July 2014 Volume 1 No. 2

Did You Know?

SosteNica Provides Hope and Opportunities to NicaraguansBy David Block

� e Rodin Museum opened to the public in 1929 and showcases 124 sculptures. � e Rodin Museum in Philadelphia has the odd distinction of being the only museum in the world in which a � rearm was discharged during a robbery. In 1988 a thief attempted to make o� with the famous bronze bust “Man with a Broken Nose”. A security guard at the museum shot the man once in the hindquarters, but the perpetrator still managed to hail a taxi and escape. Police issued a reward notice, the thief was promptly “busted”, and the bust was recovered intact.

Some people have the desire and ambition to create new things, to develop new programs, but unfortunately they lack the follow through. � en there are those who have great ideas and excellent follow through. Alan Wright of West Chester, PA � ts the latter category.

While traveling through Central America over 20 years ago, he conceived the idea of launching SosteNica. SosteNica is a non-pro� t 501c3 organization based in Nicaragua. � e organization makes it possible for low income Nicaraguan citizens to borrow money at low interest rates in order to create businesses and projects. According to Wright, the loans now range from $600.00 to $700.00 dollars. “We’d lend them the money, with their pro� t they’d pay us back,” said Wright. But there’s more to SosteNica than lending money. SosteNica is committed to improving the environment.

� e Beginning When Wright and his wife Paula Kline traveled through Nicaragua in 1984, they were impressed by the beauty of the country, its culture and people. Wright observed that the banks in Nicaragua only provided loans to the wealthy citizens. According to Wright, Nicaragua was the second poorest country in its hemisphere, and many of the country’s low income citizens had no way of improving their quality of life. “� ey could not get money to develop their ideas,” said Wright.Wright knew that he and many of his colleagues in the U.S. could improve the these Nicaraguans’ � nancial pre-dicament; Wright had learned about Muhammad Yunus and how he began the Grameen Bank in Bangladesh, where small amounts of money were lent to poor Bangladeshis. He provided them with micro-credit.

(continued on page 2)

Courtesy: SosteNica/Chris Bell

Workers on the Rocha farmstead in Nicaragua make a bio-ferment (i.e.,raw cane sugar juice) as part of an e� ort to increase the quality of their grass and its nutrients.

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July 2014

2

� e International Gazette

Est. 2014

Editor-in-ChiefKemal Moise

Jason Hand

David BlockBriana Balducci

Managing Editor/Art Director

News Writers

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(SosteNica, from page 1)However, Wright did not take o� with his idea until 1990; this was a� er he visited the Lankester Botanical Gardens in San Jose Costa Rica. Wright said that an English botanist set up the Lankester Botanical Gardens in order to develop and cultivate orchids. But a� er his death, it was bequeathed to the Costa Rican national university and they kept the orchids, but they turned it into a native arboretum for native trees. “You entered this place and you saw on the outside of the gates, a barren treeless parched landscape,” said Wright. “And then when you walked into the gates, you’re in a tropical paradise.

And it just hit me – this whole Paci� c Coast of Central America had been this ecosystem before the Europeans came, and chopped all the trees down.” He was convinced that incorporating an ecosystem – caring for and improving the environment – coupled with giving Nicaraguans incentives to take out small loans to start their own businesses was completely viable. So did a lot of Wright’s associates in the United States.

Nicaragua was a good choice to launch SosteNica because in the late ‘80s and early ‘90s, that country had been in the news as frequently as Iraq is today. SosteNica was o� cially launched in 1991. For its � rst ten years it was under the umbrella of a di� erent non-pro� t organization. By 2001, it o� cially became a non-pro� t with 501c3 status.

What’s in a NameSosteNica was not picked at random. Wright said, “Soste are the � rst two syllables of Sostenible (sustain-ability in Spanish) and Nica are the � rst two syllables of Nicaragua. … We did our � rst loan in 1991; we lent $500.00 to a women’s weaving cooperative.”A current SosteNica project is a housing program. “We’re designing a home with all natural materials earth, timber, volcanic rock, and it will include eco-technologies such as a composting toilet, a fuel e� cient stove, and gray water treatment,” said Wright. “� is house would be made available to low income people at a subsidized interest rate.”

Local and regional Nicaraguan governments know about SusteNica. Wright concluded, “they {the local and regional governments} o� en come to us to ask about the areas we’re working at. � ey know that we have close contact with the people {living in speci� c regions}.” For more information: www.sostenica.org

Courtesy: SosteNica/Chris Bell

July 2014

3

� e International Gazette

Every Body can danceBy David BlockRay Leight, of Carneys Point, NJ, stays � t by doing something that he loves: dancing. Leight will dance anywhere and at any time: a dance club, a studio, or a competition. Leight easily displays his huge dance repertoire: Ballroom Dancing, the Cha Cha, the Rumba, and the Hustle. Leight performs these dances and many others with ease and agility from his wheelchair.

Before Leight’s motorcycle accident, he rarely danced. “I was the guy who sat in the back of the club,” said Leight. � e few times he had interacted with wheelchair users were to open doors for them, so he could get away from them.

He never felt comfortable around anyone with a disability.

On August 1, 1991, his whole world changed when a car rear-ended him while he was riding his motorcycle. At age 20, Leight was a strapping 6 foot 3 inch contractor who loved racing cars. He thought he was invincible. Believing his life was now over, “I asked the policeman to kill me,” said Leight.

It took Leight nearly two years to change his attitude. He realized that there were a lot of nasty, fully able-bodied people out there whom he had no desire to emulate.

(Continued on page 4)

Courtesy: David BlockRay Leight teaching a class on wheelchair dancing.

July 2014

2

� e International Gazette

Est. 2014

Editor-in-ChiefKemal Moise

Jason Hand

David BlockBriana Balducci

Managing Editor/Art Director

News Writers

Follow � e International Gazette on:facebook.com/changingtheworldonenewspaperatatime?ref=hl/

twitter.com/WorldGazette/

plus.google.com/u/0/112306721683819022406/posts/

instagram.com/theinternationalgazette/

scienceexplorers.com/

bitly.com/u/theinternationalgazette/

youtube.com/channel/UCfwyMddPvgXzRAXPs3neH2Q/

©2014. All rights reserved.

