Sixteenth

International

Symposium

on

Capillary

Chromatography

volume I

Palazzo dei Congress!, Riva del Garda, Italy.

September 27-30, 1994.

Organization I.O.P.M.S. vzw

Edited by

P. Sandra

University of Gent, Belgium,Eindhoven University of Technology, The Netherlands,

and

G. Devos

I.O.P.M.S. vzw, Kortrijk, Belgium.

CONTENTS

M.J.E. Golay Award Presentation.

Microcolumn Separations.

On-line Normal Phase LC-GC. Methods Used for Routine Applications. 1

K. Grob.

Chemical Analysis in Single Human Erythrocytes Using Capillary Electrophoresis. 10

Q. Li and E.S. Yeung

General - Theory

The Calculation of Linear Programmed Temperature GC Retention Indices of

Components in Complex Mixtures. 17

D.N. Grigoryeva, R.V. Golovnya and L.A. Syomina.

A Computational Study of The Chromatographic Separation of Racemic Mixtures. 18

A.M. Edge, K.D. Bartle, A.A. Clifford and P. Myers.

An Improved Method for Computing Temperature Programmed Retention

Indices from Isothermal Data. 28

L.J. Evekigh and PJ. Arpino.

New Possibilities of Group Identification of Organic Compounds on the Base

of GC Retention Indices and Partition Coefficients in Heterophaseous OrganicSolvent Systems. 34

l.G. Zenkevich and A.V.Vasilyev.

Precalculation of GC Retention Indices from Physico-Chemical Constants within

Various Taxonomic Groups of Organic Compounds. 41

l.G. Zenkevich.

GC Characteristics of Organic Reactions. Addition of Dichlorocarbene to C=C

Double Bonds. Precalculation of Retention Indices for 1,1-Dichlorocyclopropancs. 51

A.A. Chupalov, l.G. Zenkevich andA.P. Molchanov.

Intermolccular Interactions Between Molecules of Aromatic Compounds and

Solvents at Interface Eluent-Stationary Phase. 61

N.A. Ellekova.

Influence of Carrier Gas Nature on Organic Compounds Retention in CapillaryGas - Liquid Chromatography. 62

V.G. Berezkin and A.A. Korolev.

Practical Advantages and Applications for a Fast GC Accessory. 70

D. Coe and H. Kern.

V

Degradation of Polyethylene Glycol. A Study of the Reaction Mechanism in a

Model Molecule : Tetracthylcnc Glycol. 71

J. Glastrup.

Computational Chemical Analysis of Chiral Recognition in Liquid Chromatography.Selectivity of N-(S)-l(a-naphlhyl) Ethylamino Carbonyl-L-Valinc Bonded

Aminopropyl Silica Gel. 70

T. Hanai, H. Hatatio, N. Nimura and T. Kinoshita.

A New Approach to the Monitoring of the Calorific Value, Density, Relative Densityand the Wobbc Index Based on Future Gas Chromatographic Technology. 85

H. Cornet and V. van Hese.

Gas Chromatography of Amides ol Polyfluoiocarboxylic Acids. 86

V.E. Kirwhenko, E.P. Pronwhlennikova and K.I. Pashkcvich.

Identification ol" Halobcn/.cnes und Substituted Phenols by Coiiclalion Between

Boiling Points and Gas Chromatographic Retention Values on Capillary Columns. 87

T.C. Gerbino and G. Caxleilo.

Determination ol Thermodynamic Functions by Capillary Gas Chtomatogiaphy. 94

G. Castello, S. Vezzani and P. Moretli.

Comparison of the Use ol" Methane and of Some Common Solvents loi the

Determination of Dead Times in Capillary Gas Chromatography. 102

S. Vczztmi, G. C 'astello and P. Moretti.

Dependence of Linear Retention Indices in Capillary Gas Chromatography on Corner

Gas Plow Rate and Column Temperature Program Rate. 108

/•.'. Sippala, /•'. David and P. Sandra.

