internet evolution in indonesia
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Internet Evolution in Indonesia. Onno W. Purbo [email protected] Ex. Civil Servant Ex. Lecturer at ITB Works for Indonesian People. Important Key Factor. Human Community Society NOT Technology NOT $$$. Major Achievements. Bottom-up Community based Sustainable development - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
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Internet Evolution in Indonesia
Onno W. [email protected]. Civil Servant
Ex. Lecturer at ITBWorks for Indonesian People
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Important Key Factor Human Community Society
NOT Technology NOT $$$
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Major Achievements Bottom-up Community based
Sustainable development No backup from World Bank, IMF,
ADB, in fact, some of these institutions are piggy back on our successes ..
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Overview Historical View Key Strategies in injecting a bottom-up
community based development. Internet community development Commercial ISP development Government & incumbent repressive
approaches. Technical aspects in empowering people’s
power to overrule the government ..
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Historical View Focus on Social (human) Aspects
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Network Topology: Jan 1993
LAN
InterNet
Universitas Indonesia
BPPTLAPAN
ITB
1200 bps2 Meteran
1200 bps UHF
1200 bpsUHF
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Homebrew Radio Modem
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Software & PC based 286 & e-mail only Freeware network operating
system (NOS) Downloadable from
ftp://ftp.ucsd.edu/hamradio/packet/
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AI3 Indonesia: 1997
AI3Indonesia IIX
WIDE
AI3 S-One /SingaREN vBNS
STARTAP
CA*net3
TransPAC
APAN
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Success Factor Community based development. Human Resource Development
Culture! Shifting mind set!
Self-financing.
Human is the key factor!
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Key strategies:Community Based Dev’t
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Key Strategies Human factor is the most important KEY. Provide Free Education to the Society Copyleft & Copywrong movement
Free? How about the reward? God provides reward in unimaginable ways.
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Society Education Process
Surfing
PublishPackaging Disseminate
Feed Back
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Real Examples http://www.bogor.net/idkf Mailing lists
[email protected] [email protected] [email protected] [email protected]
Roadshow Linux seminar, entrance fee US$3/person Free seminars at schools part of JIS.
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Internet Community Development
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Access Behaviour Source: Adi Nugroho
[email protected] 50% Internet Café in Makassar,
Sulawesi 20-27 January 2002.
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Logged Access Sites in Makassar*.yahoo.com 6.96%*.yimg.com 6.77%*.bolehmail.com 4.69%<error> 2.98%*.plasa.com 2.52%*.astaga.com 2.02%*.17tahun.com 1.72%*.doubleclick.net 1.46%*.extrajos.com 1.40%*.msn.com 1.16%*.akamai.net 1.00%*.freebiespider.com 0.85%*.geocities.com 0.76%*.rileks.com 0.75%> 202.53.225.* 0.74%> *.chek.com 0.61%> *.detik.com 0.49%> *.adbutler.com 0.44%> *.kompas.com 0.40%> *.icq.com 0.27%> other: 2nd-level-domains 62.01%> --------------------------------------- ------> Sum 100.00%
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Access Behaviour Search engine & webmail are the the most accessed site.
News & online media are next. Indonesian pornograhics site is next in the row (not much).
2.98% users normally mistype the URL.
Yahoo.com & its family is the most (13%) accessed site.