(SosteNica, from page 1)However, Wright did not take o� with his idea until 1990; this was a� er he visited the Lankester Botanical Gardens in San Jose Costa Rica. Wright said that an English botanist set up the Lankester Botanical Gardens in order to develop and cultivate orchids. But a� er his death, it was bequeathed to the Costa Rican national university and they kept the orchids, but they turned it into a native arboretum for native trees. “You entered this place and you saw on the outside of the gates, a barren treeless parched landscape,” said Wright. “And then when you walked into the gates, you’re in a tropical paradise.

And it just hit me – this whole Paci� c Coast of Central America had been this ecosystem before the Europeans came, and chopped all the trees down.” He was convinced that incorporating an ecosystem – caring for and improving the environment – coupled with giving Nicaraguans incentives to take out small loans to start their own businesses was completely viable. So did a lot of Wright’s associates in the United States.

Nicaragua was a good choice to launch SosteNica because in the late ‘80s and early ‘90s, that country had been in the news as frequently as Iraq is today. SosteNica was o� cially launched in 1991. For its � rst ten years it was under the umbrella of a di� erent non-pro� t organization. By 2001, it o� cially became a non-pro� t with 501c3 status.

What’s in a NameSosteNica was not picked at random. Wright said, “Soste are the � rst two syllables of Sostenible (sustain-ability in Spanish) and Nica are the � rst two syllables of Nicaragua. … We did our � rst loan in 1991; we lent $500.00 to a women’s weaving cooperative.”A current SosteNica project is a housing program. “We’re designing a home with all natural materials earth, timber, volcanic rock, and it will include eco-technologies such as a composting toilet, a fuel e� cient stove, and gray water treatment,” said Wright. “� is house would be made available to low income people at a subsidized interest rate.”

Local and regional Nicaraguan governments know about SusteNica. Wright concluded, “they {the local and regional governments} o� en come to us to ask about the areas we’re working at. � ey know that we have close contact with the people {living in speci� c regions}.” For more information: www.sostenica.org

Courtesy: SosteNica/Chris Bell

July 2014

3

� e International Gazette

Every Body can danceBy David BlockRay Leight, of Carneys Point, NJ, stays � t by doing something that he loves: dancing. Leight will dance anywhere and at any time: a dance club, a studio, or a competition. Leight easily displays his huge dance repertoire: Ballroom Dancing, the Cha Cha, the Rumba, and the Hustle. Leight performs these dances and many others with ease and agility from his wheelchair.

Before Leight’s motorcycle accident, he rarely danced. “I was the guy who sat in the back of the club,” said Leight. � e few times he had interacted with wheelchair users were to open doors for them, so he could get away from them.

He never felt comfortable around anyone with a disability.

On August 1, 1991, his whole world changed when a car rear-ended him while he was riding his motorcycle. At age 20, Leight was a strapping 6 foot 3 inch contractor who loved racing cars. He thought he was invincible. Believing his life was now over, “I asked the policeman to kill me,” said Leight.

It took Leight nearly two years to change his attitude. He realized that there were a lot of nasty, fully able-bodied people out there whom he had no desire to emulate.

(Continued on page 4)

Courtesy: David BlockRay Leight teaching a class on wheelchair dancing.

July 2014

4

� e International Gazette

(Dancing, from page 3)Dancing From His WheelchairIn the late ‘90s, Leight inadvertently stumbled into wheelchair ballroom dancing. A friend asked Leight to come with him to his ballroom dance lesson and Leight agreed. While Leight waited for the lesson to end, Laura the instructor approached him. She asked Leight, ‘why aren’t you dancing?’ Leight answered: “I can’t. I’m in a wheelchair!” She did not accept that excuse and pushed him onto the dance � oor.

To his surprise, he enjoyed himself. He spent the next six months learning a Viennese Waltz; followed by many other dances.

When Leight dances, he keeps his standing partner within a foot of his wheelchair. � ey follow the simple pattern: step, step, roll, roll. Every e� ort is made to maintain the character of the speci� c dance: the framing, position, posture, steps, rhythm and timing.

Leight has competed in ballroom dance competitions all over the U.S. and parts of Canada. Leight noted that as his dancing improved, so did his physical conditioning. “It strengthened my muscle tone,” said Leight. He handled his wheelchair better, improved his posture, strengthened his upper body and sharpened his skills for doing dance turns.

Teaching OthersLeight observed that many wheelchair users frequently bumped into things due to their poor coordination and control. Leight believed that if he could teach them how to dance, their physical conditioning would improve, the way that his had.

Leight’ new students improve their � tness within the � rst three to six weeks of starting lessons.

(Continued on page 5)

July 2014

5

� e International Gazette

(Dancing, from page 4)Carrie Barber of Wilmington, DE, one of Leight’s students, con� rmed his theory.She said she was able to move her body in ways that she never thought possible. Barber was born with Spina Bi� da, a condition in which part of the spinal cord and its meninges are exposed through a gap in the backbone.

Barber began wheelchair dancing � ve years ago because her doctor advised her to exercise more and to cut back on sugar. Barber was concerned that being middle aged would prevent her from doing wheelchair dancing. She found that it improved her � exibility and her ability to navigate her wheelchair. And she said it’s a lot of fun.

Able-Bodied PartnersOne of Leight’s able-bodied dance partners is Lisa Bentley of Bear, DE. Bentley, a retired professional dancer, did not need a � tness regimen because she danced nearly eight hours a day. A� er Bentley retired, she took up bodybuilding to stay in shape. � e upper body strength Bentley developed made it easier for her to dance with Leight and other wheelchair users.

“Everything that I knew about dancing with able-bodied people was essentially thrown out the window,” said Bentley. When you dance with a partner who is standing up, your center of gravity is in your chest and you rely on your legs more. When you dance with a partner who is sitting, your arms and upper body play a bigger role. “I had to drop my center of gravity down to my waist,” said Bentley, “and retrain myself to dance from a di� erent position in order to maintain eye contact.”

Sport is InternationalWheelchair Ballroom Dancing was around before Leight’s motor cycle accident. According to the link: http://www.paralympic.org/wheelchair-dance-sport Wheelchair ballroom dancing originated in Sweden in 1968 for recreational and rehabilitative purposes.