Application of AFC (Advanced Mow Control) in Capillary GC. 116

G, liratin, Y. Nishikawa and M. Shioji,

A Novel Method lor Peak Number Estimation tn a GC Peak Cluster. 125

J. llrmtzek, S. Halrik,./. Krupcik and M. C 'epptin.

Capillary GC Analysis of Copper (II) and Chromium (III) asTrifluoiacciylacctonales. 133

I.N. Glaskov, S.M. Kiselev, Yu.S. Yashin, B,L Z.irko, LP. Efunov and

A.l. Revelsky,

Maximizing Chromatographic Performance and Usability Through Electronic Control

of Gases."

135

M.S. Klee, V. Giarrocco, H. Faltinmbi, R. Firar and F. David.

Simplifying Gas Chromatographic Separation and Detection. 14"

R. U'ibrand, K. Fell and R, Schill.

Quanututivc GC Analysis ol Complex Mixtures Without Calibration. 150

LA. Revelsky, V.G. Kamvaeva, B.I. Z.irko, LV. Galakhov, Yu.S. Yashin.

P.P. Vnlikh and IW. Virus.

The Flow of the Carrier Gas in Open-Tubular Capillary Columns in TemperatureProgrammed Gas Chromatography. 151

T. Hevest and J. Krupcik.

VI

Automatic Carrier Gas Control with Self Calibrating Capabilities. 158P. Magni, F. Munari, G. Zilioli, P.A. Colombo and S. Treslianu.

The Gas Chromatographic Investigation of Alkyl Substituted Pyrrolizidines. 163D.N. Grigoryeva, R.V. Golovnya, A.L. Samusenko and I.M. Skvorsov.

Retention on Mixed Cyclodextrin / Polysiloxane Phases.Evidence for the Interaction of Cyclodextrin and Polysiloxane. 164W. Buda, K. Jaques, A. Venema and P. Sandra.

Column Technology - Stationary Phases

The Theory and Application of Packing for the Preparation of Packed CapillaryColumns for Chromatography. 172D. Tong, K.D. Bartle and A.A. Clifford.

Fullerenes in Liquid Chromatography. 185N.A. Eltekova and Yu. A. Eltekov.

Immobilization by Chemical Reaction of the Stationary Phase in Open TubularCapillary GC. 186V.P. Mukhina, V.G. Berezkin, Ya.A. Levin andR.M. Mukliamadeeva.

Water Influence on Retention Values of Some Organic Compounds in Open TubularCapillary Columns with Polar Phase PEG-20M and Nonpolar Phase SE-30. 193V.G. Berezkin and A.A. Korolev.

Host-Guest Interaction in GC Separation of Enantiomers with Derivatized Cyclodextrinsin Gas Chromatography. Interpretation on the Basis of Molecular ModellingCalculations. 201F. Kobor and G. Schomburg.

Cyclodextrin Derivatives in GC Separation of Racemic Mixtures of Volatiles.Part VIII: 2,6-di-0-mcthyl-3-0-pentyl-g-cyclodextrin and 2-oxo-pentyl as substituent

in position 3 for 2,6-di-O-methyl and 2,6-di-O-pentyl-B and -y-Cyclodextrins. 202C. Bicchi, A. D'Amato, V. Manzin, A. Galli andM. Galli.

Grafted Polymers. The New Type of Stationary Phases for Gas Chromatography. 213/. Yudina, K. Sakodynskii and L. Kruzhalova.

Low Bleed and Highly Inert Fused Silica Capillary Columns Coated with a

Polymethylsiloxane for GC-MS Application. 218J. de Zeeuw, D. Zwiep and J. Buyten.

Metal Capillary PLOT Columns Coated with AI2O3, Molsieve and Porous PolymerAdsorbents, 219

J. de Zeeuw, J.C. Buyten, J. Peene and M. Mohnke.

Recent Developments in High Temperature Semi-Polar Phases for Capillary Gas

Chromatography. 231DM. Crowshaw, M. Cumbers, P. Scottrides and P. Dawes.

New Cyclodextrin-Containing Polysiloxane Stationary Phases for Enantiomcr

Separations in Capillary Chromatography. 232

G.-L. Yi, J.S. Bradshaw, Z. Chen, B.E. Rossiter, A. Malik, W.-B. Li, P. Petersson,K.E. Markides and M.L. Lee.

