integrating accessibility in the organization's web development lifecycle

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Brought to you by Administrative Track – AccessU 2012 Integrating accessibility in the organization's Web Development Life Cycle John Sla)n AccessU 2012 Denis Boudreau, AccessibilitéWeb Aus8n – May 15 th , 2012

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Web accessibility standards introduce inclusion concerns for people with disabilities that disrupt traditional patterns within organizations. These standards challenge development practices that are often considered to be tried and true. Introducing these guidelines to a web development team leads to changes in practices that may jeopardize a project's profitability. While accessibility principles are generally not difficult to implement, the amount of details to consider while doing so is significant and therefore, the risks of falling into certain traps abound. Based on a theoretical workflow model anyone can relate to, this training session will explain how Web accessibility, unlike other Web-related practices, is characterized by the fact that it influences every aspect of the web development lifecycle. This means that accessibility is not just another specialist the project manager needs to squeeze in the traditional process. Rather, web accessibility requires every member of the team to understand the requirements that may affect the work they do in order to ensure that proper decisions are being made at the best possible time in the project. The training session will conclude with a distribution of WCAG 2.0's success criteria, based on the responsibilities each individual holds within the development team. Sharing these requirements between team members will ensure the success of the accessibility goals in all phases of production.

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Page 1: Integrating accessibility in the organization's web development lifecycle

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Administrative Track – AccessU 2012

Integrating accessibility in the organization's Web Development Life Cycle

John  Sla)n  AccessU  2012  Denis  Boudreau,  AccessibilitéWeb  Aus8n  –  May  15th,  2012  

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 BY  -­‐  AAribu8on   NC  -­‐  NonCommercial   SA  -­‐  ShareAlike  2.5  Canada  

2012. Some Rights Reserved.

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Trainer

Denis  Boudreau     Over  11  years  in  Web  Accessibility  

   President,  AccessibilitéWeb    

   Co-­‐editor,  SGQRI  008  standards     Invited  Expert,  W3C    

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Summary General overview

1.  Planning  accessibility?!  2.  Organiza8onal  change  3.  Role-­‐based  accessibility  4.  a11y  in  the  produc8on  lifecycle  

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/  5  Planning accessibility?!

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Planning accessibility?! An increasingly important issue

Obviously,  it’s  all  about  the  people!  

• Catering  for  various  user  needs  • Technologies  have  us  cornered  • Avoiding  them  becomes  increasingly  harder  

• Towards  a  more  inclusive  society  

But  we  can  skip  this,  right?  

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Planning accessibility?! An increasingly important issue

In  Web  business  today    

• Mandatory  requirements  (govt,  legal...)  

• What’s  going  on  in:    

• Canada  -­‐  federal,  provincial,  CRTC...  • USA  -­‐  sec8on504,  Sec8on508,  ADA...  • The  rest  of  the  world?  

• Not  quite  there  yet!  

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Planning accessibility?! An increasingly important issue

Within  organiza)ons  as  well...  

• Same  mandatory  requirements  (govt,  legal...)  

• Providing  usable  online  services  • Being  the  best  corporate  ci8zens  organiza8ons  can  be  

• Avoiding  becoming  the  next  TARGET  (literally!)  

• S8ll,  not  quite  there  yet!  

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Planning accessibility?! How do we go about doing this?

Who’s  responsible  for  a11y  in  a  project?  

• Most  will  think  it's  a  technological  challenge  

• Fewer  think  it's  a  communica8on  concern  • All  are  both  right  AND  wrong  

Ul)mately,  who  answers  for  a11y  in  the  organiza)on?  

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Planning accessibility?! Not just an extra requirement to be added

a11y  is  (should  be)  everyone’s  concern  

• Everyone,  whether  it’s  IT  or  COM,  has  a  role  to  play  

• Exis8ng  stakeholders  need  to  play  their  part  • Assigning  responsibility  to  various  people  • Sharing  the  tasks  to  produce  accessible  results  

• Needs  to  be  integrated  in  the  exis8ng  workflow  • Can’t  be  seen  as  just  another  exper8se  to  bring  in  

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Planning accessibility?! Avoiding the common accessibility pitfalls