Exactly 30 years later the sport came under the governance and management of the International Paralym-pic Committee (IPC). Although there are wheelchair dance competitions sanctioned by the International Paralympic Committee, it is not included in the Paralympic Games. (� e Paralympics take place every four years, immediately following the Olympics. � e Paralympics are held in the same city as the Olympics and the same venues are used. Elite Blind and visually impaired athletes, along with those top athletes who are paraplegic, quadriplegic, or those with dwar� sm, can compete in the Paralympics. � e Special Olympics are for people who su� er from mental retardation. Unlike the Paralympics, being an elite athlete is not a prerequisite.)

(Continued on page 7)

July 2014

4

� e International Gazette

(Dancing, from page 3)Dancing From His WheelchairIn the late ‘90s, Leight inadvertently stumbled into wheelchair ballroom dancing. A friend asked Leight to come with him to his ballroom dance lesson and Leight agreed. While Leight waited for the lesson to end, Laura the instructor approached him. She asked Leight, ‘why aren’t you dancing?’ Leight answered: “I can’t. I’m in a wheelchair!” She did not accept that excuse and pushed him onto the dance � oor.

To his surprise, he enjoyed himself. He spent the next six months learning a Viennese Waltz; followed by many other dances.

When Leight dances, he keeps his standing partner within a foot of his wheelchair. � ey follow the simple pattern: step, step, roll, roll. Every e� ort is made to maintain the character of the speci� c dance: the framing, position, posture, steps, rhythm and timing.

Leight has competed in ballroom dance competitions all over the U.S. and parts of Canada. Leight noted that as his dancing improved, so did his physical conditioning. “It strengthened my muscle tone,” said Leight. He handled his wheelchair better, improved his posture, strengthened his upper body and sharpened his skills for doing dance turns.

Teaching OthersLeight observed that many wheelchair users frequently bumped into things due to their poor coordination and control. Leight believed that if he could teach them how to dance, their physical conditioning would improve, the way that his had.

Leight’ new students improve their � tness within the � rst three to six weeks of starting lessons.

(Continued on page 5)

July 2014

5

� e International Gazette

(Dancing, from page 4)Carrie Barber of Wilmington, DE, one of Leight’s students, con� rmed his theory.She said she was able to move her body in ways that she never thought possible. Barber was born with Spina Bi� da, a condition in which part of the spinal cord and its meninges are exposed through a gap in the backbone.

Barber began wheelchair dancing � ve years ago because her doctor advised her to exercise more and to cut back on sugar. Barber was concerned that being middle aged would prevent her from doing wheelchair dancing. She found that it improved her � exibility and her ability to navigate her wheelchair. And she said it’s a lot of fun.

Able-Bodied PartnersOne of Leight’s able-bodied dance partners is Lisa Bentley of Bear, DE. Bentley, a retired professional dancer, did not need a � tness regimen because she danced nearly eight hours a day. A� er Bentley retired, she took up bodybuilding to stay in shape. � e upper body strength Bentley developed made it easier for her to dance with Leight and other wheelchair users.

“Everything that I knew about dancing with able-bodied people was essentially thrown out the window,” said Bentley. When you dance with a partner who is standing up, your center of gravity is in your chest and you rely on your legs more. When you dance with a partner who is sitting, your arms and upper body play a bigger role. “I had to drop my center of gravity down to my waist,” said Bentley, “and retrain myself to dance from a di� erent position in order to maintain eye contact.”

Sport is InternationalWheelchair Ballroom Dancing was around before Leight’s motor cycle accident. According to the link: http://www.paralympic.org/wheelchair-dance-sport Wheelchair ballroom dancing originated in Sweden in 1968 for recreational and rehabilitative purposes.

Exactly 30 years later the sport came under the governance and management of the International Paralym-pic Committee (IPC). Although there are wheelchair dance competitions sanctioned by the International Paralympic Committee, it is not included in the Paralympic Games. (� e Paralympics take place every four years, immediately following the Olympics. � e Paralympics are held in the same city as the Olympics and the same venues are used. Elite Blind and visually impaired athletes, along with those top athletes who are paraplegic, quadriplegic, or those with dwar� sm, can compete in the Paralympics. � e Special Olympics are for people who su� er from mental retardation. Unlike the Paralympics, being an elite athlete is not a prerequisite.)

(Continued on page 7)

July 2014

6

� e International Gazette

POETRY CORNERHere now are some poems submitted by Briana Balducci, a photography student at

� e Art Institute of Philadelphia.

Weight� e weight of my thoughts� ey drag down my stride

Looking for hope in others eyesA slight sting in my heartMy motivation is burned

All I can do is screamA silent scream in my head

Visions From the Inside� e cold crackles my glass teeth

Grinding the shattered truth� ere is a sun but I’m not on � re

� e � aming circles we buildGoing round, and around

It’s a deja vu nightmareWeak, our bones turn to mesh

Ash on my tongue and call me Jude

TearsLying parallel

My eyes drool heavilyCould be one of two reasons

Gravity or sadnessTears of a cry out

For hopeFor somebody

Somebody I need not know yet

Fear of HateA dark thick syrup drips down my body

Not blood, not mapleSomething so sweet would turn rotten

What is this substance I have drowned myself inNothing but hate is stained on my skin

Hate is what I brought upon myselfMy own hate is what I hate

(continued on page 8)

July 2014

7

� e International Gazette

July 2014

6

� e International Gazette

POETRY CORNERHere now are some poems submitted by Briana Balducci, a photography student at

� e Art Institute of Philadelphia.

Weight� e weight of my thoughts� ey drag down my stride

Looking for hope in others eyesA slight sting in my heartMy motivation is burned

All I can do is screamA silent scream in my head

Visions From the Inside� e cold crackles my glass teeth

Grinding the shattered truth� ere is a sun but I’m not on � re

� e � aming circles we buildGoing round, and around

It’s a deja vu nightmareWeak, our bones turn to mesh

Ash on my tongue and call me Jude

TearsLying parallel

My eyes drool heavilyCould be one of two reasons

Gravity or sadnessTears of a cry out

For hopeFor somebody

Somebody I need not know yet

Fear of HateA dark thick syrup drips down my body

Not blood, not mapleSomething so sweet would turn rotten

What is this substance I have drowned myself inNothing but hate is stained on my skin

Hate is what I brought upon myselfMy own hate is what I hate

(continued on page 8)

July 2014

7

� e International Gazette

July 2014

8

� e International Gazette

POETRY CORNER (from page 6)

