integration in the netherlands loek mak-peters and mieke van waaijenburg
TRANSCRIPT
Integrationin The Netherlands
Loek Mak-Peters and Mieke van Waaijenburg
Dienst Ambulante BegeleidingMidden Nederland
Principles:
• Proximity• Normalisation
Dienst Ambulante BegeleidingMidden Nederland
The balance:
• Mainstream education whenever possible
• Special education if and when necessary
Dienst Ambulante BegeleidingMidden Nederland
New Legislation 1998
• Primary School Act (WPO)• Secondary School Act (WVO)• Act on Centers of Expertise (WEC)
Dienst Ambulante BegeleidingMidden Nederland
Centers of Expertise
– Cluster 1: visual impairment– Cluster 2: auditory impairment, severe
language and communication problems– Cluster 3: physically handicapped
children, multicomplex problems– Cluster 4: psychiatric disorders and
severe behaviour problems
Dienst Ambulante BegeleidingMidden Nederland
The tasks of a center of expertise
• To provide education• To provide peripatetic teachers• To develop knowledge in their field of
expertise• Diagnostic services
Dienst Ambulante BegeleidingMidden Nederland
Cluster 4
• What is the basis for a “statement” in cluster 4?– A diagnosis according to DSM IV; or– Six months of therapy from a healthcare
institution;– Problems in the following areas:
– School;– Home;– Leisure time.
Dienst Ambulante BegeleidingMidden Nederland
“The Backpack-principle”
• If “statemented” a pupil in primary education, secondary education has a choice:
– Special Education or – Mainstream Education in combination with a
so-called “backpack”
Dienst Ambulante BegeleidingMidden Nederland
Peripatetic services
• To help and support schools from the perspective of the special needs pupil
Dienst Ambulante BegeleidingMidden Nederland
Mainstream schools
• Draw up an Individual Education Plan (IEP)• Parents have to agree with measures
taken and the way the money is spent• It is an agreement for one academic year• It is an agreement between parents and
the mainstream school
Dienst Ambulante BegeleidingMidden Nederland
The peripatetic teacher
• Draws up the Supportplan i.e. the agreement on what help the school wants, where, when, how often a peripatetic teachers drops in
Dienst Ambulante BegeleidingMidden Nederland
What activities e.g
• Class – room visits;• Conversations with teachers on how to
adapt learning, teaching and environment;• Teacher’s courses;• Workshops;• Procedures to obtain a statement;• Evaluative talks with teachers and parents
Dienst Ambulante BegeleidingMidden Nederland
Newer developments
• Mainstream schools combine a number of pupils with a backpack to give the extra aid in a separate class-room in their school
• Mainstream schools choose to specialize in one particular group of special needs pupils
Dienst Ambulante BegeleidingMidden Nederland
Inclusion
• Ideology, fashion, money-matteror
• An attempt to give a child a happy, friendly and stimulating environment in which it is accepted for itself and which tends to its particular needs.