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VOLUME 4

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ESTING AND

MONITORING

J Table of Contents

HIGH VOLTAGE TESTING AND MONITORING

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7

17

Interlaboratory Comparison of Transfer Standards for Direct Voltage Calibration

of Industrial Measuring SystemsTerence R. McGoab, John S. Dunn, DM Burgess, Juris Rungls, Yi Li, L. Van Her Inn, I Hoffman

European Intercomparison of H. V. Impulse Measuring Systems with Digital RecorderJirl Hallstrom, Uartii Mo, H. Karlsson, Jukka Piiroinen, P. Valve, Klaus Son en, Wolfgang Lucas, KM. Tangen,

L-D, Bunnarsson, M. Wedberg, I, Blanc, P. Bournay, Bertram! Sacepe, Giuseppe Bini, Biancarlo Pesavente,Benato Bohbo, Karl-Heini Week, H.-J, Krister, Francisco Hem Gomes, S.M. Benda-Berlign, Leo Scheltinga,Fernando Barnacbo, Michael Mafir, Hermig Benger

Development of Harmonic Measuring Instruments Using Optical Voltage and

Current Sensor Systems for Power Distribution Lines 13

Tadamitsu Kanaka, Toshinori Tstiji, Junya Ohdou, Masahisa Otsubo, Chikahisa Honda, Mamoru Janahara,Yoshiyuki Veda, Masayuki Uejima

High Bandwidth Potential-free Electric Field Probe for the Measurement of

Three-dimensional FieldsThomas Krauss, IN. Kohler, Kurt feser

Computing of Impulse Voltages in Transformers Considering Nonlinear Core Reaction 21

Jakub Furgal

Experience of MV Class Intercomparison Test for Impulse Measuring Systems in Japan 25

Masaro Isfiii, Hiroshi Uonse, Hiroshi Koyami, Seisuke Hishimura

Analysis of Partial Discharge Calibration Difficulties in HV Rotating Machines 29

Hugh Ihu

Programmable Impulse Charge Generator for Calibrating PD instruments 33

Klaus Schon, Hans-Dieter Valentin!

A New DC Voltage Test System with Fast Polarity Reverse 37

Wolfgang Schuflt, Y. Sotanda

Progress in High Voltage Testing of Gas Insulated Transmission Lines 41

irmin Blessner, Hermann Koch, Eielhard Kynast, Undress Schuette

The Calibration of a Calculable Impulse Voltage Calibrator 45

Yi Li, Hubert Sheehy, Juris Rungis

Parameter Determination of IEC-TDG by Directly Solving Non-linear Equation 51

Shoji Sato, Takayeki Wakimoto, Tatsuya Harada, Masamori Saekl, Masayuki Sasaki

Calibration Procedures for Analog and Digital Partial Discharge Measuring Instruments 55

linti Bolski

Uncertainties and Tolerances in H.V. Tests 59

Bluseppe Ungates

New Comprehensive Test Methods and Insulation Diagnoses of High VoltageInsulating Composites and Tools 63

Ihihai Tian, Yueoan Feng, Bong Chen

Comparison of Two Techniques for Calibrating PD Calibrators 67

Lucas Wolfgang, Klaus Scbon, Berhard Lemke, Hendryk llze

Numerical Convolution Technique for Qualifying HV Impulse Dividers 71

Klaus Schon, Michael Bllnka

Alternating Voltage On-site Testing of XLPE Cables: The Parameter Selection of

Frequency-tuned Resonant Test SystemsUBmB Hannover 89

Wolfgang Hamhlli, Wolfgang Schufft, Jochen Spiegelherg 120 9Q9 456

75

A New Partial Discharge Location Technique for Power Cables Based on

the Extension of the Characteristic Impedance 79

Hossem Nabi Bidbendi, Qi Su

A Study of Failure Modes of Large Power System Transformers 83

Muhammad Salman Aslam Mmhas, PJ. Be Klerk, Jan Peters Beynders

Partial Discharge Location for Cables with Helical Earth Screens 87Hossem Nabi Bidbendi, Oi Su

Impulse Voltage Response of Motors: A Comparative Investigation 91Ibrahim A Mentally