A Man � at Flicks His AshA drag of fear

One solid moment of the man holding his breathe � at one moment

� e whole world is still, pausedJust a moment to realize everything that is going on

around him A newspaper is stuck underneath his shoe

His shiny black o� ce shoes his wife made him buy � ey are Italian leather

A glance to his le� and the tra� c light is stuck at yellow

It reminds him of being stuck between choices Green to do it, red not to do it

He is always unsure of himself and he hates that Not knowing what is right from wrong

Wondering what his kids are learning at school today ’� ey will grow up to be good people’ he thinks

� e dull ashes from his cigarette start fallingHe watches the � akes fall slowly onto his shoes

His Italian leather shoesHe exhales with every last drop of breathe

Everything around him starts moving so quickly He can’t catch up to the world for that one moment he

took He made up his mind

‘I’ll do it’ he thinks� e man � icks his ash away � rows the cigarette down

Looks up at the grey sky shedding tears He is listening to the train approaching with stillness

Walks to the middle of the railroad track His pupils grow wide in an instant and…

AmbergrisWe are people. We accept what we

can take from the world and always want more. What if we could make

something more out of ourselves into something we are satis� ed with? When we look at an object that is

disgusting- destroyed, ruined, ugly- we o� en think there is no hope

for it to become something better. � at is how we look at our own selves, if we are broken we tend to dissolve

and think less of ourselves. Just like ambergris , it starts o� as a hard sub-stance washed up on the sea – which

relates how we are born into this world as individuals and are brought

up to become a ‘better’ person- as the ambergris ages it develops a scent that is used for high end fragrances- as we beings grow from our mistakes

and bad experiences, we can become something beautiful. It’s a

matter of time and hope that we can look at

ourselves in a restored way that we will then be pleased with our phase

of life on earth.

July 2014

S1

� e International Gazette

SPORTS

Wrestling’s Living Legend Bruno Sammartino Gets Inducted into the Hall of FameBy David BlockPaul Levesque who wrestles in the WWE (World Wresting Entertainment) under the moniker, Hunter Hearst Helmsley/AKA Triple H, has made a number of accomplishments inside the squared circle, including winning the WWE title on 13 di� erent occasions. Outside the ring, Levesque is Executive Vice President of Talent and Live Events for the WWE. In that role, he has also landed impressive coups, such as persuading one of professional wrestling’s all time greatest superstars, the Living Legend, Bruno Sammartino to allow the WWE to induct him into their Hall of Fame.

(Continued on page S2)

July 2014

8

� e International Gazette

POETRY CORNER (from page 6)

A Man � at Flicks His AshA drag of fear

One solid moment of the man holding his breathe � at one moment

� e whole world is still, pausedJust a moment to realize everything that is going on

around him A newspaper is stuck underneath his shoe

His shiny black o� ce shoes his wife made him buy � ey are Italian leather

A glance to his le� and the tra� c light is stuck at yellow

It reminds him of being stuck between choices Green to do it, red not to do it

He is always unsure of himself and he hates that Not knowing what is right from wrong

Wondering what his kids are learning at school today ’� ey will grow up to be good people’ he thinks

� e dull ashes from his cigarette start fallingHe watches the � akes fall slowly onto his shoes

His Italian leather shoesHe exhales with every last drop of breathe

Everything around him starts moving so quickly He can’t catch up to the world for that one moment he

took He made up his mind

‘I’ll do it’ he thinks� e man � icks his ash away � rows the cigarette down

Looks up at the grey sky shedding tears He is listening to the train approaching with stillness

Walks to the middle of the railroad track His pupils grow wide in an instant and…

AmbergrisWe are people. We accept what we

can take from the world and always want more. What if we could make

something more out of ourselves into something we are satis� ed with? When we look at an object that is

disgusting- destroyed, ruined, ugly- we o� en think there is no hope

for it to become something better. � at is how we look at our own selves, if we are broken we tend to dissolve

and think less of ourselves. Just like ambergris , it starts o� as a hard sub-stance washed up on the sea – which

relates how we are born into this world as individuals and are brought

up to become a ‘better’ person- as the ambergris ages it develops a scent that is used for high end fragrances- as we beings grow from our mistakes

and bad experiences, we can become something beautiful. It’s a

matter of time and hope that we can look at

ourselves in a restored way that we will then be pleased with our phase

of life on earth.

July 2014

S1

� e International Gazette

SPORTS

Wrestling’s Living Legend Bruno Sammartino Gets Inducted into the Hall of FameBy David BlockPaul Levesque who wrestles in the WWE (World Wresting Entertainment) under the moniker, Hunter Hearst Helmsley/AKA Triple H, has made a number of accomplishments inside the squared circle, including winning the WWE title on 13 di� erent occasions. Outside the ring, Levesque is Executive Vice President of Talent and Live Events for the WWE. In that role, he has also landed impressive coups, such as persuading one of professional wrestling’s all time greatest superstars, the Living Legend, Bruno Sammartino to allow the WWE to induct him into their Hall of Fame.

(Continued on page S2)

July 2014

S2

� e International Gazette

(Sammartino, from page S1)For years, Sammartino turned down the WWE’s o� ers because he le� the organization in 1988 on bad terms.

Levesque wanted to see Sammartino inducted.

“� e WWE has become the caretakers of wrestling,” said Levesque. “To me, it was like baseball having a hall of fame without Babe Ruth in it. When Bruno wrestled, he was the most recognizable name in the entire business.”

Sammartino was one of the most popular wrestlers in his day.

Levesque said: “My dad grew up watching Bruno. He was a huge Bruno fan.” When the WWE inducted Sammartino into the WWE Hall of Fame at Madison Square Garden April 6, 2013, the night before Wrestlemania 29, Levesque’s father was there. “My dad was like a little kid. He didn’t care what else he did that Wrestlemania weekend. He just wanted me to introduce him to Bruno. My dad told me how important Bruno was to him.”

When Levesque set out to get Sammartino inducted, he knew that the Living Legend had had serious problems with WWE Chairman Vince McMahon, Jr. He also knew that Sammartino objected to the WWE’s vulgarity, profanity and nudity. “Times had changed,” said Levesque. “� e WWE had changed. We had to show Bruno that we cleaned up our act. I knew that if we could all get together and look at today instead of the past, we would all be on the same page.”