On the Use of Interconvcrsion Energy Barrier for Prediction of GC Separation ofAlropisomers of Polychlonnated Biphenyls (PCBs) on Modified CyclodextrinStationary Phases. 237

J. Krupcik, P. Mdjek, M. Mdjekovd, J. Hrouzek, E. Benickd, P. Sandra and

J. de Zeeuw.

The Investigation of Ring Packed Glass Capillary Columns (RPGCC) with an

Electric Resistance Wire. 243

H. Yang, Z. Zhang and W. l.u.

Terl.-Bulyldimcthylsilylated Cyclodcxtnns as Crural Stationary Phases in GC. 249

B. Maas, A. Dietrich and A. Mosandl.

Diluted Modified Cyclodcxtrins as Chiral Stationary Phases in GC.

The Influence of the Polysiloxane Solvent. 250A. Dietrich, B. Maas and A. Mosandl.

BPX 35 : A New Medium Polarity High Temperature Stationary Phase loi Gas

Chromatography. 251

P. Scourides, M. Cumbers and P. Dawes.

Comparison of Sclcctivitics for a Series of Cyanobiphcnyl Stationary Phases. 252

B.R. Hillery, J.E. Girard, MM. Schantz and S.A. Wise.

Improved Selectivity of Alumina PLOT Columns for Hydrocarbon Analysis. 258

Z..// and I. Chang.

Comparison of PEG & PAG Capillary Columns for FAMB Analysis. 262

L.M. Sidisky.

Comparisons of SCOT, WCOT & CLOT Capillary Columns. 263

L.M. Sidisky.

High Efficiency Chemically Modilicd Silica Porous Layer Open Tubular

Capillary Columns. 264

R.M.A. iMUlamo and T.L. Patterson.

Evaluation of Graphite Layer Open Tubular (GLOT) Columns by Means of a

Polanty Parameter such as AC. 265

M. Attaran • Rezuii, L. Uittanzi and L. Sampaoh.

Melhoxyphenylpolysiloxanes.Polari/ablc Stationary Phases for Capillary Chromatography. 266

M. Manzione, .V.G'. Claude utidR, Tubucchi.

New Polymers and Columns for the Analysis of Volutile Organics 267

R.H. Kolloff, J.R. Thorp, N.G, Chechik and A.I), liw.ske.

Enanlioselective Separations by Capillary GC on Dcrivuli/ed Cyelodextrins.Part 4: Enanlioselective Interaction Model of 2,2-Dialkyl-4-Alko\ycarbon>i-

Vlll

1,3-Dioxalane Derivatives on Permethyl-, 2,3-Di-0-Methyl-6-0-TBDMS- and2,3-Di-0-Acetyl-6-0-TBDMS Cyelodextrins. 268K. Jaques, W.M. Buda, A. Venema and P. Sandra.

Preparation ofSmall Diameter Thick Film Capillary Columns for MicrocolumnSeparations. 272D. Steenackers and P. Sandra.

Gas Chromatographic Performance Characteristics of Carboxen - 1006 PLOTColumns and Carboxen -1004 Micropacked Columns. 280W.R. Betz, M.J. Keeler and L.M. Sidisky.

Capillary GC

Theoretical Aspects Associated with High-Temperature Operation ofThermalGradient Programmed Gas Chromatography (TGPGC). 281W.A. Rubey.

Rational Synthesis of High Performance Substituted Polysiloxane StationaryPhases for Capillary Chromatography. 288J.S. Bradshaw, M.L. Lee, A. Malik, G.-L. Yi, W.-B. Li and K.E. Markides.

Chiral Recognition Mechanisms of Cyelodextrins. 300

J. Krupcik, P. Mdjek, J. Hrouzek, I. Skacani, I. Spdnik and P. Sandra.

Environmental Analysis

Trace-Level Determination of Aromatic Sulfonates in the Aquatic Environmentby a Fully Automatic On-Line HPLC Method. 317F.Th. iMiige, M. Went and H.-J. Branch.

Extraction and Analysis of Pesticides in Environmental Water Samples with

SPME/GC/MS. 325K. Jinno, Y. Saito, Y, Kiso, K. Yamaguchi, T. Yamagami, S. Magdic, M. Orionand J. Pawtiszyn.