Distortion of Partial Discharge Images Caused by High Voltage Harmonics 95Marek Florkowski

A Comparison between On- and Off-line PD Measurements of Stator Windings 99

Erich Binder, Adolf Braxler, Hermann Egger, Alfred Hummer

On-line Partial Discharge Monitoring of Statorwindings: Comparison of Different Sensors 105

AIM Pimen, W. de Leeuw, Piet C.T van der Lean

Experience with Two Faulty Composite Insulators Detection Methods in Hydro-Quebec 109

Georges H. Vaillancourt, M. Hamel, J. Frate

Transformer PD Diagnosis Using Acoustic Emission Technique 115

Terd Bengtsson, Hikan Kols, BengtJonsson

Transformer Condition Monitoring by Frequency Response Analysis 119A.J. Vandermaar, May G. Wang

Tap-changer Acoustic Monitoring 123Tori Bengtsson, Hikan Kols, Lars Martlnsson, Marc Foata, Francois Leonard, Claude Bajotte, Jacques Aubin

A New Method for Evaluating Transfer Functions of Power Transformers 127

Thomas J. Leibtrled, KurtFesar

Application of Wavelet Analysis to the Detection of Transformer Winding Deformation 131

Yo Wang, Yanming Li, Yoobang Qiu

On-line Diagnosis of Mo Varistors 135

Klaus Dengler, Kurt Feser, W. Kohler, Walter Schmidt, Bernhard Bichter

In Service Diagnostic of Composite Insulators EDPs Test Results 139Eric Spanganberg, Buy Blquel

Benefit Case Studies of On-line Condition Monitoring Systems for HV Circuit Breakers 143

M Landry, B. Balgneault, Jean-Francois Theoret, A Mereier, B Bonnet, B. Schv/abe, S. lelingher

On-site Quality Assessment of SFe Using Ion Mobility Spectrometry 147Oliver Soppart, Jdrg Ingo Baumbach, Sandra Mara Alberti, Oieter Klockow

A Technique for On-line Monitoring of ZnO Surge Arrester 151

CI Spellman, Abienahmane Haddad

Innovative Methods to Detect, Classify and Solve Interfacial Ageing Problems in

Minerally Filled Epoxies 155

Jens-Martin Seifert, Astrii Herden, Hans Christian Karner

A New Hot-line Diagnostic Method for XLPE Power Cable - Deterioration Signalof AC Superposition Method 159

Shlnlchl Sugiyama, Takao Kumama, Masahiro Hotta, Toshinari Hashiiume, Tsuneo Tanl

Partial Discharge Detection for a Long Distance GIL 163

Makoto Miyashita, Takeshi Egam, Akmobu Mtyazaki, Haoki Takmami, Shuichi Sakuma, Mltsuhlto Kernel

Partial Discharge Measurement in Long Distance SFe Gas Insulated Transmission Line (GIL) 167

Hitoshi Skubo, Masanobu Yoshida, Tosbihiro Takahashi, Toshlhlro Hoshino, Masayuki Hikita, Akinobu Miyazaki

Partial Discharge Measurements: Parameters to Assess the Insulation Dielectric State 171

Charles Hantouche

Detection of Vapor in Gaseous SFe Using a Differential Interferometric Technique 175

B Bjioiandry, Jean-Marie Sl-Arnaud, IK Bose, Michel F. Frechette

Frequency Spectrum Due to Standing Waves Excited by Partial Discharges in a GIS 179Hirotaka Muto, Uasashi Dei, Haruhisa Fojii, Mitsuhito Kamei

Evaluation of Wideband Partial Discharge Measurements on Transformers by Cluster Algorithms 183Dirk Wenzel, Hosssin Borsi, Ernst Blockenbach

Comparison of Conventional and VHF/UHF Partial Discharge Detection Methodsfor SFe Gas Insulated Systems 187

Sander Meijer, Edirard Golski, Johan J. Smit, B. Brooks

Some Newest Results of Diagnostic Testing of Impregnated Paper Insulated Cables 191Enire Hemeth