When Levesque told Sammartino that the WWE hired Dr. Joseph Maroon to head their wellness and drug testing programs Sammartino was impressed. � e doctor and Sammartino were close friends. In fact, he operated on Sammartino three times.

Sammartino spoke to Dr. Maroon. “He told me that the WWE were doing very, very strict drug testing,” said Sammartino. “Paul assured me that the WWE wanted everything to be more family friendly. � ey did away with the nudity, the vulgarity, and the profanity that existed. I started watching it on television for about eight months to make sure it was so. I must say that Paul was straight with me, very honest. I told Paul that I would be happy to be inducted.”

� e Night of the Hall of Fame CeremonySammartino and McMahon had a private meeting at Madison Square Garden. When they shook hands for the � rst time in over 20 years, McMahon said, ‘Welcome home,’ according to Sammartino. “We talked a bit about what the problem had been, my feelings, and his feelings,” said Sammartino. “He was gracious. He said, ‘we made a lot of changes here. We’d love to bury the hatchet. � e past is the past. Let’s go with the future.’ ”

(Continued on S3)

Sammartino during his professional wrestling days.

Courtesy: Newsday

July 2014

S3

� e International Gazette

(Sammartino, from page S2)When Sammartino’s long time friend, Arnold Schwarzenegger, inducted him into the Hall of Fame in front of a sold out Madison Square Garden, the Living Legend was greeted with resounding applause and the chant, “� ank you, Bruno!”

“I didn’t know what to expect,” said Sammartino. “When I wrestled there years ago, the fans were the parents and grandparents of the people who were there for the induction. When I came out there, and received the applause, I can’t deny that it was a great, great feeling.”

� at night all the WWE wrestlers thanked Sammartino for paving the way for them.

When Sammartino wrestled, he weighed 270. He came to the ring with just a pair of tights and a pair of boots. � ere was nothing fancy about him. Unlike many other pro wrestlers, Sammartino never had a moniker or wore an outlandish costume.

� roughout his career and even today, Sammartino is one of the most popular wrestlers. Levesque explained: “Bruno has an honesty about him. Bruno represented a lot of things to a lot of people. � e biggest one - he was the immigrant who came to the U.S. with nothing in his pocket. He was sickly. He worked hard, he built himself up. He became an international superstar. He became wealthy and famous. To a lot of people, he represented possibility and hope. Over the years, as Bruno continued his career, I think people saw that. � ey saw how he lived his life. He was - in that time frame - a role model.”

Bruno and the American DreamBruno Sammartino was born in Italy October 6, 1935. He has both fond and disturbing childhood memories of growing up in “� e Old Country.”

Sammartino had a normal childhood living in the town of Pizzoferrato, about two and a half hours away from Rome.

A� er the Partisans ousted Mussolini in 1943, his whole world changed. Germany invaded Italy. “� e SS Troops marched through Pizzoferrato and were killing people,” Sammartino said. “No one was safe. My family and I � ed to the mountains and hid there 14 months.”

While hiding, Sammartino developed Rheumatic Fever and almost died.

His mother placed leaches on his body. “She thought that they would take away the poisonous blood in my system. She boiled some melting snow and had me inhale the steam. I don’t know if what she did worked or not, I know that I was near death, and I survived.”

(Continued on S4)

Courtesy: Chiller � eater Memories

July 2014

S2

� e International Gazette

(Sammartino, from page S1)For years, Sammartino turned down the WWE’s o� ers because he le� the organization in 1988 on bad terms.

Levesque wanted to see Sammartino inducted.

“� e WWE has become the caretakers of wrestling,” said Levesque. “To me, it was like baseball having a hall of fame without Babe Ruth in it. When Bruno wrestled, he was the most recognizable name in the entire business.”

Sammartino was one of the most popular wrestlers in his day.

Levesque said: “My dad grew up watching Bruno. He was a huge Bruno fan.” When the WWE inducted Sammartino into the WWE Hall of Fame at Madison Square Garden April 6, 2013, the night before Wrestlemania 29, Levesque’s father was there. “My dad was like a little kid. He didn’t care what else he did that Wrestlemania weekend. He just wanted me to introduce him to Bruno. My dad told me how important Bruno was to him.”

When Levesque set out to get Sammartino inducted, he knew that the Living Legend had had serious problems with WWE Chairman Vince McMahon, Jr. He also knew that Sammartino objected to the WWE’s vulgarity, profanity and nudity. “Times had changed,” said Levesque. “� e WWE had changed. We had to show Bruno that we cleaned up our act. I knew that if we could all get together and look at today instead of the past, we would all be on the same page.”

When Levesque told Sammartino that the WWE hired Dr. Joseph Maroon to head their wellness and drug testing programs Sammartino was impressed. � e doctor and Sammartino were close friends. In fact, he operated on Sammartino three times.

Sammartino spoke to Dr. Maroon. “He told me that the WWE were doing very, very strict drug testing,” said Sammartino. “Paul assured me that the WWE wanted everything to be more family friendly. � ey did away with the nudity, the vulgarity, and the profanity that existed. I started watching it on television for about eight months to make sure it was so. I must say that Paul was straight with me, very honest. I told Paul that I would be happy to be inducted.”

� e Night of the Hall of Fame CeremonySammartino and McMahon had a private meeting at Madison Square Garden. When they shook hands for the � rst time in over 20 years, McMahon said, ‘Welcome home,’ according to Sammartino. “We talked a bit about what the problem had been, my feelings, and his feelings,” said Sammartino. “He was gracious. He said, ‘we made a lot of changes here. We’d love to bury the hatchet. � e past is the past. Let’s go with the future.’ ”

(Continued on S3)

Sammartino during his professional wrestling days.

Courtesy: Newsday

July 2014

S3

� e International Gazette

(Sammartino, from page S2)When Sammartino’s long time friend, Arnold Schwarzenegger, inducted him into the Hall of Fame in front of a sold out Madison Square Garden, the Living Legend was greeted with resounding applause and the chant, “� ank you, Bruno!”

“I didn’t know what to expect,” said Sammartino. “When I wrestled there years ago, the fans were the parents and grandparents of the people who were there for the induction. When I came out there, and received the applause, I can’t deny that it was a great, great feeling.”

� at night all the WWE wrestlers thanked Sammartino for paving the way for them.