Simplified Gas-Chromalographic Procedures for the Determination of C1-C7

Volatile Organic Compounds in Urban Atmospheres. 330

AM. Denha, K.D. Bartle and M.J. Pilling.

Volatile Organic Compounds in the Urban Atmosphere. 335

S. Hassoun, K.D. Bartle, D. Kupiszewska and M.J. Pilling.

Headspacc Solid Phase Microextraclion as a Solvent-Free Sample PreparationMethod for the Analysis of Complex Environmental Samples. 344

Z. Zhang and J. Pawliszyn.

Preliminary Evaluation of Automatic Thermal Desorption - Capillary Gas

Chromatography for Determination of Semivolatile Organic Compounds in Indoor Air, 352

P.A. Clausen and P. Wolkoff.

IX

Determination of Fatty Acids and Fatty Acid Stilts in Office Floor Dust Quantifiedas the Methyl Esters by On-Column Capillary Gas Chromatography. 364

P.A. Clausen, K.Wilkins and P. Jeppesen.

Separation and Analysis of PAHs Nitroderivativcs (Nitro-Arencs) from Airborne

Particulate Organic Matter by HPLC and Capillary GC-MS. 371

L.Wanecha.

Gas Chromatographic Head Space Analysis of Phenol and Crcsols in Soils

by Direct Acetylation. 380

M.P. Llompart, R.A. Ijarenzo-Ferreira and R, Cela-Torrijos.

Experiences with the Computer Aided InterpreUition of Gas ChromatographicMeasuring Data in Organic Trace Analysis of Environmental Samples. 388

H. Lepper.

Analysis of Aliphatic and Polyaromalic Hydrocarbons in Sediments ol the Barcnt/ Sea. 398

V.K. Shevtsov, M.Y. Panamarev, V.S. Petrov and LP. Serova.

Quantitative Analysis of Selected PCB Congeners in Marine Matrix Relerence

Materials. 399

B.R. Hillery, .I.E. Girard, MM. Schantz and S.A. Wise.

Comparative Evaluation of HRGC-MS-Ion-Trap Mass Detector and Other

Chromatographic Techniques in Determination of Polynuelcar Aromatic

Hydrocarbons in Environmental Samples. 405

T.C. Gerbino, G. Garbarino, D, Spelta and P. Petit Bon.

Trace Analysis of PAHs and PCBs in Soil Through On-Line Direct Thermal Dcsorption. 416

H. Wo'rmann and A. Hoffmann.

Gas Chromatographic Determination of Atmospheric Pcroxy Acetyl Nitrate (PAN)

Using Wide-Bore Capillary and Packed Columns. A Comparison. 425

M. Benzo, M. Bergna and S. Valzacchi.

The Distribution and Potential Sources of Nitro Musks and Other Nitroammatic

Compounds in the North Sea. 426

H. Hiihnerfuss, R. Gatermann, G. Ritnkus, M. Wolfand S. Franke.

Analysis and Bioaccumulalion of Nitro Musks in Aquatic and Marine Biota. 433

G. Riinkus and M. Wolf.

The Isolation and Concentration of Chlorinated Organics I mm Waters UsingSorbents with Low Specific Area Surfaces. 446

l.V. Golovko, O.Yu. Polyakava, LA. Revelsky, Yu.S. Yashin and B.I. Zirka.

HRGC Study of Sorption and Dcsorption of Atrazine on Brazilian Soils.

M.E.C. Queiroz ana FM. Ixtncas.

448

Analysis of Acidic Herbicides in Soil by Capillary Gas Chromatography. 459C\ Sancltez-Brunete, A. Garcia-Valcarcel andJ.L. Tadeo.

Application of an Automatic Trace Gas Analy/cr Using GC and MS Detectors for the

Determination of Pollutants in Air. 465

G. Mapetli, I). Kotzias, M. Ditane and F. Miuuiri.

X

Sampling and Gas Chromatographic Analysis of Volatile Organic Compounds(VOCs) in Hot and Extremely Humid Emissions. 472Th. Knobloch and W. Engewald.

