interest groups 15. video: the big picture 15 ared_media_1/polisci/presidency/oconner_c...
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Interest Groups 15
Video: The Big Picture 15
http://media.pearsoncmg.com/ph/hss/SSA_SHARED_MEDIA_1/polisci/presidency/OConner_Ch15_Interest_Groups_Seg1_v2.html
15
Describe the historical development of American interest groups
15.1
15.2
Trace the roots of the American interest group system
Learning Objectives
15
Analyze the factors that make an interest group successful
15.3
15.4
Identify several strategies and tactics used by organized interests
Learning Objectives
15
15.5Explain reform efforts geared toward regulating interest groups and lobbyists
Learning Objectives
Video: The Basics
http://media.pearsoncmg.com/ph/hss/SSA_SHARED_MEDIA_1/polisci/presidency/Seg2_InterestGroups_v2.html
15
Theories of Interest Group Formation Kinds of Organized Interests
Roots of the American Interest Group System
15.1
Public Interest Groups Seek a collective good
Economic Interest Groups Promote the economic interests of their members
Governmental Units State and local governments lobby, too
Political Action Committees Officially registered fundraising organizations that
represent interest groups
Kinds of Interest Groups 15.1
TABLE 15.1: What are the Characteristics of Selected Interest Groups?
15.1
Video: In Context 15.1
http://media.pearsoncmg.com/ph/hss/SSA_SHARED_MEDIA_1/polisci/presidency/Seg3_InterestGroups_v2.html
15.115.1 Subscribers to this theory emphasize the role of the elites in interest group formation:
a. Pluralist theory
b. Disturbance theory
c. Transactions theory
d. None of the above
15.115.1 Subscribers to this theory emphasize the role of the elites in interest group formation:
a. Pluralist theory
b. Disturbance theory
c. Transactions theory
d. None of the above
Video: In the Real World
http://media.pearsoncmg.com/ph/hss/SSA_SHARED_MEDIA_1/polisci/presidency/Seg5_InterestGroups_v2.html
15.1
The Development of American Interest Groups
15.2
National Groups Emerge (1830-1889) The Progressive Era (1890-1920) The Rise of the Interest Group State
National Groups Emerge 15.2
American Anti-Slavery Society One of the first national groups
Women’s Christian Temperance Union Sought Prohibition
The Grange Educated farmers and sought legislation
Business Interests Standard Oil Railroad
The Grange 15.2
Organized Labor American Federation of Labor Clayton Act – allowed unions to strike
Business Groups and Trade Associations National Association of Manufacturers Chamber of Commerce
The Progressive Era 15.2
Conservative Response: Religious and Ideological Groups Moral Majority, Christian Coalition and the National Rifle
Association
Business Groups, Corporations, and Associations Chamber of Commerce, Business Roundtable
Organized Labor American Federation of Labor and Congress of Industrial
Organizations
The Rise of the Interest Group State
15.2
How is the face of union membership changing?
15.2
15.215.2 Which statement concerning the rise of national interest groups is true?
a. Their rise followed improvements in communication networks
b. They generally were concerned with one issue
c. They tended to fall into the public interest category
d. All of the above
15.215.2 Which statement concerning the rise of national interest groups is true?
a. Their rise followed improvements in communication networks
b. They generally were concerned with one issue
c. They tended to fall into the public interest category
d. All of the above
Lobbying Election Activities
What Do Interest Groups Do?
15.3
Lobbying Congress Lobbying the Executive Branch Lobbying the Courts Grassroots Lobbying Protests and Radical Activism
Lobbying 15.3
FIGURE 15.1: How Many Lobbyists Are There? How Much Do They Spend?
15.3
What Role Do Lobbyists Play in Congress?
15.3
Election Activities 15.3
Candidate recruitment and endorsements Getting out the vote Rating the candidates or office holders Campaign contributions
FIGURE 15.2: How Much Money Do Interest Groups Spend on Elections?
15.3
15.315.3 This type of lobbying activity has become a favorite of anti-war and animal activists:
a. Congressional lobbying
b. Executive branch lobbying
c. Lobbying the courts
d. Grassroots lobbying
e. Protests and radical activism
15.315.3 This type of lobbying activity has become a favorite of anti-war and animal activists:
a. Congressional lobbying
b. Executive branch lobbying
c. Lobbying the courts
d. Grassroots lobbying
e. Protests and radical activism
What Makes Interest Groups Successful?
15.4
Leaders Funding and Patrons Members
The fate of interest groups may rest with their leaders William Lloyd Garrison Frances Willard Marian Wright Edelman Pat Robertson
Leaders 15.4
Who are interest group leaders? 15.4
Revenue to cover costs Membership dues Direct-mail solicitations Special events Patrons
Funding and Patrons 15.4
Levels of membership Leadership Working members Dues-paying members “free-riders”
Variety of benefits AAA - roadside assistance AARP - discounts
Members 15.4
How Do Interest Groups Convince Potential Members to Become Dues-Paying Members?
15.4
15.415.4 Material benefits are offered by groups in order to:
a. Combat the free-rider problem
b. Encourage people to join
c. Encourage activity within the group
d. All of the above
15.415.4 Material benefits are offered by groups in order to:
a. Combat the free-rider problem
b. Encourage people to join
c. Encourage activity within the group
d. All of the above
Toward reform: Regulating Interest Groups and Lobbyists
15.5
Regulating Congressional Lobbyists Regulating Executive Branch Lobbyists Regulating Judicial Branch Lobbyists
Federal Regulation of Lobbying Act (1946) Required registration of lobbyists
Lobbying Disclosure Act (1995) Stricter definition of lobbying Tougher registration requirements Report clients and issues Estimate amount paid by clients
Honest Leadership and Open Government Act of 2007 Bans on gifts; longer waiting periods
Regulating Congressional Lobbyists
15.5
Executive Branch Lobbying Disclosure Act Honest Leadership and Open Government Act 1978 Ethics in Government Act
Judicial Branch Few formal regulations Amicus curiae is chief tool
Regulating Executive and Judicial Branch Lobbyists
15.5
15.515.5 Which of these lobbying regulations banned gifts and public speaking fees?
a. Federal Regulation of Lobbying Act
b. Lobbying Disclosure Act
c. Honest Leadership and Open Government Act
d. None of the above
15.515.5 Which of these lobbying regulations banned gifts and public speaking fees?
a. Federal Regulation of Lobbying Act
b. Lobbying Disclosure Act
c. Honest Leadership and Open Government Act
d. None of the above