When Sammartino wrestled, he weighed 270. He came to the ring with just a pair of tights and a pair of boots. � ere was nothing fancy about him. Unlike many other pro wrestlers, Sammartino never had a moniker or wore an outlandish costume.

� roughout his career and even today, Sammartino is one of the most popular wrestlers. Levesque explained: “Bruno has an honesty about him. Bruno represented a lot of things to a lot of people. � e biggest one - he was the immigrant who came to the U.S. with nothing in his pocket. He was sickly. He worked hard, he built himself up. He became an international superstar. He became wealthy and famous. To a lot of people, he represented possibility and hope. Over the years, as Bruno continued his career, I think people saw that. � ey saw how he lived his life. He was - in that time frame - a role model.”

Bruno and the American DreamBruno Sammartino was born in Italy October 6, 1935. He has both fond and disturbing childhood memories of growing up in “� e Old Country.”

Sammartino had a normal childhood living in the town of Pizzoferrato, about two and a half hours away from Rome.

A� er the Partisans ousted Mussolini in 1943, his whole world changed. Germany invaded Italy. “� e SS Troops marched through Pizzoferrato and were killing people,” Sammartino said. “No one was safe. My family and I � ed to the mountains and hid there 14 months.”

While hiding, Sammartino developed Rheumatic Fever and almost died.

His mother placed leaches on his body. “She thought that they would take away the poisonous blood in my system. She boiled some melting snow and had me inhale the steam. I don’t know if what she did worked or not, I know that I was near death, and I survived.”

(Continued on S4)

Courtesy: Chiller � eater Memories

July 2014

S4

� e International Gazette

(Sammartino, from page S3)While hiding, Sammartino developed Rheumatic Fever and almost died.

His mother placed leaches on his body. “She thought that they would take away the poisonous blood in my system. She boiled some melting snow and had me inhale the steam. I don’t know if what she did worked or not, I know that I was near death, and I survived.”

During the Second World War, Sammartino’s father was in the U.S. � e war made it impossible for his father to remain in touch with anyone in Italy. A� er the war ended, his father was reunited with the family.

“My parents decided that it would be best for the family if we moved to America because the economy in Italy was very bad,” Sammartino said.

In 1949, at age 14, Bruno Sammartino and his family moved to Pittsburgh, PA because his father had a job there working in the steel mills.

In a 1960 Madison Square Garden bout with Haystacks Calhoun (William Dee Calhoun) who allegedly weighed close to 600 pounds, Sammartino thought that he could make a name for himself by li� ing up this enormous heavyweight. “No one was ever able to do it,” Sammartino said.

(Continued on S6)

“It was a tough adjustment,” said Sammartino. “When I came here, I couldn’t speak a word of English. I was also skinny and sickly.” He added: “Kids can be cruel. My brother and I got beat up so much.” He and his brother joined a local YMCA (non-pro� t organization that o� ers sports and art programs to urban communities worldwide) to learn self-defense. “� ere I learned how to wrestle. I started li� ing weights on a regular basis.” He no longer had to deal with bullies. “I became a fanatic with my training. My health improved, the more I saw the change, the more drive I had to train. I trained for many hours at a time.”

In 1959 he set a weight li� ing record, bench pressing 565 pounds.

In 1958, Sammartino won the North American Weight Li� ing Championships in Oklahoma City. A� erwards, on a local Pittsburgh TV show, he told the interviewer that he also wrestled. A wrestling promoter who saw the show was impressed with this young man. Without hesitation, he approached Sammartino about breaking into professional wrestling. � e young Sammartino gave an enthusiastic yes.

Sammartino’s � rst two years were frustrating because wrestling promoters booked him in preliminary bouts. “I wasn’t getting main events like I wanted,” Sammartino said.

July 2014

S5

� e International Gazette

July 2014

S4

� e International Gazette

(Sammartino, from page S3)While hiding, Sammartino developed Rheumatic Fever and almost died.

His mother placed leaches on his body. “She thought that they would take away the poisonous blood in my system. She boiled some melting snow and had me inhale the steam. I don’t know if what she did worked or not, I know that I was near death, and I survived.”

During the Second World War, Sammartino’s father was in the U.S. � e war made it impossible for his father to remain in touch with anyone in Italy. A� er the war ended, his father was reunited with the family.

“My parents decided that it would be best for the family if we moved to America because the economy in Italy was very bad,” Sammartino said.

In 1949, at age 14, Bruno Sammartino and his family moved to Pittsburgh, PA because his father had a job there working in the steel mills.

In a 1960 Madison Square Garden bout with Haystacks Calhoun (William Dee Calhoun) who allegedly weighed close to 600 pounds, Sammartino thought that he could make a name for himself by li� ing up this enormous heavyweight. “No one was ever able to do it,” Sammartino said.

(Continued on S6)

“It was a tough adjustment,” said Sammartino. “When I came here, I couldn’t speak a word of English. I was also skinny and sickly.” He added: “Kids can be cruel. My brother and I got beat up so much.” He and his brother joined a local YMCA (non-pro� t organization that o� ers sports and art programs to urban communities worldwide) to learn self-defense. “� ere I learned how to wrestle. I started li� ing weights on a regular basis.” He no longer had to deal with bullies. “I became a fanatic with my training. My health improved, the more I saw the change, the more drive I had to train. I trained for many hours at a time.”

In 1959 he set a weight li� ing record, bench pressing 565 pounds.

In 1958, Sammartino won the North American Weight Li� ing Championships in Oklahoma City. A� erwards, on a local Pittsburgh TV show, he told the interviewer that he also wrestled. A wrestling promoter who saw the show was impressed with this young man. Without hesitation, he approached Sammartino about breaking into professional wrestling. � e young Sammartino gave an enthusiastic yes.

Sammartino’s � rst two years were frustrating because wrestling promoters booked him in preliminary bouts. “I wasn’t getting main events like I wanted,” Sammartino said.

July 2014

S5

� e International Gazette

July 2014

S6

� e International Gazette

Bruno Becomes ChampionOn May 17, 1963, Sammartino fought his proudest match, defeating Buddy “Nature Boy” Rogers (Herman Rohde) in 48 seconds to become the WWWF (World Wide Wrestling Federation) champion. (� e organization was renamed the World Wrestling Federation in 1979, and then again in 2002 as WWE.) “Rogers was one of the great wrestlers of his era, (the 1950s and 1960s),” Sammartino remembered. “� at match meant so much to me because that put me at the top. You couldn’t achieve a higher goal than winning the title.”

