intelligent transportation systems for parking
TRANSCRIPT
Intelligent Transportation Systems for Parking
Michigan Transportation Engineering Conference
December 2, 2015
Presented by Andrew J. Vidor
Presentation Summary
Automated parking guidance systems (APGS), are a form of ITS. APGS have varying levels of technology that can be deployed depending on the circumstance. The most basic is facility availability counts which can be displayed at entrance to a parking facility or along the roadway network. These systems are also used for on-street parking, whereas, the parking availability on any block can be viewed via an app. These systems, in the transportation industry can reduce traffic congestion, vehicle emissions and search time for a parking space. The presentation provides an overview of the varying types of automated parking guidance systems and their benefits to the transportation industry.
The Stats
135MPassenger vehicles registered in the US
>7M Registered in
Michigan & most of the time they
are parked
The Stats
~105MParking spaces
in the US
Although sometimes it’s
hard to find one!
Today’s Discussion
Types of automated parking guidance systems
How the systems work
Benefits to transportation industry
An automated parking guidance system (APGS) is an intelligent transportation system technology whereas the presence of parked vehicles is monitored in real-time. The information is then communicated to drivers through a serves of dynamic messaging signs.
Automated Parking Guidance System
Definition
Helping drivers find a place to park quicker and more conveniently.
What its used for
Driver Benefits
Less hassle parking
Less vehicle congestion Increased convenience
Reduced cruising
Drivers can choose parking in advance of arriving at facility based on availability
Quicker start to the purpose of the trip (shopping, catching a flight, preparing for a meeting)
Shorter time to park
Less stress placed on parking
Owner Benefits
More efficient use of parking facility
Better knowledge of customers
Fill more parking space
Reduced cruising
Improved customer & tenant satisfaction
Reduced emissions & fuel consumption
Less vehicle congestion
Transportation Industry Benefits
Less vehicle congestion
Reduced cruising
Reduced emissions
Reduced fuel consumption
Facility parking availability
Zone/level parking availability
Individual space parking availability
SIMPLISTIC
COMPLEX
Varying Levels of Complexity
How it works: Counting the Vehicles
Primary technologies used to count vehicles3
Loop Detectors Ultrasonic Sensors21 Magnetic Sensors3
How it works: Communicating Data
Wireless data communication typical between signs and server:
• Reduces cost compared to hard wiring• Flexible design options• Repeaters may be necessary depending on
distance to signs or line of sight
Cellular communication available for longer distances or where wireless is not available
Radio communication also available; however, not widely used
APGS software calculates parking availability then sends message to dynamic signs located in advance of driver’s decision point.
How it works: Facility Parking Availability
Same method as facility status; however, additional count points are provided to obtain more detailed parking availability by level or zone.
Parking availability by zone examples include:• ADA accessible parking spaces• Reserved parking• Visitor or employee parking
How it works: Level/Zone Parking Availability
Parking availability is displayed on a space by space basis using sensors/cameras located at each parking space.
Ultrasonic Sensor
How it works: Individual Space Parking Availability
Camera Sensor
• Less accurate (95%+)
• Integrates with parking guidance signs
• Latest technology
• “Find Your Car” – annual reoccurring fee for service
• Provide length of stay data
• Customer profiling
• Other “bells and whistles” not available yet
• More accurate (98%+)
• Integrates with parking guidance signs
• Red/green lights only
• Proven technology with many installations
Sensor Type Comparison
Ultrasonic Sensors Cameras
What Does it Cost?
Is individual space availability cost-effective?
$400 to $700+/parking stall
Low end:
System has less count point and
signs
High end:
Individual space guidance with
plenty of signage indicating
where available parking is
$
Does it Work??
YES! But…
It Does... It Does not...
• Depend upon drivers
• Seeing the sign
• Believing the message
• Following the directions
• Work best with high turn-over
facilities, complex search patterns or
when every space needs to be filled
• Requires regular maintenance and
calibration; If not calibrated,
patrons lose confidence and system
is ultimately ignored
• Correct poor wayfinding of a
poor design
Questions
Andrew J. Vidor
Walker Parking Consultants2121 Hudson AveKalamazoo, MI 49008810.265.2639