An Analytical Study on Magnetic Field Due to Lightning Stroke Current 195Hisashi Boshima, Hideki Motoyama, Atsushi Wada, Takatoshi Shindo

The Study of Accuracy of a Magneto-optical Current Transformer 199

Dhengmo Luo, 11 Zheng, 11 Ma, J.X. Su

Detection of Oscillation on Overhead Transmission Line by Electric Field Sensor

Using Liquid Crystal Element 203Horio Tahara, Tomonorl Fukumura, Kohicbi Hakamara, Yasuo Kojima

IRC-Analysis: A New Test Procedure for Laid XLPE-Cables 207Hans-Berd Kranz, Dirk Steinbrink, F. Merschel

A New Type of Divider for Measuring Fast Rising High Voltage Impulses 211Baozhuaog Shi, Wenyuan Ibang, Yuchang Qiu

The Integrating Method for Tan d Measurement 215Songlin Oin

UHF PD-Detection in a Power Transformer 219W.B. Botgers, Y.H. Fa

Analysis and Diagnosis of the Fault-character of Transformer by Means of

Dual-Ratio-Method 223Yang Be

UHF Partial Discharge Monitoring for 132 kV GIS .227Martin iodi, Brian Hampton, W.L Brown

MAV-3 Meter for Measurement of Anode High Voltage of X-ray Apparatus 231

Igoz P. loubkov, Srigory t. Vladimorov

Identification of Defects in an Extinguishing Chamber of a Vacuum Interrupter 235Temasi Kalickl, H. Moranta, Hanna Mosclcka-Brzesiak, Waldemar Zlomek

Sensitivity of Electrical Partial Discharge Measuring Methods on GIS withExternal Disturbances: Experimental Comparison on Conventional Method,UHF Wide Band and Narrow Band Methods 239

Catherine Maulat, Edauari Fernandez, P. Almosnino

On-line Insulation Condition Monitoring Technique for High Voltage Apparatus 243

Ihengkao Ibang, Ml Baghoveer

Traceability of Lightning Impulse Voltage Measurements in a Large High Voltage Laboratory 247

Bertrand Sacepe

A New Partial Discharge Detecting Sensor for Gas Circuit Breakers 251

Kaiunari Blguchl, Konlo Emoto, Hiroshi Murase, Hiroshi Kyama, Seijl Wakabaayashi, Takaaki Sikibara

UHF Partial Discharge Monitoring for GIS 255

Thomas Heecker

UHF Partial Discharge Expert System Diagnosis 259

Thomas Huecker

UHF Sensing and Locating of Partial Discharges in GIS 263

Weidong Lie, Yulong Huang, Jianleng Wang, Hall Wian

Partial Discharge Detection on Power Transformers Using a Multi-terminal Measurement Method 267

Raymond Lortin, Jacques Mio, Georges H. Vaillaneourt, Qi Su

A Novel Application of Loop Probes Configured as an E-Field Sensor for

Impulse Voltage Measurements 271Peter J. Bajroop, L.L Lai

Enhancing Insulation Reliability Towards Particles in 500 kV DC GIS 275I Rokunoha, Y. Yoshidi, K. Yimaji, M. Hattno, Mio Yamagim, Fumihiro Endo

Determining the Magnitude and Frequency Response of High Current Measuring Sensors 279

F. Fortlti, P. Ferrieres

Preliminary Work on the Detection of Partial Discharges in SFe under Impulse Voltages 283

Shawn knnis Nielsen, Jin Peter Beynters

Development of an Optical Current Measuring System for Power Systems 287

Eninq Li, Yanhing Liu, J.M.K. MacAlpine, Bahiii Peng, Ihengying Li

A New Partial Discharge Detector for On-line Insulation Condition Monitoring of Generators 291

Oi So

Japanese Accreditation System in the HV Measurements Field 295

Hlroyuki Hirayama, Kazuyoshi Nagai, Tatsuya Harada, Hideo Kitagawa, Tomeji Iguchi

Computer-based Data Acquisition Sensitivity to Impurities in SFe 299

F.S, Jlboozakhar, Trevor B. Blackburn

Development and Performance Test of the Reference Divider for 300 kV LightningImpulse Voltage Measurements in Japan 303