Contrary to popular belief, professional wrestling is more real than a lot of people think, according to Sammartino. “We really do get hurt,” said Sammartino. “I had my nose broken 11 times, I broke my forearm, my � ngers, and my collarbone. I needed back surgery due to getting hurt in the ring. To this day, I have cauli� ower ears. I even got my neck broken.”

Nearly eight years into his � rst WWWF title Reign, Sammartino wanted out. He explained: “I was hurting so bad. I would never take an aspirin. I told Vince McMahon, Sr. I didn’t believe I was doing the fans justice because I was hurting and I was not as good as I had been. I felt it was time to get someone fresher and younger to take over the role as champion. Even though I still gave it my all, I didn’t feel it was good enough. I didn’t feel the fans were getting what they had paid for.”

(Continued on S7)

(Sammartino, from S4)When Sammartino li� ed up Calhoun, the fans went wild! “I thought that the roof in the Garden was going to pop o� ,” Sammartino said. “For some reason, that feat didn’t make a di� erence as far as promoters doing something more with me.”

A Grappling BusinessSammartino hated to lose matches. Worse, he objected to losing because promoters told him to do so.

“I wouldn’t cooperate with promoters,” Sammartino said. “I told them ‘if anybody can really beat me, � ne. But that’s the only way I’ll go down.’ I was a real young guy, and I wanted to establish myself. I didn’t want to be a preliminary boy, so the promoters took a negative stand against me by black balling me all over the country. I wound up wrestling in Canada, because I couldn’t get matches in the states.”

In Canada, Sammartino became the Canadian heavyweight champion from 1961-1963.

To the surprise of the U.S. promoters, the fans in the states wanted to see Sammartino wrestle. “� ose same promoters who blackballed me were now asking me to come back,” said Sammartino. “I said only if they booked me in a championship match.”

July 2014

S7

� e International Gazette

(Sammartino, from S6)On January 8, 1971, Sammartino lost his title to “� e Russian Bear” Ivan Kolo� (Oreal Perras). In truth, “� e Russian Bear” was a Canadian.

Bruno Regains TitleSammartino had no intention of regaining the title. However,

Vince McMahon Sr. asked him to become champion again. McMahon promised Sammartino that this title reign would only last a year. At age 38, Sammartino regained the title. On December 10, 1973 at Madison Square Garden. he defeated Stan “� e Man” Stasiak (George Stipich).

A year went by, then a second one, and Sammartino was getting frustrated. His body had taken a terrible toll.

In April 1976 in Madison Square Garden, Stan Hansen (John Stanley Hansen) broke Sammartino’s neck. “He dropped me on my head,” said Sammartino.

While Sammartino was recuperating in the hospital, Vince McMahon Sr. frequently phoned him because he wanted Sammartino to have a return grudge match.

According to Sammartino, McMahon needed to come up with a lot of money to help pay for the � ght between Muhammad Ali and the Japanese wrestler, Antonio Anoki in Japan. Wrestling and boxing fans on the East Coast of the U.S. had the opportunity to see this match on closed circuit TV, but not too many people were buying tickets. (Before Pay per View, fans could see live big events on closed circuit TV at local arenas and venues.)

McMahon wanted to add the Sammartino/Hansen grudge match to the closed circuit TV event. He also added another wrestler/boxer match to increase ticket sales: Andre the Giant (Andre Rene Roussimo� ) against Chuck Wepner. � ese two matches took place at Shea Stadium, and were � lmed for inclusion in the Ali/Anoki closed circuit TV event.

“Vince feared that if he didn’t book a return match with Stan Hansen and me, the company (WWWF) could go bankrupt,” said Sammartino. “I explained to him, ‘how could I accept the match! I have a broken neck!’ He kept saying, ‘we could pull it o� . We could pull it o� .’ Sammartino reluctantly agreed to the match. “I had my doctor at ringside. I took no chances, as soon as Stan Hansen approached the ring, I blindsided him. He was bloody and he took o� . � e fans were happy to see me get my revenge.”

(Continued on S8)

Sammartino with the WWWF Heavyweight Championship. Courtesy:Anthrocivitas:

� e Gate of All Nations

July 2014

S6

� e International Gazette

Bruno Becomes ChampionOn May 17, 1963, Sammartino fought his proudest match, defeating Buddy “Nature Boy” Rogers (Herman Rohde) in 48 seconds to become the WWWF (World Wide Wrestling Federation) champion. (� e organization was renamed the World Wrestling Federation in 1979, and then again in 2002 as WWE.) “Rogers was one of the great wrestlers of his era, (the 1950s and 1960s),” Sammartino remembered. “� at match meant so much to me because that put me at the top. You couldn’t achieve a higher goal than winning the title.”

Contrary to popular belief, professional wrestling is more real than a lot of people think, according to Sammartino. “We really do get hurt,” said Sammartino. “I had my nose broken 11 times, I broke my forearm, my � ngers, and my collarbone. I needed back surgery due to getting hurt in the ring. To this day, I have cauli� ower ears. I even got my neck broken.”

Nearly eight years into his � rst WWWF title Reign, Sammartino wanted out. He explained: “I was hurting so bad. I would never take an aspirin. I told Vince McMahon, Sr. I didn’t believe I was doing the fans justice because I was hurting and I was not as good as I had been. I felt it was time to get someone fresher and younger to take over the role as champion. Even though I still gave it my all, I didn’t feel it was good enough. I didn’t feel the fans were getting what they had paid for.”

(Continued on S7)

(Sammartino, from S4)When Sammartino li� ed up Calhoun, the fans went wild! “I thought that the roof in the Garden was going to pop o� ,” Sammartino said. “For some reason, that feat didn’t make a di� erence as far as promoters doing something more with me.”

A Grappling BusinessSammartino hated to lose matches. Worse, he objected to losing because promoters told him to do so.

“I wouldn’t cooperate with promoters,” Sammartino said. “I told them ‘if anybody can really beat me, � ne. But that’s the only way I’ll go down.’ I was a real young guy, and I wanted to establish myself. I didn’t want to be a preliminary boy, so the promoters took a negative stand against me by black balling me all over the country. I wound up wrestling in Canada, because I couldn’t get matches in the states.”