Some  piOalls  worth  avoiding  

•  Ignore  the  tranversal  aspect  of  accessibility  • View  accessibility  as  a  final  quality  control  step  • Rely  on  a  champion  instead  of  team  efforts  • Care  about  the  checklist  and  nothing  else  • Expec8ng  automated  tools  to  do  the  work  • Underes8mate  the  technological  plakorm  impacts  

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Planning accessibility?! The accessibility expert to the rescue!

a11y:  what  organiza)ons  usually  do  

• Consider  the  accessibility  requirements  

• Develop  the  project  (and  hope  for  the  best)  • Make  sacrifices  and  concessions  all  along  • Call  for  an  audit  at  the  very  end  of  the  project  • Ask  for  confirma8on  on  the  efforts  that  were  made  • Cross  their  fingers  (and  again,  hope  for  the  best)  

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Planning accessibility?! The accessibility expert to the rescue!

a11y:  what  organiza)ons  usually  get  

• A  100+  page  report  on  the  project’s  conformance  level  

• Countless  recommenda8ons  for  a11y  remedia8on  

• A  biAer  feeling  of  general  failure  despite  all  efforts  • Frustra8on,  anger  -­‐  possibly  harsh  consequences  too  •  If  lucky,  a  few  empathe8c  good  words  (no  extra  charge)  

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Planning accessibility?! What it all comes down to

Accessibility  doesn’t  just  happen  

•  It  needs  to  be  planned  from  the  start  to  happen  

• There’s  only  so  much  you  can  achieve  “by  accident”  

• Seman8c  HTML  +  CSS  can  only  get  you  so  far  • But  what  about:  • Keyboard  naviga8on,  user  tes8ng,  color  choices?  • The  underlying  technology  the  project  is  based  on?  

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Planning accessibility?! The Quebec government 2006 audit

Establishing  metrics  

• Prior  to  deciding  the  government  needed  a  standard  

• Asked  to  measure  the  conformance  level  of  20  sites  

• Results  showed  accessibility  features  naturally  caps  • Easy  wins:  seman8c  structure,  valid  html,  css  layout  

• Harder  gains:  screen  reader  support,  keyboard  nav  • a11y  compliance  is  something  one  needs  to  work  for  

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Planning accessibility?! What it all comes down to

Accessibility  work  usually  means...  

• Being  asked  to  work  on  contents:  • That  were  never  really  meant  to  be  accessible  

• That  were  never  planned  appropriately  • That  were  always  looked  at  from  a  single  perspec8ve  

• That  were  based  on  flawed  technologies  from  day  1  

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Page 17: Integrating accessibility in the organization's web development lifecycle

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Planning accessibility?! What it all comes down to

Accessibility  work  usually  means...  

• Being  asked  to  work  against:  • Organiza8on  status  quo  • Stakeholders  on  the  defensive  (and  righkully  so)  •  Impossible  or  immutable  deadlines  

• With  limited  or  non  existent  budgets  

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Planning accessibility?! What it all comes down to

And  we  really  wonder  why  there  are  so  FEW  good  examples  of  aTrac)ve,  accessible  websites?  

Can  we  even  name  five  “serious”  websites  today?  

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Planning accessibility?! Changing all that around

Good  news  is,  this  can  all  change  today!  

• So  what  needs  to  be  done  to:  • Reach  standards  compliancy?  

•  Improve  user  access  to  content?  • Overcome  this  challenge  on  a  budget?  

• Tackle  accessibility  once  and  for  all?  • Come  out  of  this  one  piece?  

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Planning accessibility?! A governance issue, first and foremost

a11y  is  NOT  a  technical  issue  (that’s  easy)  

• Accessibility  is  primarily  a  governance  issue  

• The  organiza8on  needs  to:  • Realize  that  a11y  only  reveals  deeper,  broader  issues  •  Iden8fy,  prevent  and  avoid  the  common  pikalls  

• Embrace  inclusion  has  a  corporate  value  • Provide  its  resources  with  the  necessary  means  

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Planning accessibility?! A governance issue, first and foremost

Yes,  this  will  mean  money.  Maybe  even  lots  of  it.  

Sorry  if  I’m  burs)ng  bubbles.  