Natural Products and Food Research

Composition of Green Coffee Water - Insoluble Fractions and Identification ofVolatiles formed during Roasting. 485C.A.B. De Maria, L.C. Trugo, F.R. Aquino Neto, R.F.A. Moreira and C.S. Alviano.

Use of CGC / Sensory Analysis as an Additional Tool for SamplingTechniqueComparison in Peach Aroma Analysis. 492A. Rizzolo, M. Vanoli, P. Ixnnbardi and S. Polesello.

Solid Phase Extraction Coupled with Capillary GC Applied to the Determination ofMono- and Di-Glyccrides of Vegetable Oils and Fermented Foods. 503O. Koprivnjak, G. Bertacco, R. Bortolomeazzi, L.S. Conte and O. Boschelle.

Capillary GLC Method for Determination of Single Pentosane in Wood of Pinus

Nigricans Host, 504V, Vidrich, M. Franci, M. Michelozzi, G. Paradiso and Pi. Fusi.

Characterization of Fluvalinate Residues in Honey. 509J.J. Jime'nez, J. Atienza and J.L. Bemal.

Characterization of Roasted Coffee Through the Chlorogenic Acid Fraction byHPLC-UV and Principal Component Analysis (PCA). 518C. Bicchi, A. Binello, G. Pellegrino and A. Vanni.

Chemical Characterization of Eucalyptus Pyrolytic Oils by Capillary GasChromatography, 530

A. Bodalo, E. Gomez and G. Uon.

Determination of PAHs in Olive Oils by Chromatographic Techniques. 536S. Morel, B. Piani, R. Bortolomeazzi and L.S. Conte.

Characterization of Volatile Components of Unifloral Honeys by Capillary GC-MSwith Reversal of Carrier Gas in the Sampling Step. 537

L.S. Conte, R. Barcarolo, G. Bertacco, A.G. Sabatini, P.L. Marcazzan andR. Zironi.

Differentiation of Strawberry Varieties through Purge-and-Trap HRGC ofNatural Aroma. 538M.D.R. Gomes da Silva and H.J. Chaves das Neves.

Evaluation of the Fatty Acid Composition of Easter Eggs. 539

V.P.R. Minim, HM, Cecchi and M.R.B. Franco.

Finger Print of Apple Juices by Purge and Trap GC-MS. 549V. Pinnel, P. Rosseels and J. Vandegans.

Study of the Profile of Gherkin by Purge and Trap Followed by GC-MS. 558

V. Pinnel and J, Vandegans.

XI

GC-MS Headspace Analysis of the Volatile Compounds of Soya Oil Without

Heating the Sample. 565

V. Pinnel and J. Vandegans.

The Study of Lipids by Capillary GC. 574

/. Kopylenco, Y. Ponamarev, V. Gromova, T. Rubtzova and L. Kopylenco.

Capability of Dual-Channel Capillary Gas Chromatography to IdentifyOrganophosphorus Pesticides in Animal Feeds. 575

A. Vbaldi, F. Fiorucci, L. De Santis and R. Cozzani.

Headspace Capillary Gas Chromatography of Monotcrpcncs of Ccdrus Atlantica,Cedais Libani and Abies Alba Seeds. 576

R. Tognetti, M. Michelozzi. A. (iiovannelli and G. Boscherini.

Gas Chromatographic Determination of Isoprcne Production from Oak Leaves

Growing Under High C02. 581

J. D, Johnson, M. Michelozzi, R. Tognetti and A. (iiovannelli.

Hydrocarbons and Sterols in Jclly-Fish of the Adriatic Sea. 586

G.P. Serrazanetti, C. Pagnucco and L.S. Conte.

A Chromatographic Study on Triacylglyccrol Composition of Fish Oils. 594

C. Pagnucco, T. Gallina Toschl and G.P. Serrazanetti.

Research on the Terpcnic Composition of Galician Musts and Wines by GC-MS. 602

CM. Garcia-Jares, N. Carro-Marino, G. Muniz-Alonso and R. Cela-Torrijos.

