Integrating Renewable Energy, Heat & Water Quality & Quantity in Sustainable Energy and Water Projects for the Circum-Arctic and Northern and Remote Regions of CanadaQUEST International Conference: Smart Energy Communities in Cold ClimatesNovember 20, 2012, Winnipeg, Canada

Magdalena A K MuirMagdalena A K MuirResearch Associate, Arctic Institute of North AmericaAssociate Professor, Aarhus School of Business &

Social Sciences & NCE NORD-STAR, Aarhus UniversityAdjunct Professor, John Hopkins University

Outline of PresentationOutline of Presentation

IntroductionIntroduction

NordenNorden ExperienceExperience

Canadian Arctic ExperienceCanadian Arctic Experience

-- ManitobaManitoba-- ManitobaManitoba

-- Northwest TerritoriesNorthwest Territories

-- Nunavut TerritoriesNunavut Territories

-- Yukon TerritoriesYukon Territories

Conclusions and RecommendationsConclusions and Recommendations

NordenNorden ExperienceExperienceEuropean policies and the regulatory European policies and the regulatory

framework for carbon, energy and framework for carbon, energy and

water are more developed andwater are more developed and

integrated than northern Canada. integrated than northern Canada.

European and European and NordenNorden framework includes:framework includes:European and European and NordenNorden framework includes:framework includes:-- Energy Roadmap 2050 Energy Roadmap 2050 --2020 Energy Strategy, 2020 Energy Strategy, --Renewable Energy Directive, Renewable Energy Directive, -- Proposed Energy Efficiency DirectiveProposed Energy Efficiency Directive-- Water Framework Directive, Water Framework Directive, -- 2009 White Paper: Adapting to Climate 2009 White Paper: Adapting to Climate ChangeChange

NuukNuuk & & QaanaaqQaanaaq (Greenland)(Greenland)

Greenland has the most similar environment Greenland has the most similar environment and populations to northern Canada, but a and populations to northern Canada, but a and populations to northern Canada, but a and populations to northern Canada, but a more sustainable approach to energy, heat more sustainable approach to energy, heat and and water use and management. water use and management.

Greenland is switching from diesel to Greenland is switching from diesel to hydroelectricity, with funding for dams hydroelectricity, with funding for dams from Nordic Investment Bank being from Nordic Investment Bank being explored in Greenland. explored in Greenland.

NuukNuuk (Greenland)(Greenland)Pilot plant uses hydroelectricity toPilot plant uses hydroelectricity to

electrolyze water into hydrogen and electrolyze water into hydrogen and

oxygen. Hydrogen is stored for conversion oxygen. Hydrogen is stored for conversion

into electricity, and oninto electricity, and on--demand heat in a demand heat in a

fuel cell. Excess heat from producing fuel cell. Excess heat from producing

hydrogen and fuel cells heats hydrogen and fuel cells heats NuukNuuk, while, whilehydrogen and fuel cells heats hydrogen and fuel cells heats NuukNuuk, while, while

electricity is used by building or enters grid. electricity is used by building or enters grid.

QaanaaqQaanaaq (Greenland)(Greenland)

QaanaaqQaanaaq in northwestin northwest

Greenland has aboveGreenland has above

ground pipelines thatground pipelines that

combine heat, watercombine heat, water

& sanitation services. & sanitation services. & sanitation services. & sanitation services.

High efficiency dieselHigh efficiency diesel

engines and district engines and district

heating ensure that heating ensure that

high energy efficiency,high energy efficiency,

with heat with heat also also beingbeing

fully fully usedused

Canadian Arctic ExperienceCanadian Arctic ExperienceEnergy use differs from southern regions. Energy use differs from southern regions.

Almost threeAlmost three--quarters of fuel consumption quarters of fuel consumption is imported hydrocarbons: fuel oil or is imported hydrocarbons: fuel oil or propane for heating, diesel for transport propane for heating, diesel for transport and electricity, natural gas used in Inuvik and electricity, natural gas used in Inuvik and Norman Wells. and Norman Wells. and Norman Wells. and Norman Wells.

