international telecommunication union committed to connecting the world cristina bueti advisor,...

InternationalTelecommunicationUnion

Committed to connecting the world

http://www.itu.int/en/ITU-T/emf/Pages/default.aspx

Cristina BuetiAdvisor, ITU-T Study Group 5

An overview of ITU's activities on EMF



The ICT revolution

By end 2014, there will be:~ 3 billion Internet users,

two-thirds of them coming from the developing world

the number of mobile-broadband subscriptions will reach 2.3 billion globally (5% of these subscriptions are expected to be in the developing world)

mobile-cellular subscriptions will reach almost 7 billion by end 2014

Source: ITU, The World in 2014: ICT Facts and Figureswww.itu.int/en/ITU-D/statistics



The issue…

It can generate a lack of trust, which may become fear…

The electromagnetic fields are unknown and

undetectable for people…

Lack ofcommunication and

information to citizens…

Lack of regulation and/or

non-compliance...



Regulation of non-ionizing radiations

Emission standards:Specifications that limit the emission of electromagnetic fields (EMF) from the devices

Exposure standards:Specifications that limit the exposure of people to the Electromagnetic fields (EMF)



How can global standards help…

Facilitate compliance with international standards

Strengthen collaboration among stakeholders

Ensure transparency

Enhance communication with citizens



ITU-T Study Group 5

Lead study group for: electromagnetic compatibility and

electromagnetic effects

WP2/5 Electromagnetic fields: emission, immunity and

human exposure

WP3/5 ICT and climate

change

6 Questions

7 Questions

5 Questions

WP1/5Damage

prevention and safety

Q7/5 Human exposure to electromagnetic fields

(EMFs) due to radio systems and mobile equipment



Question 7/5

Main study area:Real site measurements and modeling of the multiple sources operating on different frequencies and transmitting antennas; Determine the validity of electromagnetic field predictions;

Procedures and guidance on numerical modeling of EMFs in the areas around telecommunication transmitting antennas and various systems;

Guidance based on existing SAR measuring and calculating procedures, techniques and protocols for evaluating EMF due to ICT equipment;

Handbook to answer frequently questions about human exposure to EMF.

Human exposure to electromagnetic fields (EMFs) due to radio systems and mobile equipment



Question 7/5

Main tasks:

Develop Recommendations for the telecommunication sector;

Implement the mandate of the ITU Resolutions on EMF;

Collaboration with other standardization bodies (IEC, CENELEC, WHO) in order to avoid duplication of work;

Maintenance and enhancement of the existing Recommendations.

Human exposure to electromagnetic fields (EMFs) due to radio systems and mobile equipment


Committed to connecting the world 9

ITU-T SG5Focus Group on Smart Sustainable Cities (FG–SSC)

FG-SSC includes „EMF Considerations in Smart Sustainable Cities„

The design and deployment of wireless networks must ensure electromagnetic field (EMF) compliance and minimize human exposure to radio frequency (RF) radiationEMF considerations in Smart Sustainable Cities have to ensure the networks and connected devices operate safely and most efficiently

http://www.itu.int/en/ITU-T/focusgroups/ssc/Pages/default.aspx



Typical EMF assessment

SafetyEMF compliance at sitesOccupational Health & Safety (OH&S) for workers and public

EnvironmentalRadio signals in the communityEducational & informative



EMF assessment methods

EMF assessment method depends on site & environment

Calculations - suitable in many cases, & have significant benefits - accurate, fast & cost effective

Measurements - required in very complex environments

Field monitoring

• Field monitoring is effective when working on towers for safety

• Field surveys can provide public reassurance

• Continuous monitoring – limited long term benefit where EMF levels are low and stable

ITU-T Recommendations - guidance on both calculation and measurements

Calculations or measurements?



ITU-T Recommendations for EMF assessment

ITU-T K.52 Guidance on complying with limits for human exposure to electromagnetic fields

ITU-T K.61 Guidance on measurement and numerical prediction of electromagnetic fields for compliance with human exposure limits for telecommunication installations

ITU-T K.70 Mitigation techniques to limit human exposure to EMFs in the vicinity of radiocommunication stations – includes EMF Estimator software

ITU-T K.83 Monitoring of electromagnetic field levels

ITU-T K.91 Guidance for assessment, evaluation and monitoring of human exposure to radio frequency electromagnetic fields

ITU-T K.100 Measurement of radio frequency electromagnetic fields to determine compliance with human exposure limits when a base station is put into service



Highlights on deliverables - continued

ITU-T K. 52 aims to help with compliance with safety limits for human exposure to EMFs;

Provides guidance on calculation method, and installation assessment procedure;

Is based on safety limits provided by ICNIRP; Determines the likelihood of installation

compliance based on accessibility criteria, antenna properties and emitter power;

Recommends IEC Standard for the compliance measurement of mobile handsets.




ITU-T K. 61 helps telecommunication operators to verify compliance with exposure standards promulgated by local or national authorities;

Provides guidance on measurement methods that can be used to achieve a compliance assessment;

Provides guidance on the selection of numerical methods suitable for exposure prediction in various situations.

K.61_F02

Antenna Reflecting wall

Reflecting surface

directreflection

no reflection




ITU-T K. 70 defines techniques which may be used by telecommunication operators to evaluate the cumulative (total) exposure ratio in the vicinity of transmitting antennas and to identify the main source of radiation;

Provides guidance on mitigation methods which allow reduction of radiation level;

Provides guidance on procedures necessary in the environment (on site) in which, in most cases, there is a simultaneous exposure to multiple frequencies from many different sources;

Includes a software provided that implements the methodology: EMF estimator




ITU-T K.83 provides guidance on how to make long-term measurements and monitoring of EMF in the selected areas that are under public concern, in order to show that EMFs are under control and under the limits;

Implementation of Recommendation ITU-T K.83 "Monitoring of electromagnetic field levels" in countries (e.g. Argentina, Brazil, Colombia, Ecuador, El Salvador and Uruguay).