Tatsuya Harada, Takayukl Waklmoto, Masamorl Saeki, Shuji Sato

Influence of the Design of the Low Voltage Arm on the Dynamic Behaviour of a

Reference Voltage Divider 307

Olimpio Saracco, A. Sardi

Microwave Methods to Measure Traces of Contaminants in Gases 311

J.F. Rouleau, Jaciues Goyatte, IK. Bose, Michel F. Frechette

A System for Continuous On-line Monitoring and Localization of Partial

Discharges in Power Generators 315

Akbar Kheirmand, Mats Leijon, Hennas Vallvilta, Kjell Hurtig

Design and Development of a Precision Calibrator for Calibration of High VoltageDividers and Oscilloscopes 319

Harlsb II. Kantak, R. Venkatesh, Sourl Rajan Kannan

The Effect of the Cross Coupling Phenomena on Partial Discharges Measurements 323

Yvon McNIcoll

On-line Partial Discharge Detection System Application to Paper/Oil Insulation

of Instrument Transformers 327

Christophe Moreau, Xavtar Charpeniier, Patrick Vetu

Diagnostics of HV Current Transformer Insulation 331

Lubomir Kocis, Jaroslav Vokilek, P. Ieman

Type Testing of Cables and Accessories, A Way to Improve the Quality of These Products? 335

Sonja M. Benda-Berlljn, B.PJ. Boelofs

A Novel Optical Sensor for Furfuraldehyde Detection in Transformer Oil 339

Hobert Blue, Deepak Uttamchandanl, Omen Farlsh

Partial Discharge Diagnostics for DC Equipment 343

Jens Beyer, Peter H.F. Morschuis, Johan J. Smit, Carlo Petrarca

Searching for the Standard Deviation of the Lightning Impulse Critical Flashover 347

Abraham Lincoln Schuman, Ian Paul Watkins Jr., Marcelo Faloucci, Manuel Luis Barrelra Martinez

High Voltage Testing Using Series Resonance with Variable Frequency 351

Peter Mohaupt, Roger Bleyvod, J. Kraus, Bunter Voigt

The Measure of Measure 355

Philippe P. Gaudreao

Time to Peak Value Determination for the Measured Switching Impulse Wave 359

Takayok! Waklmoto, Shuji Sato, Tatsuya Harada

A New Solution for the Extension of the Load Range of Impulse Voltage Generators 363JSrgeo Wolf, Burner Voigt

On-site Testing of an All-silicone Rubber Busbar via PD-Measurement 367Karsten Strassburg, Ernst Gockenbach

Partial Discharge Testing as a Tool for Evaluating Processing Methods ofEpoxy-Resin Impregnated Coils

371Arthur Kaindl, Thomas Koschnitzki, Hossein Borsi

An Over-Compensated Integrator Used for Measuring Impulse High-Voltage 375Changyu Chen, Xianhe Jin, Cbangchang Wang, T.C. Cheng

On-Line Partial Discharge Monitoring System for Power Transformer 379Cbangchang Wang, Xozhu Dong, Ihongdong Wang, Weihong Jing, Xianhe Jin, T.C. Cheng

The Study of Partial Discharge On-Line Calibration for Power Transformers 383Xianhe Jin, Cbangchang Wang, T.C. Cheng, Xuzhu Bong, Shenyoo Ban, Weihong Jing, Ihongdong Wang

PD-Measurements on Typical Defects on XLPE-lnsulated Cables at Variable Frequencies 389Daniel Pepper, Willried Kalkner

Dielectric Response-A Diagnostic Tool for High Voltage Apparatus 393Mark Kuschel, Bonald Platb, Willried Kalkner

Kit for Performing Puncture Test on HV Insulators 397Orsino Barges Cl'mlra, B.B, Mello, Walter Ramos Cerqueira, E. Almenga

Calibration of Peak Voltmeters with Voltage Impulses 401Brsino Barges Dl'mira, L.A. Correa Be Bliveira, Ml Fernandas Da Silra

Technical Diagnostics - Non-destructive State-estimation Instead of Damaging Voltage Test 405Michael Muhr, Bichard Perzel