Influence of Certain Volatile Components on the Chemomctric Differentiation of

Rias Baixas Wines from other Galician White Wines. 610

CM, Garcia-Jares, I. Orriols, M.S. Garcia-Martin and R. Cela Torrijos.

GC-MS Identification of Some Wine Aroma Compounds in Galician White Wines.

Chemomctric Approach to Differcnliatc Albanno Wines from Wines Produced in

Nearby Geographical Regions. 621

CM. Garcia-Jares, M.S. Garcia Martin, N. Carro-Marino and R. Cela Torrijos.

Analysis of Herbicides in Sugar Cane Derivatives Through Gas Chromatography. 632

R.M.I), de Andrade and FM. iMnras.

Study on Position and Geometric Configuration of Methyl Linoleate HydroperoxidesIsomers Obtained by Thermo-Oxidation : Chaimutographic Analyses of Their

Corresponding Hydroxy-Dcnvatives. 641

7*. Gallina Toschi, F. Slante, P, Capella andG. linker.

Solid-Phase Micro-Extraction of VOCs from Fungi. 647

/•". Pelusio, T. Nilsson, LMontanarella, R. Tilio, 'P.O. Uirsen, B.R. Uirsen,

S.FttcchettiandJ. 0. Madsen.

Catalytic Transformation of Anise Gil (Pimpinella anisum L.) over Zeolite Y. 659

/?./:. Staslienko, C.R, Martinez, J.R. Martinez and '/*. Shibainoto.

The Opumization of Purge and Trap Isolation and Cryogenic Focusing of Some

Sulphur Compounds for Chromatographic Analysis. 668

W. Wardencki, W. Janicki and K. Dziewit,

XU

GC and GC / MS Analyses of Ester Fraction from Epicuticular Waxes of FestucaArundinacea Schreb. 675A. Tava, C. Cunico, R. Cremona and E. Piccinini.

A Study of Compositional Variation in the Essential Oil of Ylang-Ylang (Canangaodorata Hook Fil. et Thomsom, Forma Genuina) During Flower Development. 683E.E. Staslienko, W. Torres and J.R. Martinez Morales.

The Development and Use of a System to Analyse Isoprene and Its ReactionProducts in the Rural Troposphere. 691K.D. Bartle, KM. Cooke, MJ. Pilling and SM. Saunders.

Determination of Volatiles in Spirits Using a Combination of Stationary Phases inCapillary GC. 692A. Antonelll and M. Molta.

Rapid Analysis of Environmental Samples Using Solid Phase Microextraction

(SPME) and Narrow Bore Capillary Columns. 693R.E. Shirey.

Analysis of Terpene Variations by CGC Methods of Pinus Silvestris L. in Bulgaria. 705K.D. Naidenov, G.G. Marcov, Chr. Chanev, N. Petsev and I. Topalova.

Characterization and Identification of the Mucilage Extracted from Orchid Bulbs (BlctiaCampanulata) by High Temperature Capillary Gas Chromatography (HT-CGC). 710A. Peiia, S. Capella and C. Gonzalez.

HT-CGC Analysis of Phytopreparations of "Espinheira Santa" (Maytenus ilicifolia M.

or M. aquifolium M. - Celastraceae), a Brazilian Antiulcer Plant. 718J.H.Y. Vilegas, N.R. Anloniosi Filho and P.M. Langas.

Analysis of Terpene Variations by CGC Methods of Pinus Nigra Am. in Bulgaria. 726K.D. Naidenov, Chr. Chanev, N. Petsev, I. Topalova and G.G. Marcov.

Analysis of Volatile Sulfur Compounds in Wine Using Gas Chromatographywith a Sulfur Chemiluminescense Detector. 732D. Rauhut and H. Kiirbel.

Application of CGC in the Development of an Analytical System for Identification

of Vegetable Oils and Fact and Degree of Falsification. 742

A.V. Hanin and Y.A. Sttitanovlch.

The Use of the Purge and Trap Injector for the Analysis of Green and RoastedCoffee Aroma. 750

A.M.P. Vasconcelos and A.L Mosca.

Identification of New Ketosterols in an Extract from Wheat Straw by HRGC-MSand HPLC-MS. 762

H.J. Chaves das Neves and E.MM.S. Gaspar.

