Integrating Human Performance Improvement Concepts and Tools into

Work Planning

CH2M HILL Hanford Group, Inc.September 12-13, 2006

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Presentation Topics

• Balanced System• Worker Involvement • Developing Work Controls

Graded Approach Critical tasks Work Site Hazard Analysis JHA Checklist Safety Plans

• Lessons Learned

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Balanced System

Balance, based on the risk and complexity of the task.

Individual

Pro

cess

/Pro

cedu

reS

upervisionBalance

Each side of the triangle can impact job performance. All need to be evaluated during the job planning

process.

Procedure appropriate to the task and worker

Knowledge, skill, and ability of the worker considered when developing the

procedure controls

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Worker Involvement

• Workers are the key in identifying hazards and controls of tasks

• The workforce is being trained in use of error precursors and error likely situations

• Worker experience and training is considered in process and procedure development

• The worker knows when to stop and re-evaluate conditions and situations

• Greater worker involvement minimizes need for programmatic reviews in job planning and execution

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Critical Task

• Certain tasks are more critical than others Some actions/tasks are irrecoverable; once the action is

taken, the reverse action cannot recover

• Some steps have more chances for error • Need to consider critical tasks as part of hazards

analysis Is changing the state of the facility, system, component, or

the well-being of the individual dependent on the individual worker?

Is the outcome of the error intolerable from a personnel safety or facility perspective?

• Helps focus attention on potential consequences so appropriate defenses can be put in place

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HPI and Job Hazards Analysis

Critical taskThose tasks or group of tasks that need to be performed correctly or harm may come to the worker, environment or equipment

Error precursorsFirst time performanceSimultaneous multiple taskTime critical task

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Work Site Hazard Analysis

2 page site form: Standards set by ES&H and used by the Workers and Supervisors

Used at the BeginningDuring the Planning

And at the Jobsite

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Developing Work Controls

Safety Plan

Job HazardsAnalysis

Work Instruction

Work Steps

PrecautionsWarnings

How we IdentifyCritical Tasks &Error Precursors

How we Define defenses against Error Precursors &Critical Tasks

How we Implement the defenses

Walkdown with WSHA

How we IdentifyGeneral hazards and tasks

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Performing Work

Perform the work

Walkdown Work site

Post Job Briefing

Lessons Learned

Feedback

Verify conditions are as expected and that Instructions can be worked to as written

Perform work to instructions or as Skill based

Document the work

Pre-job Briefing

Communicate the scope , hazards, and controls

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Scope of Work/Walkdown Example

Outside area for Decontamination

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Scope of Work/Walkdown

Contamination covered by white

Tarp

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Scope of Work/Walkdown

Contamination inside the tent

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Scope of Work/Walkdown

Air Line to be depressurized

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Safety Plan & Identified

Tasks

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HPI and Job Hazards Analysis

Critical taskThose tasks or group of tasks that need to be performed correctly or harm may come to the worker, environment or equipment

Error precursorsFirst time performance

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Safety Plan&

Critical Tasks with Error Precursors

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HPI Impacts in Hazard AnalysisBefore

• 4 Major tasks• 26 Sub-tasks• 41 Hazards (most slips trips falls)

• 152 Controls (most skill-of-craft)

• No error precursors• Missed critical task

After• 4 Major tasks• 26 sub-tasks• 1 Hazard for Critical task• 6 Controls• Error precursors identified• Controls focused on critical task

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HPI Impact on Work InstructionsBefore

• 17 Precautions• 15 Prerequisites• 8 Notes• 4 Cautions• 2 Hold Points• 63 steps for skill-of-the-craft• 47 steps for unidentified “critical task” buried in extraneous information

After• 5 Precautions• 4 Prerequisites• 0 Notes• 2 Warnings (Hazard for critical task)• 2 Hold Points• 11 steps to augment skill-of-the-craft• 42 steps for “critical task”

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HPI Impact on Work and JHA Processes

Before• 8 categories of work• 3 pgs of a matrix to categorize work• 89 pages in work control• 11 attachments

After• 3 Categories of work• 3 definitions• 38 pages in work control procedure • 4 attachments

Work Control Procedure

Job Hazard Analysis ProcedureBefore

• Procedure focus on administration• Had to be on computer to use • 19 pages in on administration• No hazards discussed in procedure

After• Procedure focus on hazard mitigation• 2 page form used in the field• 6 pages on process • General hazards covered in procedure• Critical Tasks and Error Precursors

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Pre-Job Briefings

• Incorporated HPI concepts into Pre-job briefing Process

• Simplified the process

• Procedure went from 12 pages to 8

• Pre-job Checklist modified to focus on topics identified in INPO HPI tools document

• Removed redundant requirements

• Shortened the checklist to make more user friendly

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EFCOG Assist VisitJuly 2006

• Multi-site review coordinated by EFCOG Work Management Subgroup

• 1st of its kind review• Used work management CRADs• Evaluated implementation of HPI in work

management• Conclusions

Critical task application viewed as a strength Worksite hazards analysis viewed as strength Continue mentoring and managing process

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Lessons Learned

• Use of HPI concepts resulted in improved work planning

• Error precursors and proactive event prevention concepts were successfully applied to work planning

• Improved focus on hazards with consequences • Removed skill-of-the craft controls reduced level

of package detail • Critical hazard controls more clearly evident

From static to dynamic Hazards Analysis

• Worker attention focused on hazard controls