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Planning accessibility?! A governance issue, first and foremost

Real  life  experiences  

• A  recent  accessibility  project  in  the  banking  world  • How  we  went  from:  

• “WCAG  2.0  AA”  to  “DBM  1.0”  (doing  bare  minimum)  • Everybody  was  super  mo8vated  and  willing!  

• Middle  management  were  really  suppor8ve!  • Most  people  were  even  thrilled!  

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Page 23: Integrating accessibility in the organization's web development lifecycle

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Planning accessibility?! A governance issue, first and foremost

Can  anybody  guess  what  happened?  

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Page 24: Integrating accessibility in the organization's web development lifecycle

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Planning accessibility?! A governance issue, first and foremost

Life  happened.  From  WCAG  2.0  to  “DBM  1.0”  

• A  combina8on  of  factors:  • Tight,  hard,  immutable  deadlines  • Misunderstanding  from  upper  management  • Lower  than  expected  legal  requirements  • Unexpected  impacts  on  the  budget  • Lack  of  communica8on  between  team  leaders  • False  impression  that  “this  accessibility  stuff  is  easy”  • Accessibility  audit  results  showing  otherwise...  

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Planning accessibility?! A catalyst for change

Web  accessibility  as  a  catalyst  for  change  

• Takes  more  than  just  goodwill  to  make  it  happen  

• Upper  management  has  a  huge  role  to  play  

• Changes  need  to  be  made  for  a11y  to  be  successful  • People  need  to  accept  and  embrace  these  changes    

• Accessibility  as  a  springboard  for  a  larger  cultural  shis  • This  means  “figh8ng”  a  natural  resistance  to  change  

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/  26  Organizational change

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Organizational change Organizational change 101

Accessibility  calls  for  profound  habit  changes  

• Organiza8ons  aren’t  used  to  consider  the  extra  costs  • Training,  longer  delays,  addi8onal  QA  tes8ng...  

• People  aren’t  used  to  having  their  skills  challenged  • Loss  of  control,  frustra8on,  anxiety,  self-­‐confidence...  

• Unbalancing  the  ecosystem  inevitably  brings  resistance  

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Page 28: Integrating accessibility in the organization's web development lifecycle

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Organizational change Organizational change 101

The  five  stages  of  accessibility  

• Denial  • Anger  • Bargaining  • Depression  • Acceptance  

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Page 29: Integrating accessibility in the organization's web development lifecycle

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Organizational change Organizational change 101

The  process  of  aligning  how  people  work  and  behave  to  fit  specific  changes  in  business  strategy,  organiza8onal  structure  or  systems.    

Helps  organiza8ons  successfully  transi8on  from  a  current  state  to  a  new,  desired  state.  

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Current  State  (as  is)  

New  State  (to  be)  

Transi8on  

Increasing  comfort,    control  &  confidence  

Page 30: Integrating accessibility in the organization's web development lifecycle

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Organizational change Organizational change 101

This  is  why  accessibility  calls    for  profound  change  management    and  cultural  shi_s  in  organiza)ons    

for  things  to  run  smoothly.  

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Page 31: Integrating accessibility in the organization's web development lifecycle

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Organizational change Organizational change 101

How  most  people  resist  change  

• Confronta)on  -­‐  direct  inadmissibility  of  the  change  

• Rejec)on  -­‐  fear  of  losing,  anxiety  towards  change  • Avoidance  -­‐  lack  of  mo8va8on  towards  change  • Faking  -­‐  seemingly  adop8ng  without  implemen8ng  

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Organizational change Organizational change 101

Most  people  will  naturally  resist  change  

• Four  typical  answers  to  change  include:  • The  cri)c  -­‐  who  opposes  the  change  • The  vic)m  -­‐  who  panics  in  front  of  the  change  • The  bystander  -­‐  who  ignores  the  change  • The  navigator  -­‐  who  is  empowered  by  the  change  

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Organizational change Organizational change 101

Helping  people  become  navigators  is  the  key  

• Things  we  know  will  help:  • Communicate  the  threat  of  not  changing  •  Involve  team  in  decision  making  (where  possible)  • Minimize  uncertainty  as  much  as  possible  • Celebrate  successes  in  moving  towards  the  goal  • Keep  explaining  why  the  organiza8on  is  changing  • Be  as  transparent  as  possible  in  applying  the  changes  

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Page 34: Integrating accessibility in the organization's web development lifecycle

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Organizational change Organizational change 101

For  people  to  willingly  go  on  with  the  change,  they  must  understand    what’s  in  it  for  them.  