ITU-T K.91 provides guidance on how to assess and monitor human exposure to radio frequency (RF) electromagnetic fields (EMF) in areas with surrounding radio communication installations based on existing exposure and compliance standards, based on existing exposure and compliance standards in the frequency range of 9 kHz to 300 GHz;

includes advantages and disadvantages of methods.




Answers to typical questions asked by the public on EMF, and to address typical misunderstandings on EMF matters in the society

Provides education and information: promoting EMF information and education resources suitable for all communities, stakeholders and governments.

Supports clarification of the science: referencing the WHO and other stakeholders providing information most useful in helping clarify scientific uncertainties e.g. in the areas of Radio Frequency technology, infrastructure implementation, usage, and consequential EMF exposure.

Guide on electromagnetic fields and health ( Supplement 1 to Recommendation ITU-T K.91)




ITU-T K.100 provides guidance on how to measure radio frequency electromagnetic fields in order to determine compliance with human exposure limits when a base station is put into service



Deliverables under study

ITU-T K.env - Guidance on the Environmental Management for Electromagnetic Radiation from Radiocommunication Base Stations

ITU-T K.maps - Maps of the RF EMF



EMF flyer and website



ITU-D Study Group 2Question 7/2 - Strategies and policies concerning

human exposure to electromagnetic fields

Q7/2 was agreed on at WTDC-14 for the 2014-2018 study period.

Q7/2 is a continuation of ITU-D SG1 Q23/1 (Final deliverables online in all six languages at: http://www.itu.int/pub/D-STG-SG01.23-2014).

Topics to be studied under Question 7/2: Compilation and analysis of envisaged or adopted regulatory policies on

human exposure to electromagnetic fields authorizing the installation of radiocommunication sites and telecommunication systems over electric power lines;

Description of strategies or methods for raising awareness and informing people about the effects of electromagnetic fields caused by radio systems;

Preparation guidelines and best practices.



ITU-D Study Group 2

Expected outcomes:

Report(s) and Guidelines Providing information on regulatory policies concerning EMF.

Describing strategies for raising the awareness and sharing information about the possible effects of EMF and related country case studies.

Sharing country experiences related to the regulation and measurements of the EMF.

Providing information that may assist Member States in resolving common issues faced by different stakeholders, notably regulatory bodies when it comes to EMF.

Etc. (details will be shared in the work plan for the Question) *First meeting of Q7/2 for the new study cycle:During the ITU-D SG2 meeting in Geneva, 22-26 September 2014

Details on how to participate are available here:

http://www.itu.int/ITU-D/CDS/sg/blkmeetings.asp?lg=1&sp=2014&blk=13709



ITU-R Study Groups

Study Group Department

Study Group 1 (SG 1) - Spectrum management

Study Group 3 (SG 3) - Radiowave propagation

Study Group 4 (SG 4) - Satellite services

Study Group 5 (SG 5) - Terrestrial services

Study Group 6 (SG 6) - Broadcasting service

Study Group 7 (SG 7) - Science services

ITU-R Activities on human exposure to non-ionizing radiation



ITU-R Study Groups

Spectrum management

Handbook on Spectrum monitoring – Edition 2011http://www.itu.int/pub/R-HDB-23-2011/en

Non-ionizing radiation measurements, § 5.6

Measurement procedures/techniques and instruments

Covers 9 kHz – 6 GHz range and above

Different types of signals and services

ICNIRP 1998: Reference levels for occupationaland general public exposure to time-varyingelectric and magnetic fields



ITU-R Study GroupsBroadcasting service

Provides:

Considerations relating to field strengths and characteristics also in the near field and for the bands:

• LF/MF bands (150-1 605 kHz)

• HF bands (3-30 MHz)

• VHF/UHF bands (30 MHz-3 GHz)

• SHF (3-30 GHz)

Closed solutions and numerical procedures for calculating exposure to non-ionizing radiation

Recommendation ITU-R BS.1698Evaluating fields from terrestrial BC transmitting systems operating in any frequency band for assessing exposure to non-ionizing radiation.



ITU-R Study GroupsBroadcasting service

Provides:

Measurement techniques and required instrumentation for measuring EMF and exposure levels

Precautionary measures to be taken at transmitting stations and in their vicinity

Exposure limits and derived levels based on:

• IEEE/ANSI (1992)

• ICNIRP (April 1998)

• NRPB (UK, 1993)

Recommendation ITU-R BS.1698Evaluating fields from terrestrial BC transmitting systems operating in any frequency band for assessing exposure to non-ionizing radiation.



Purpose of ITU’s activities

EMF safetyImportant to assess EMF compliance at sitesImportant to establish Occupational Health & Safety (OH&S) procedures

EnvironmentalEducational and informativeCalculation vs monitoring – a balance is needed

Effective public communication


Committed to connecting the world 29

Conclusions

Compliance with EMF exposure limits is a substantial factor in SSC development

Good communication with public is a very important task

Efficient deployment of wireless infrastructure reduces the RF EMF from networks and devices

ITU guidance may be helpful in smooth and safe implementation of wireless systems



Thank you

ITU-T/SG5 “Environment & Climate Change”itu.int/go/tsg5

ITU-T/SG5 Series K Recommendations (free of charge)itu.int/ITU-T/recommendations/index_sg.aspx?sg=5

ITU and EMFitu.int/go/emfs

international telecommunication union committed to connecting the world cristina bueti advisor,...

Documents

electromagnetic fields

international standards

world question

world http

electromagnetic compatibility

telecommunication sector

world itut study group

exposure of people