CGC-MS Separation and Characterisation of Some Natural Fruit Extracts. 771

A. Medvedovici, V, David, F. Tache, G.-E. Baiulescu and P. Sandra.

Key Note Lectures 1

Comparison of Different Mass Spectrometers in Combination with High-SpeedNarrow-Bore Capillary Gas Chromatography. 785P.G. Van Ysacker, H.-G. Janssen, H.M. Snijders, P.A. Ixclercq, H. Wollnik and

C.A. Cramers.

On-Linc Solid-Phase Extraction - Gas Chromatography with Atomic Emission

Detection forTrace Level Analysis of Organic Micropollutants in Water Samples. 797

JJ. Vreuls, F.D. Rinkema and U.A.Th. Brinkman.

Evaluation of B-cyclodcxtrin Based Chiral Stationary Phases for CapillaryColumn Supercritical Fluid Chromatography. 798

P. Petersson, S.L. Reese, G. Yi, H. fun, A. Malik, J.S. Bradshaw, B.E. Rossiter,

M.L. U'e and K.E. Markides.

Rapid Determination of Butyl, Phenyl and Cyclohcxyltin Compounds in AqueousSamples Using Solid-Phase Mierocxtraetion and Capillary Gas ChromatographyFollowing In-Situ Derealization with Scxlium Telraclhylboralc. 804

Y. Morcillo, Y, Cai, C. Porte andJ.M. Bayona.

GC-MS Identification of Nilroaromatie Compounds with a New Selective and

Highly Sensitive Detection Method for Ion Trap GC-MS Systems. 814

H.-.I. Hiibschmann, J. Niebel. A. iMtuirock, H. Richter and H. Merten.

Sampling, Trace Analysis

New Sampling / Sample Preparation Techniques Based on Fibre and PolymerTechnologies. 821

Z. Zhang, M. Yang, B. Mac (iillivrav, M. Chai, T. Gorecki, A. Boyd-Bollard,L Pan,M. Orion and J.Pawtiszyn.

Microwave Extraction in Analytical Chemistry of Pollutants. 830

/•'./. Onuska and K.A. Terry

Trace Analysis of Semi-Volatile Organic Air Pollutants Using Thick Film Silicone

Rubber Traps with Capillary Gas Chromatography, 842

U.K. Ortner and E.R. Rohwer.

The Effect of Regulatory Influences on the Growth ofSPE and An AnalyticalSample Preparation Technique in the United States. 854

W. Pipkin and D.R. Gere,

Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Applications

Quantification of Neutral Sterols in Rat Faeces after Oral Administration of

LF 07-0165. 857P, Padovani, B. Ikiubia and C. Guffroy.

XfV

The Determination of Ifosfamide and Seven Metabolites in Blood Plasma as Stable

Trifluoroacetyl Derivatives by Electron Capture Chemical Ionization GC-MS. 859G. Momerency, K. Van Cauwenberghe, E.A. De Bruijn, A.T. Van Oosterom,M.S. Highley and P.G. Harper.

A Method forthe Detection, Confirmation and Determination of Codeine, Morphineand Monoacetylmorphine in Urine by GC-NPD and GC-MSD. 871C. Gabiola, N. Ortega, I. Eguileor andB. del Castillo.

Determination of Lactulose and Mannitol in Urine by HRGC. 879

AM.S. Relva, H.J. Chaves das Neves and M.A. Ferreira.

A Method for L-2-Hydroxyglutaric Acid Assay in Biological Samples byChiral HRGC. 884H.J. Chaves das Neves, J.P. Noronha and H.C.A. Rufino.

Gas Chromatographic Analysis of Methadone in Urine Samples after SolidPhase Micro Extraction (SPME). 892

M. Chiarotti andR. Marsili.

Residue Analysis of Clenbuterol in Animal Urine and Tissues by HRGC-MS. 897

B. Neri, F. Busico, M. Di Pietrogiacomo and R. Cozzani.

A9-Tetrahydrocannabinol and 1 l-Nor-A9-Tetrahydrocannabinol-9-Carboxylic Acid

in Serum and Urine Sample. Correlation with Subjective Condition and DrivingCapacity in Drivers. 898

F. Centini, A. Masti and I. Barni Comparini.

Identification of Furan Fatty Acids as Minor Components of Human Lipids byMultidimensional GC-MSD. 908

H.G. Wahl, A. Chrzanowski, HM. Liebich and A. Hoffmann.