Investigations of 30 kV Polyethylene Cables by the Discharge Current Method 409Budolf Woschitz, Michael Mobr, Robert Strobl

Recommend the Rod-rod Gap with Tip as a Checking Device of a Power Frequency Measurement 413You-bin lhao, Xue-xlan Cbao

Hardware, Software and Calibration Results of Digital Recorders for H. V. Impulse Tests 417Werner Strauss

PD-Detection vs. Loss Measurements at High Voltages with Variable Frequencies 421Joachim T. Ho/bell, Hans Edin

Influence of Dielectric Polarization upon PD Transients: Use of Hollow Dielectric Spheres 427lain W. McAllister

Application of Digital Filter to Lightning Impulse Parameters Evaluation 431Valeria B. Bliveira, Bla'ssio Costa Miranda

Performance Evaluation of Insulator String with Defective Insulators 435

U. Ravi, H. Vasudev, A,K. Mojumdar, K.R, Dasharathi, K.G. Venkatesh, K. Radrinarayan, Br. Channakeshava, Br. Bajendn

Directional Coupler Sensor for Partial Discharge Recognition on High Voltage Cable Systems 439David Pemmerenke, Thomas Strehl, Willried Kalkner

Acoustic and Electric Detection of Particles in GIS 443Lars E. Lundgaard, D. Linhjell

A Wide Frequency Response Dl Measuring System 447Mingchao lhang, H. Li

Results of UHF Measurements in a 220 kV GIS Substation during On-site Commissioning Tests 451Glenn Behrmann, Stefan Neohold, Rait Bletsch

Frequency-tuned Resonant Test Systems for HV On-site Testing of SFs-insulated Apparatus 457Jochen Spiegelberg, Wolfgang Hauschild, Eberhard Lemke

Monitoring On-line to Operation Characteristics of HVCB 461

Ruijin Liao, Caixin Son, Jo Tang, Weigen Cheng, Ceisheng Wang, Xoe Wen

Field Experience and Electrical Characteristics of Punctured Porcelain Suspension Insulators 465

Doc Hal Hgoyen

Evaluation of Partial Discharge Measurements in SFe Gas Insulated Systems 469

Sander Meljer, Edward Gulskl, W.R. Bulgers

Optical High Voltage Sensor Using Pockels Fiber Crystal 475

Josemir Coelho Santos, Musiom Cengn Taplamacioglu, Kumblko Hidaka

Partial Discharge Detection in SFe GIS Using Optical Fibre Techniques 479

Abbas larger!, Trevor R Blackburn

Numerical Electromagnetic Analysis of Impulse Voltage Measuring Systems 483

Maseru Ishii, Wenwei Liao

IEC 1109 Annex C Testing of Composite Insulators with Leakage Current Monitoring 487

Gyorgy Banhegyi, Attlla Vords, Sander Csemore, La'szld Kalocsai, Sandor Csecsbdy, Byorgy Orban

Colombian Experiences in Distribution Transformers Short Circuit Withstand Aptitude Test 491

G Aponte, H. Cadavid, F. Castro, C. Loiano, A.I. Lurie

Effect of Stray Capacitance on the Accuracy of Capacitive Voltage Transformers 495

Hubert P. Mercure, Due Hai Nguyen, J. Douville, V. Aresteanu, L Lam

Detection and Location of Partial Discharge Sources in XLPE Cables 501

Filing lldstad, Hallvard Faremo, B. Lillevlk, D. Linhjell

Effects of Irradiation on the Sparkover of Sphere Gaps under Standard Lightning Impulses 505

D.E. Soorgou/is, Constantlnos A. Stassinopoulos

Dielectric Diagnostic of Cables and Cables Connected with Ring Main Units 509

R. Wimmershofl, Chr. Wendl

Partial Discharge Fault Analysis of SIR-based Cable Terminations 513

Jehan J. Smit, Edward Gulskl, E. Pultrum

Sensitivity Analysis of the Power Transformer Windings by Transfer Function Method 517

N. Pribbakar, Vinyala Kamaraju, Birenire Prasad Singh