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Organizational change Organizational change 101

Helping  people  view  change  as  an  opportunity  

•  Involve  the  team  early  on  in  the  process  • Create  opportuni8es  for  people  to  rise  up  • Communicate  constantly  on  milestones  • Plan  properly  from  the  very  start  • Don’t  ever  let  up  -­‐  always  keep  the  pace  

Organiza)ons  who  fail  to  do  this  make  change  become  a  burden.  

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Organizational change Organizational change portfolio

Handling  the  4  streams  

• Communica8on  stream  

• Learning  stream  

• Organiza8on  stream  • Performance  stream  

Credit:  Luc  Galoppin,  2008  

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Organizational change Organizational change portfolio

Communica)on  stream  

•  Not  change  progaganda  • Manage  expecta8ons  and  support  change  during  its  complete  lifecycle  •  Stay  in  touch  with  the  team  •  Answer  very  simple  ques8ons:  “who  are  we?”  (iden8ty)  and  “what  are  we  here  for?”  (what’s      in  it  for  me)  

Credit:  Luc  Galoppin,  2008  

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Organizational change Organizational change portfolio

Learning  stream  

•  Upgrade  the  knowledge  and      skillsets  of  the  organiza8on      in  terms  of  context  (why),      content  (what),  ac8ons  (how)  •  Address  three  basic  ques8ons:      mo8va8on,  knowledge,  skills  •  Go  beyond  the  classroom  and      aim  for  learning  rather  than  just      training  

Credit:  Luc  Galoppin,  2008  

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Organizational change Organizational change portfolio

Organiza)on  stream  

•  Define  and  implement  a      new  organiza8on  structure  that      reflects  the  changes  at  hand  •  Define  and  establish  new      work  responsilibi8es  in  order  to      make  the  change  happen  •  Provide  concrete  support      from  the  organiza8on  (winning      condi8ons)  

Credit:  Luc  Galoppin,  2008  

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Page 40: Integrating accessibility in the organization's web development lifecycle

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Organizational change Organizational change portfolio

Performance  stream  

•  Translate  the  principles  of      the  business  case  (accessibility)      into  concrete  new  ways  of      working  within  the  team  •  Include  detailed  work      instruc8ons  for  expected      changes  •  Establish  meaningful  and    measurable  goals  

Credit:  Luc  Galoppin,  2008  

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/  41  a11y in the production lifecycle

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Web development lifecycle Moving forward with accessibility

Planning  accessibility  in  the  lifecycle  

• Spreading  requirements  over  the  whole  team  

• Prevent  clueless  errors  and  expensive  omissions  

• Provide  clear,  defined  paAerns  and  strategies  • a11y  should  be  about  teamwork  and  workflow  

• Collec8ve  ownership  of  a11y  requirements  • Dropping  the  silos  and  really  working  together  

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Web development lifecycle What this comes down to

Efficiently  integra)ng  accessibility    within  the  development  lifecycle    is  all  about  being  able  to  plan    

the  right  interven)on,  at  the  right  )me,    by  the  right  people.  

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Web development lifecycle Spreading responsibilities evenly

Making  the  accessibility  goal  a  team  effort  

•  Involvement  of  the  whole  team  • Turning  this  into  a  posi8ve  pursuit  of  quality  • Breaking  down  the  requirements  into  exis8ng  roles  • Working  with  the  forces  available  • Never  trying  to  reinvent  the  wheel  • Benefiung  from  the  already  available  exper8se  • The  best  resources  for  the  job  are  already  out  there  

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Web development lifecycle A lot cheaper to get it right the first time!