Limited industrial uses, which vary with the Limited industrial uses, which vary with the opening and closing of remote opening and closing of remote hydrocarbon and mining operations.hydrocarbon and mining operations.

The high cost for imported hydrocarbons in The high cost for imported hydrocarbons in all locations encourages renewable all locations encourages renewable energy, with hydro most preferred option. energy, with hydro most preferred option.

Churchill Northern Studies Centre (Man)Churchill Northern Studies Centre (Man)The Centre illustrates the innovative integration of energy and water. There are no pipelines for gas or water service, or water service, or wastewater removal. Instead, the Centre is instead designed to as autonomous as possible for water and wastes, and to decrease carbon emissions

DiavikDiavik Diamond Mine (NWT)Diamond Mine (NWT)

DiavikDiavik built abuilt a

remote wind farmremote wind farm

with 9.2MW ofwith 9.2MW of

installed windinstalled windinstalled windinstalled wind

capacity at the costcapacity at the cost

of $30M. This is theof $30M. This is the

largest remotelargest remote

wind diesel hybridwind diesel hybrid

plant globally.plant globally.

Fort Simpson Solar Project (NWT)Fort Simpson Solar Project (NWT)

Largest solar photoLargest solar photo--

voltaic system involtaic system in

northern Canada,northern Canada,

displacing dieseldisplacing diesel

generation, andgeneration, and

reducing carbonreducing carbon

emissions. Solaremissions. Solar

array contains 258array contains 258

panels rated at 235panels rated at 235

watts for 60.6 kW.watts for 60.6 kW.

IqualuitIqualuit District Heating (NT)District Heating (NT)

MintoMinto Copper Gold MineCopper Gold Mine--YukonYukonOBJECTIVES: OBJECTIVES:

Treat mine impacted water containing Treat mine impacted water containing dissolved metals and suspended dissolved metals and suspended solids to comply with strict water solids to comply with strict water quality regulations for discharge to quality regulations for discharge to the the environment.environment.

PROJECT: 4,000 m3/day flowPROJECT: 4,000 m3/day flow

TECHNOLOGY :TECHNOLOGY :TECHNOLOGY :TECHNOLOGY :

ChemSulphideChemSulphide® Plant & conventional® Plant & conventional

water treatment technologywater treatment technology

PROCESSPROCESS

Wastewater to be TreatedWastewater to be Treated

SulphidesSulphides

FiltersFilters

PH TreatmentPH Treatment

Release to EnvironmentRelease to Environment

Conclusions & RecommendationsConclusions & Recommendations

IInteresting nteresting lessons and approaches between lessons and approaches between

Canada Canada and and NordenNorden region for communityregion for community--based based

rrenewable enewable energy uses, distributed heat, energy uses, distributed heat, water, water,

waste, waste, and publicand public--private partnerships.private partnerships.

Policy and legal framework Policy and legal framework which which encourages encourages

integrated integrated approach to sustainable energy approach to sustainable energy integrated integrated approach to sustainable energy approach to sustainable energy

development in development in Nordic region.Nordic region.

In Canada, there In Canada, there are innovative wind and are innovative wind and solarsolar

applications applications for industries and communities. for industries and communities.

For northern and remote CanadaFor northern and remote Canada, power, , power, heat, heat,

water and projects could water and projects could be assisted by be assisted by thethe

hydrocarbonhydrocarbon, mining and forestry sector. , mining and forestry sector.

ThankThank you, et je you, et je vousvous remercieremercie

Magdalena AK MuirMagdalena AK Muirmamuir@ucalgary.camamuir@ucalgary.ca

http://arctic.ucalgary.ca/research/sustainable_energy_developmenthttp://arctic.ucalgary.ca/research/sustainable_energy_development