international conference on youth policy and research: from theory to
TRANSCRIPT
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8/14/2019 International Conference on Youth Policy and Research: From Theory To
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qu y anqu y an
ParticipationParticipationInternational Conference on YouthInternational Conference on Youth
Policy and Research: From Theory toPolicy and Research: From Theory to
PracticePractice
David M. HansenDavid M. Hansen
University of Kansas, USAUniversity of Kansas, USAVienna, AustriaVienna, Austria
20092009
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Adult Stereotypes ofAdult Stereotypes of
YouthYouth shortsightedshortsighted
focused more on the immediatefocused more on the immediate
rather than on the futurerather than on the future bored, disengaged and alienatedbored, disengaged and alienated
from societyfrom society
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Free Time With Friends
MotivationMotivation ChallengeChallenge
Data are from Csikszentmihalyi andLarson (1984).
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During Class
MotivationMotivation ChallengeChallenge
Data are from Csikszentmihalyi andLarson (1984).
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Youth Programs
MotivationMotivation ChallengeChallenge
Data are from Csikszentmihalyi andLarson (1984).
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BackdropBackdrop
US has a bottom-up approachUS has a bottom-up approach
This Presentation:This Presentation:Situate the issues of youthSituate the issues of youth
participation in US within theparticipation in US within the
developmental promise and potentialdevelopmental promise and potential
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Developmental PromiseDevelopmental Promise
and Potentialand Potential Principle of Youth Development:Principle of Youth Development:
Experience drives cognitiveExperience drives cognitive (social,(social,
emotional, civic, etc)emotional, civic, etc) growth during youthgrowth during youth
periodperiod Authentic Experience needed to develop adult-Authentic Experience needed to develop adult-
typical capacitiestypical capacities Authentic Experience = experiences that mimic real-Authentic Experience = experiences that mimic real-
world adult conditionsworld adult conditions
Biology does not drive cognitiveBiology does not drive cognitive
changeschanges
Experience SculptsExperience Sculpts
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PFC BeforePFC Before
PubertyPuberty
PFC Puberty toPFC Puberty to
~20~20
PFC* = Pre-Frontal Cortex; associated with higher-ordered
Visual Depiction of Brain Changes in PFC*Starting at Puberty
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SampleSample Representative sample of 2,280 eleventh gradeRepresentative sample of 2,280 eleventh grade
students from Illinoisstudents from Illinois
LocationLocation::31% urban, 38% suburban, 15% small city, 16% rural31% urban, 38% suburban, 15% small city, 16% rural
GenderGender: 51% female; 49% male: 51% female; 49% male
Ethnicity:Ethnicity:64% European American 13% African American64% European American 13% African American
10% Hispanic10% Hispanic 6% Asian6% Asian1% Pacific Islander and Native American1% Pacific Islander and Native American
6% reported multiple ethnicities or did not respond6% reported multiple ethnicities or did not respond
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Youth Participation inYouth Participation in
Organized Youth ActivitiesOrganized Youth Activities
SportsSports
TeamTeam Basketball, Football, Soccer, Baseball, Softball,Basketball, Football, Soccer, Baseball, Softball,
Volleyball, Cheerleading, Drill Team, Hockey,Volleyball, Cheerleading, Drill Team, Hockey,
Lacrosse, Majorettes, Water poloLacrosse, Majorettes, Water polo
IndividualIndividual Bowling, Aerobics, Track, Tennis, Golf, Wrestling,Bowling, Aerobics, Track, Tennis, Golf, Wrestling,
Martial Arts, Swim Team, Cross Country,Martial Arts, Swim Team, Cross Country,
Gymnastics, Skating, Ski Team, Diving Team,Gymnastics, Skating, Ski Team, Diving Team,
Racquetball, PepRacquetball, Pep
Performance and Fine ArtsPerformance and Fine Arts
MusicalMusical Band, Choir, OrchestraBand, Choir, Orchestra
PerformancePerformance Dance, DramaDance, Drama
Arts ClubsArts Clubs Art Club, Creative Writing ClubArt Club, Creative Writing Club
A d i Cl b d O i
i
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Academic Clubs and OrganizationsAcademic Clubs and Organizations
EducationalEducational Foreign Language, Math Club, Chess Club, Science Club,Foreign Language, Math Club, Chess Club, Science Club,
Computer Club, Quiz Bowl, Speech Club, Debate, HistoryComputer Club, Quiz Bowl, Speech Club, Debate, History