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Indonesian Internet Communities http://www.yahoogroups.com http://groups.yahoo.com http://groups.plasa.com
Survey done at yahoogroups.com
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Evaluate yahoogroups.com 45.000+ indonesian mailing lists Mostly <100 subscribers Evaluate only >100 subscribers
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EvaluationTotal mailinglist 49913Evaluated 30195 (60.5%)Mailing list > 100 subs
1247 (4.2%)
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Mailing liststotal 1247Pornography 73 (5.9%)Social 350 (28.1%)Religion 155 (12.4%)Politics 94 (7.5%)Knowledge 257 (20.6%)Hobby 110 (8.8%)Economics 16 (1.3%)Business 192 (15.4%)
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Subscriberstotal 451887Pornography 59871 (13.2%)Social 87875 (19.4%)Religion 55055 (12.2%)Politics 32124 (7.1%)Knowledge 83736 (18.5%)Hobby 48342 (10.7%)Economics 4595 (1.0%)Business 80289 (17.8%)
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Messages in 2001total 1593523Pornography 42590 (2.7%)Social 371749 (23.3%)Religion 190427 (12.0%)Politics 186583 (11.7%)Knowledge 291544 (18.3%)Hobby 236023 (14.8%)Economics 13542 (0.8%)Business 261065 (16.4%)
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Activeness (msg/subs/month)Pornography 0.71Social 4.23Religion 3.46Politics 5.81Knowledge 3.48Hobby 4.88Economics 2.95Business 3.25
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Bandwidth (Kbps)total 1,711Pornography 704 (41.2%)Social 236 (13.8%)Religion 146 (8.5%)Politics 113 (6.6%)Knowledge 270 (15.8%)Hobby 103 (6.0%)Economics 9 (0.6%)Business 128 (7.5%)
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Commercial ISP Development
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Commercial ISPs APJII = Indonesian ISP Association http://www.apjii.or.id IndoNet
the first Indonesian commercial ISP in 1994.
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APJII Membership 150+ Principal License Holder 80 Member APJII 40+ active in providing services 100+ cities, all provinces Common Facilities
APJII IIX APJII IDNIC
Domain Registration & NIR (APNIC)
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Principal & Operational License
2
16
1
1913
6
17
3 1
72
71
6
20
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
1994 1996 1998 2000
PrinsipOperasi
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Subscriber Distribution
Indosat15%
Linket11%
CBN10%
RadNet7%
Centrin7%
Indonet5%
Lain245%
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Targeted Total Indonesian Internet Users
0.0
1.0
2.0
3.0
4.0
5.0
6.0
1999 2000 2001 2002
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ISP
Indonesia Internet Exchange
ISP
GLOBAL INTERNETGLOBAL INTERNET
APJII – IIXAPJII – IIX(GCC TELKOM)(GCC TELKOM)
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Indonesia Internet Disaster ..
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Facing Stubborn Incumbent The Incumbent is paranoid on VoIP
US$30/incoming call line/month; from normally US$3/month
No E1 lines for Indosat & may ISPs No E1 lines for offices
The stubborn incumbent is stubborn Purposely no lines for ISP in several
islands.
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Gov’t Emergency Task Force Sickness in Gov’t Policy Framework
No competitive safeguard ISP must uses PSTN lines; while Telco
doesn’t want to give lines to ISP … Sickness in Gov’t Tactical Framework
No creativities are allowed Illegaly sweeping all “illegal” VoIP operators Illegaly sweeping all “illegal” high-speed
Internet Wireless users. Not to mention the unofficial gov’t taxes.
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Technical aspects in empowering people’s power
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Current Technology Push Wireless Internet 11-54Mbps
Estimated cost US$150 / unit “Unlicensed” band 2.4Ghz, 5-
5.8GHz
Build own network, no Telco!
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Wireless 11Mbps PCI Card
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2.4Ghz Ant.
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Some grassroots movements Internet Café High Speed Wireless Internet (11-
54Mbps)
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Indonesian Internet Cafes 2000+ Internet Cafes Mostly self-finance Hangout at
Fight for expanding own network & concept towards community based network.
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Indonesian Wireless Internet Close to 1000 corporate users Uses 11Mbps (soon 54Mbps)
wireless connection 2.4GHz (soon at 5-5.8GHz) Hangout [email protected]
Fight for free frequency license
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Aims for .. People’s Telecommunication
Infrastructure. No Incumbent / Telco No Government No IMF, No World Bank, No ADB