To  prevent,  rather  than  to  cure  

• Planning  a11y  properly  brings:  • More  efficient  use  of  everyone's  8me  • Significant  reduc8ons  in  terms  of  costs  • Significant  benefits  in  produc8on  • Significant  gains  in  customer  and  internal  rela8ons  

•  Integra8ng  a11y  as  part  of  the  organiza8on's  culture  • So  exper8se  remains  when  resources  leave  

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/  46  Role-based accessibility

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Role-based accessibility A generic model - overview

Typical  web  development  lifecycle  

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AN   AR   ID   GD   CS   SE   PR   FE   BE   QA  

Project  Management  

AN  -­‐  Analysis  AR  -­‐  Architecture  ID  -­‐  Interac8on  design  GD  -­‐  Graphics  design  CS  -­‐  Content  strategy  SE  -­‐  Search  engine  op8miza8on  

PR  -­‐  HTML/CSS  prototyping  FE  -­‐  Front  end  development  BE  -­‐  Back  end  development  QA  -­‐  Quality  control  MA  -­‐  Maintenance  

MA  

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Role-based accessibility Putting it all together

A  few  ques)ons  to  ask  ourselves  

• How  do  various  stakeholders  relate  to  accessibility?  • Who  “owns”  a  specific  accessibility  requirement?  

• How  can  accessibility  requirements  be  shared?  • How  can  I  adapt  a  generic  model  to  my  organiza8on?  

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Role-based accessibility A generic model - overview

a11y  and  the  analysis  phase  

Covers  tasks  and  related  quality  control  normally  associated  with  analysis  of  the  project’s  strategic  orienta8ons,  analysis  of  the  op8ons  for  technology  plakorms,  or  func8onal  analysis  of  Web  interfaces.  

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AN   AR   ID   GD   CS   SE   PR   FE   BE   QA  

Project  Management  MA  

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a11y  and  the  analysis  phase  

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Principles   Applicable  Success  Criteria  

Level  A   Level  AA   Level  AAA  

Perceivable   -­‐-­‐   -­‐-­‐   -­‐-­‐  

Operable   -­‐-­‐   -­‐-­‐   2.2.3,  2.2.4,  2.2.5  

Understanding   3.2.1,  3.3.1   3.3.3,  3.3.4   3.3.5,  3.3.6  

Robust   -­‐-­‐   -­‐-­‐   -­‐-­‐  

Total  (9)   2   2   5  

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Role-based accessibility A generic model - overview

a11y  and  the  architecture  phase  

Covers  tasks  and  related  quality  control  normally  associated  with  the  architecture  of  the  informa8on  (web  content)  and  the  architecture  of  the  data.  

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AN   AR   ID   GD   CS   SE   PR   FE   BE   QA  

Project  Management  MA  

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a11y  and  the  architecture  phase  

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Principles   Applicable  Success  Criteria  

Level  A   Level  AA   Level  AAA  

Perceivable   1.3.1   -­‐-­‐   -­‐-­‐  

Operable   2.4.2   2.4.5,  2.4.6   2.4.8,  2.4.10  

Understanding   -­‐-­‐   3.1.2   3.1.3,  3.1.4  

Robust   -­‐-­‐   -­‐-­‐   -­‐-­‐  

Total  (9)   2   3   4  

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Role-based accessibility A generic model - overview

a11y  and  the  interac)on  design  phase  

Covers  tasks  and  related  quality  control  normally  associated  with  the  planning  of  web  interfaces,  content  changes,  interac8vity  and  other  interface-­‐related  contents  of  the  pages.  

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AN   AR   ID   GD   CS   SE   PR   FE   BE   QA  

Project  Management  MA  

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a11y  and  the  interac)on  design  phase  

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Principles   Applicable  Success  Criteria  

Level  A   Level  AA   Level  AAA  

Perceivable   1.3.1,  1.3.3,  1.4.1,  1.4.2   1.4.4   1.4.7,  1.4.8  

Operable   2.1.1,  2.1.2,  2.2.1,  2.2.2,  2.3.1,  2.4.4  

2.4.5,  2.4.6   2.1.3,  2.2.3,  2.2.4,  2.2.5,  2.3.2,  2.4.8,  2.4.9  

Understanding   3.2.1,  3.2.2,  3.3.1,  3.3.2   3.2.3,  3.2.4,  3.3.3,  3.3.4   3.1.3,  3.1.5,  3.2.5,  3.3.5,  3.3.6  

Robust   4.1.2   -­‐-­‐   -­‐-­‐  

Total  (36)   15   7   14  

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Role-based accessibility A generic model - overview

a11y  and  the  graphics  design  phase  

Covers  tasks  and  related  quality  control  normally  associated  with  the  graphic  design  of  interfaces,  the  related  graphic  declina8ons,  the  specific  design  of  naviga8on  elements,  context  changes  and  other  general  design  of  the  main  content  of  the  pages.  