Club, Psych. Club, Book ClubClub, Psych. Club, Book Club
Student Gov.Student Gov.& Leadership& Leadership
Prom, Student Council, Homecoming, Yearbook, LiteraryProm, Student Council, Homecoming, Yearbook, LiteraryMagazineMagazine
Cultural, SocialCultural, Social
& Honorary& HonoraryEthnic Clubs, NHS, Letterman Club, Kcor Rock Club,Ethnic Clubs, NHS, Letterman Club, Kcor Rock Club,
Lifesavers, Youth & Government, TriMLifesavers, Youth & Government, TriM
Community-OrientedCommunity-Oriented
CommunityCommunityOrg.Org. YMCA, Big Brother/Sister, Scouts, Boys/Girls Club, 4HYMCA, Big Brother/Sister, Scouts, Boys/Girls Club, 4H
Career & Tech. Org.Career & Tech. Org. FFA , FBLA, Junior Achieve, FCCLA, JETS, ROTCFFA , FBLA, Junior Achieve, FCCLA, JETS, ROTC
ServiceService
CommunityCommunity Community Service, Volunteering, Faith-based Service, KeyCommunity Service, Volunteering, Faith-based Service, Key
Club, American Field, Civic Club, Interact, EnvironmentalClub, American Field, Civic Club, Interact, Environmental
Club, Knight BuddiesClub, Knight Buddies
PeerPeer Tutoring, Peer Counseling, Writing CenterTutoring, Peer Counseling, Writing Center
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Youth Experience Survey (YES)Youth Experience Survey (YES)
Identity WorkIdentity WorkI do things here I dont get to do elsewhereI do things here I dont get to do elsewhere
InitiativeInitiativeI set goals form myself in this activityI set goals form myself in this activity
Emotional RegulationEmotional RegulationI learned that my emotions affect how I performI learned that my emotions affect how I perform
Teamwork and Social SkillsTeamwork and Social SkillsHad an opportunity to be in charge of a group of peersHad an opportunity to be in charge of a group of peers
Positive RelationshipsPositive RelationshipsLearned about helping othersLearned about helping others
Adult Networks & Social CapitalAdult Networks & Social Capital
Got to know people in the communityGot to know people in the community
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2
2.5
3
3.5
4
Identit
y
Initiative
otionalR
egulation
Team
work
sitiveRelatio
nshi
ps
A
dultNe
tworks
Youth Activities S
PersonalPersonal InterpersonalPersonal
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2.5
3
3.5
4
Identit
y
Initiativ
e
otionalR
egulation
Team
work
sitiveRelationshi
ps
A
dultNe
tworks
Youth Activities
InterpersonalPersonal
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2
2.5
3
3.5
4
Identit
y
Initiative
otionalR
egulation
Team
work
sitiveRelatio
nshi
ps
A
dultNe
tworks
Youth Activities Acad
InterpersonalPersonal
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2
2.5
3
3.5
4
Identit
y
Initiative
otionalR
egulation
Team
work
sitiveRelatio
nshi
ps
A
dultNe
tworks
Youth Activities Com
InterpersonalPersonal
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2.5
3
3.5
4
Identit
y
Initiative
otionalR
egulation
Team
work
sitiveRelatio
nshi
ps
A
dultNe
tworks
Youth Activities Se
InterpersonalPersonal
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2
2.5
3
3.5
4
Identit
y
Initia
tive
tionalReg
ulatio
n
Team
work
veRelat
ionships
AdultNe
tworks
Youth Activities
Faith-based Youth Gro
InterpersonalPersonal
O i d Y th A ti itiOrgani ed Yo th Acti ities
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Organized Youth ActivitiesOrganized Youth Activities
Compared to Class, Friends,Compared to Class, Friends,
and Joband Job Compared to Academic ClassCompared to Academic Class::
Organized activities significantly higher on all sixOrganized activities significantly higher on all six
domains than academic classdomains than academic class
Part-time WorkPart-time Work:: Mixed findings: work provided many nonacademicMixed findings: work provided many nonacademic
learning opportunities but also higher stresslearning opportunities but also higher stress
Some types of activities were higher on specificSome types of activities were higher on specific
experiences compared to work.experiences compared to work.
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Theory of DevelopmentTheory of Development
Authentic Experience:Authentic Experience:Over-time planning &Over-time planning &
decision makingdecision making
Face obstacles andFace obstacles anddemandsdemands
Engagement withEngagement with
ChallengesChallenges
New Modes of ThinkingNew Modes of Thinking
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ConclusionsConclusions
Re-think how we educate youthRe-think how we educate youth
Create an adult awareness of youthCreate an adult awareness of youth
potentials and possibilitiespotentials and possibilities
Not all participation leads to theNot all participation leads to the
same learningsame learning