Quantitative Determination of Solvent Residues in Bulk Pharmaceuticals. 917

M. Morvai-Vilanyi, A. Toth and Z. Szeverinyi.

Identification of Furan Fatty Acids in Nutritional Oils and Fats by Multidimensional

GC-MSD. 918

H.G. Wahl, A. Chrzanowski, HM. Liebich and A. Hoffmann.

The Use of A Multipurpose Sampler for Headspace GC-MS Analysis of

Volatile Organic Compounds in Human Urine. 930

H.G. Wahl, HM. Liebich and A. Hoffmann.

HRGC-MS Analysis of Chemical Constituents from Brazilian Medicinal Plants of

Dorstenia Genus (Moraceae). 935

J.H.Y. Vllegas, FM. Lancas, W. Vilegas and G.L. Pozetti.

Industrial Applications

Capillary Gas Chromatography of Alkylpolyoxycthylcne Glycols. Influence of the

Type or Dcrivatizing Agent, the Alcohol Chain Length and the Oxycthylene Chain

Length on the Retention Index. 943

K. Komdrek.

Simulated Distillation by Supercritical Fluid Chromatography on Packed CapillaryColumns. 944

K.D. Bartle and S. Mohd Shariff

Analysis of Fragrances in Cosmetics by Gas Chromatography - Mass Spectrometry. 955

S.C. Rastogi.

Performing Rapid Simulated Distillations Using Thermal Gradient ProgrammedGas Chromatography (TGPGC), 968

W.A. Rubey and R.C. Striebich.

High Speed Analysis of H2S and COS Impurities in Coal Gas by Capillary Gas

Chromatography 969

J.B. Laurens and E.R. Rohwer..

Analysis of Oxygenates at Sub-ppm Levels in CI - CIO Hydrocarbon Streams. 970

J. Curvers, J. de Zeeuw and M. Mohnke.

Flocculation-Extraetion Methods for VOC Analysis in Latex. 971

M. Sarraf.

Comparison ofTwo Sample-Preparation Techniques for the Gas ChromatographicAnalysis of Irganox 1076 in Poly-Vinyl-Chloridc (PVC).

Supercritical-Fluid Extraction and Size-Exclusion Chromatography. 978

Z.M. Kolder, P.J. Schoenmakers and J. Blomberg.

Performance of Various Universal and Selective Detectors for SulphurDetermination in Natural Gas. 985

Hal Pham Tuan, H.-G. Janssen, C.A. Cramers, EM. van Um and H. Vlap.

The Analysis and Occurence of the PCB Substitute Ugilcc 141 in Waste Mineral

Oils Using GC-MS. 998

E.G. van der Velde, S.HM.A. IJnders. H.IJ. Wartimes and A.K. Djien Idem.

Analysis of Oxygenated Components in Naphtha Streams at ppm L^cvcl on a

Two Dimensional Capillary Gas Chromatographic System, 999

C. Bolier and G. Schaatsbergen.

An Improved Boiling Point Distribution Curve of Crude Oils by Combining the

Results of High Temperature Simulated Distillation with Detailed Front End Analysis. 1000

P.R. Colli

A System with Two Porous Polymer Capillary Columns that Combines ASTM

Methods D 2163 for LPG Analysis and D 2712 forTrace Impurities in Propylene in

One Gas-Chromatograph. 1001

G.F. de Jonge and L Haasdijk.

HRGC/AED Characterization of Mixtures of Organic Products Coming from the

Pyrolysis of Plastics. I (XK>

R. Borrelli, C. Santini, E. Anlonelli, P. Golfetto audi.. Zatiinetta.

Direct Thermal Analysis of Solids. A Fast Method for the Determination of

Halogenatcd Phenols and Anisols in Cork, 1011

A. Hoffmann and W.R. Sponlwlz.

XVI