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AN   AR   ID   GD   CS   SE   PR   FE   BE   QA  

Project  Management  MA  

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Role-based accessibility A generic model - overview

a11y  and  the  graphics  design  phase  

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Principles   Applicable  Success  Criteria  

Level  A   Level  AA   Level  AAA  

Perceivable   1.3.1,  1.3.3,  1.4.1,  1.4.2   1.4.3,  1.4.4,  1.4.5   1.4.6,  1.4.7,  1.4.8,  1.4.9  

Operable   2.1.1,  2.1.2,  2.2.2,  2.3.1,  2.4.1  

2.4.5,  2.4.6,  2.4.7   2.2.3,  2.2.4,  2.3.2,  2.4.8  

Understanding   3.2.1,  3.3.1,  3.3.2   3.2.3,  3.2.4,  3.3.3   3.2.5,  3.3.5,  3.3.6  

Robust   -­‐-­‐   -­‐-­‐   -­‐-­‐  

Total  (32)   12   9   11  

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Role-based accessibility A generic model - overview

a11y  and  the  content  strategy  phase  

Covers  tasks  and  related  quality  control  normally  associated  with  producing  the  site’s  textual  contents,  equivalent  alterna8ve  for  non-­‐text  content  and  other  general  text  elements  presented  in  the  pages.  

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AN   AR   ID   GD   CS   SE   PR   FE   BE   QA  

Project  Management  MA  

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Role-based accessibility A generic model - overview

a11y  and  the  content  strategy  phase  

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Principles   Applicable  Success  Criteria  

Level  A   Level  AA   Level  AAA  

Perceivable   1.1.1,  1.2.1,  1.2.2,  1.2.3,  1.3.1,  1.3.3  

1.2.5   1.2.7,  1.2.8  

Operable   2.1.1,  2.1.2,  2.4.2,  2.4.4   2.4.6   2.4.9  

Understanding   3.3.1   3.1.2   3.1.3,  3.1.4,  3.1.5,  3.1.6  

Robust   -­‐-­‐   -­‐-­‐   -­‐-­‐  

Total  (21)   11   3   7  

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Role-based accessibility A generic model - overview

a11y  and  the  search  engine  op)miza)on  phase  

Covers  tasks  and  related  quality  control  normally  associated  with  providing  text  equivalents  for  non-­‐text  contents  and  making  contents  on  a  web  page  more  easily  indexable  by  search  engines.  

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AN   AR   ID   GD   CS   SE   PR   FE   BE   QA  

Project  Management  MA  

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Role-based accessibility A generic model - overview

a11y  and  the  search  engine  op)miza)on  phase  

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Principles   Applicable  Success  Criteria  

Level  A   Level  AA   Level  AAA  

Perceivable   1.1.1,  1.2.1,  1.2.2,  1.2.3,  1.3.1  

1.2.4,  1.2.5,  1.4.5   1.2.6,  1.2.7,  1.2.8,  1.2.9  

Operable   2.1.1,  2.1.2,  2.2.1,  2.2.2,  2.4.1,  2.4.2,  2.4.3,  2.4.4  

2.4.5,  2.4.6,  2.4.7   2.1.3,  2.2.3,  2.4.8,  2.4.9,  2.4.10  

Understanding   -­‐-­‐   -­‐-­‐   -­‐-­‐  

Robust   -­‐-­‐   -­‐-­‐   -­‐-­‐  

Total  (28)   14   6   9  

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Role-based accessibility A generic model - overview

a11y  and  the  HTML/CSS  prototyping  phase  

Covers  tasks  and  related  quality  control  normally  associated  with  the  produc8on  of  all  web  site  master  templates  (HTML  and  CSS).  