In Canada, Sammartino became the Canadian heavyweight champion from 1961-1963.

To the surprise of the U.S. promoters, the fans in the states wanted to see Sammartino wrestle. “� ose same promoters who blackballed me were now asking me to come back,” said Sammartino. “I said only if they booked me in a championship match.”

July 2014

S7

� e International Gazette

(Sammartino, from S6)On January 8, 1971, Sammartino lost his title to “� e Russian Bear” Ivan Kolo� (Oreal Perras). In truth, “� e Russian Bear” was a Canadian.

Bruno Regains TitleSammartino had no intention of regaining the title. However,

Vince McMahon Sr. asked him to become champion again. McMahon promised Sammartino that this title reign would only last a year. At age 38, Sammartino regained the title. On December 10, 1973 at Madison Square Garden. he defeated Stan “� e Man” Stasiak (George Stipich).

A year went by, then a second one, and Sammartino was getting frustrated. His body had taken a terrible toll.

In April 1976 in Madison Square Garden, Stan Hansen (John Stanley Hansen) broke Sammartino’s neck. “He dropped me on my head,” said Sammartino.

While Sammartino was recuperating in the hospital, Vince McMahon Sr. frequently phoned him because he wanted Sammartino to have a return grudge match.

According to Sammartino, McMahon needed to come up with a lot of money to help pay for the � ght between Muhammad Ali and the Japanese wrestler, Antonio Anoki in Japan. Wrestling and boxing fans on the East Coast of the U.S. had the opportunity to see this match on closed circuit TV, but not too many people were buying tickets. (Before Pay per View, fans could see live big events on closed circuit TV at local arenas and venues.)

McMahon wanted to add the Sammartino/Hansen grudge match to the closed circuit TV event. He also added another wrestler/boxer match to increase ticket sales: Andre the Giant (Andre Rene Roussimo� ) against Chuck Wepner. � ese two matches took place at Shea Stadium, and were � lmed for inclusion in the Ali/Anoki closed circuit TV event.

“Vince feared that if he didn’t book a return match with Stan Hansen and me, the company (WWWF) could go bankrupt,” said Sammartino. “I explained to him, ‘how could I accept the match! I have a broken neck!’ He kept saying, ‘we could pull it o� . We could pull it o� .’ Sammartino reluctantly agreed to the match. “I had my doctor at ringside. I took no chances, as soon as Stan Hansen approached the ring, I blindsided him. He was bloody and he took o� . � e fans were happy to see me get my revenge.”

(Continued on S8)

Sammartino with the WWWF Heavyweight Championship. Courtesy:Anthrocivitas:

� e Gate of All Nations

July 2014

S8

� e International Gazette

(Sammartino, from S7)� e fans were ecstatic, but Sammartino’s family was irate. Sammartino said: “My family was upset that I had the return match because I had come within a millimeter of being paralyzed from the neck down. � e doctor said I wasn’t healed enough to have the match. My family begged me, ‘you can’t do it, you can’t take the chance.’ I felt obligated to the company. If I didn’t have the match, if the losses were great, it could have put the company under, so I felt it was my duty to do whatever I could not to let that happen.”

A� er that match, Sammartino refused to continue his reign as champion. On April 30, 1977 in Baltimore, Maryland, Sammartino lost the WWWF title to Superstar Billy Graham (Wayne Coleman).

Change Isn’t Always Good In the early ‘80s, Vince McMahon, Sr. died and his son Vince McMa-hon, Jr. became the new owner of the league. McMahon asked Sam-martino to be a TV commentator.

“I agreed to do it because he promised to give my son (David Sammartino) some breaks. David was just starting out as a wrestler.”

However, Bruno disliked how the wrestling industry changed.

“I saw a di� erent world than the one that I knew. It seemed like everyone was using steroids. Yes, in my day, there were some wrestlers using steroids, but the number of people taking them in my day was very low. Now I saw that drugs were rampant and I was bothered by it. I didn’t like the turn wrestling was taking, but I put up with it longer than I wanted to. I worried that if I quit, would David (Sammartino) still get opportunities? Finally, it got to the point, I wanted nothing more to do with that organization or Vince McMahon, Jr.”

And Now Today Bruno Sammartino still keeps � t by power walking and weight li� ing. “I just do it to stay in shape,” he said.

For more info about Sammartino, you can buy his book: Bruno Sammartino: An Autobiography of Wrestling’s Living Legend with Bob Michelucci and Paul McCollough (2008).

July 2014

S8

� e International Gazette

(Sammartino, from S7)� e fans were ecstatic, but Sammartino’s family was irate. Sammartino said: “My family was upset that I had the return match because I had come within a millimeter of being paralyzed from the neck down. � e doctor said I wasn’t healed enough to have the match. My family begged me, ‘you can’t do it, you can’t take the chance.’ I felt obligated to the company. If I didn’t have the match, if the losses were great, it could have put the company under, so I felt it was my duty to do whatever I could not to let that happen.”

A� er that match, Sammartino refused to continue his reign as champion. On April 30, 1977 in Baltimore, Maryland, Sammartino lost the WWWF title to Superstar Billy Graham (Wayne Coleman).

Change Isn’t Always Good In the early ‘80s, Vince McMahon, Sr. died and his son Vince McMa-hon, Jr. became the new owner of the league. McMahon asked Sam-martino to be a TV commentator.

“I agreed to do it because he promised to give my son (David Sammartino) some breaks. David was just starting out as a wrestler.”

However, Bruno disliked how the wrestling industry changed.

“I saw a di� erent world than the one that I knew. It seemed like everyone was using steroids. Yes, in my day, there were some wrestlers using steroids, but the number of people taking them in my day was very low. Now I saw that drugs were rampant and I was bothered by it. I didn’t like the turn wrestling was taking, but I put up with it longer than I wanted to. I worried that if I quit, would David (Sammartino) still get opportunities? Finally, it got to the point, I wanted nothing more to do with that organization or Vince McMahon, Jr.”

And Now Today Bruno Sammartino still keeps � t by power walking and weight li� ing. “I just do it to stay in shape,” he said.

For more info about Sammartino, you can buy his book: Bruno Sammartino: An Autobiography of Wrestling’s Living Legend with Bob Michelucci and Paul McCollough (2008).

July 2014� e International Gazette

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