IoT will surge within the next

few years and will provide a revolution much like the industrial one which happened in the 1700’s. The question is, do you know how you or your company will face it? And will

you ride with it or get swept away by the change?

Cloud Computing

Definition

Cloud computing is a model for enabling convenient, on-demand network access to a shared pool of configurable computing resources (e.g., networks, servers, storage, applications, and services) that can be rapidly provisioned and released with minimal management effort or service provider interaction.

Introduction

• Delivery model of computing services over the internet• Real time development, deployment and delivery of a broad range

of products, services and solutions• Services and solutions that are delivered and consumed in

real time over the internet• For example, instead of using an email program on your

computer, you use a web email account which is based on the internet on sites such as Gmail, Hotmail, yahoo etc..

Cloud Service Models

• Software as a Service (SaaS)• Platform as a Service (PaaS)• Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS)

SaaS

• Largest cloud market• Uses the web to deliver applications that are managed by a

third party vendor• Eliminates the need to install and run applications on

individual devices• Easy maintenance for the vendor• Replaces traditional on device software• Email, google apps

PaaS

• Framework developers can build upon or customize• Development, testing and deployment of applications id

quick, simple an cost effective• Allows you to build applications using software and

technology already built into the PaaS• Increases developer productivity and utilization rates• Apprenda

IaaS

• Used for accessing and managing data infrastructure such as storage and networking• Consumers are responsible for managing

• Not the same as PaaS and SaaS• Can extend current data infrastructure depending on

requirement• Huge cost savings• Amazon Web Services, Google Compute Engine

Benefits of Cloud Computing

• Cost savings• Capital costs reduced• Cloud computing very affordable• Energy savings

• Reliable• Many servers available

• Strategic edge• Reduces provisional time• Cost savings

Benefits of Cloud Computing

• Scalability• Business continuity

• In case of natural disasters• In case of data loss

• Collaboration efficiency• Easy to share• Communicate (based on cloud computing model)

Private vs Public

Private Public

Company responsible for its own maintenance and management.

Not responsible for management. The provider gives that.

The company needs its own data centers.

Data centers of the provider can be used.

Provides more security and the information stays with the company and is not shared.

Reduces time for deployment and makes processes faster and easier.

More expensive over time when servers need replacing.

More expensive in the short term.

Better for larger companies which already have very expensive data centers.

Better for smaller companies which cannot afford their own data centers.

Cloud Computing in India

• Rapid growth• MNC’s see huge opportunities in India• To reach almost $2 billion by 2020• Continuous growth as more smartphones are connected

through the internet• Government investing in improved infrastructure

With the government providing huge support for technology in India and with already 300 million people connected

throughout the nation (through smartphones), cloud computing has a tremendous potential here. It is expected to

grow very rapidly with hesitation over security of cloud computing over. It has established itself as a safe, secure and cheaper way to store data and more companies are

looking to adopt it.

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