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AN   AR   ID   GD   CS   SE   PR   FE   BE   QA  

Project  Management  MA  

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Role-based accessibility A generic model - overview

a11y  and  the  HTML/CSS  prototyping  phase  

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Principles   Applicable  Success  Criteria  

Level  A   Level  AA   Level  AAA  

Perceivable   1.1.1,  1.3.1,  1.3.2   1.4.3,  1.4.4,  1.4.5   1.4.6  

Operable   2.1.1,  2.1.2,  2.4.1,  2.4.2,  2.4.3  

2.4.5,  2.4.6,  2.4.7   2.1.3,  2.4.8,  2.4.10  

Understanding   3.1.1,  3.3.2   3.2.4   3.1.3,  3.2.5  

Robust   4.1.1,  4.1.2   -­‐-­‐   -­‐-­‐  

Total  (25)   12   7   6  

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Role-based accessibility A generic model - overview

a11y  and  the  front  end  development  phase  

Covers  tasks  and  related  quality  control  normally  associated  with  the  development  of  contribu8on  tools,  HTML  and  CSS  integra8on,  and  the  programming  of  proposed  scripts  and  applica8ons  on  the  web  site.  

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AN   AR   ID   GD   CS   SE   PR   FE   BE   QA  

Project  Management  MA  

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Role-based accessibility A generic model - overview

a11y  and  the  front  end  development  phase  

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Principles   Applicable  Success  Criteria  

Level  A   Level  AA   Level  AAA  

Perceivable   1.1.1,  1.2.1,  1.2.2,  1.2.3,  1.3.1,  1.3.2,  1.3.3,  1.4.1,  1.4.2  

1.2.4,  1.2.5,  1.4.3,  1.4.4,  1.4.5   1.2.6,  1.2.7,  1.2.8,  1.2.9,  1.4.6,  1.4.7,  1.4.8,  1.4.9  

Operable   2.1.1,  2.1.2,  2.2.1,  2.2.2,  2.3.1,  2.4.1,  2.4.2,  2.4.3,  2.4.4  

2.4.5,  2.4.6,  2.4.7   2.1.3,  2.2.3,  2.2.4,  2.2.5,  2.3.2,  2.4.8,  2.4.9,  2.4.10  

Understanding   3.1.1,  3.2.1,  3.2.2,  3.3.1,  3.3.2   3.1.2,  3.2.3,  3.2.4,  3.3.3,  3.3.4   3.1.3,  3.1.4,  3.1.6,  3.2.5,  3.3.5,  3.3.6  

Robust   4.1.1,  4.1.2   -­‐-­‐   -­‐-­‐  

Total  (60)   25   13   22  

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Role-based accessibility A generic model - overview

a11y  and  the  back  end  development  phase  

Covers  tasks  and  related  quality  control  normally  associated  with  the  development  of  server  side  programing  and  database  management.  

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AN   AR   ID   GD   CS   SE   PR   FE   BE   QA  

Project  Management  MA  

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Role-based accessibility A generic model - overview

a11y  and  the  back  end  development  phase  

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Principles   Applicable  Success  Criteria  

Level  A   Level  AA   Level  AAA  

Perceivable   1.1.1,  1.3.1,  1.3.2   -­‐-­‐   -­‐-­‐  

Operable   2.1.1,  2.1.2,  2.2.1,  2.2.2,  2.4.3,  2.4.4  

2.4.5,  2.4.6,  2.4.7   2.1.3,  2.2.3,  2.2.4,  2.2.5,  2.4.9,  2.4.10  

Understanding   3.2.1,  3.2.2,  3.3.1,  3.3.2   3.1.2,  3.2.4,  3.3.3,  3.3.4   3.1.3,  3.1.4,  3.2.5,  3.3.6  

Robust   4.1.1,  4.1.2   -­‐-­‐   -­‐-­‐  

Total  (32)   15   7   10  

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Role-based accessibility A generic model - overview

a11y  and  the  quality  control  phase  

Covers  tasks  normally  associated  with  general  valida8ons  at  the  very  end  of  the  project,  before  launching.  

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AN   AR   ID   GD   CS   SE   PR   FE   BE   QA  

Project  Management  MA  

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Role-based accessibility A generic model - overview

a11y  and  the  quality  control  phase  

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Principles   Applicable  Success  Criteria  

Level  A   Level  AA   Level  AAA  

Perceivable   1.1.1,  1.2.1,  1.2.2,  1.2.3,  1.3.1,  1.3.2,  1.3.3,  1.4.1,  1.4.2  

1.2.4,  1.2.5,  1.4.3,  1.4.4,  1.4.5   1.2.6,  1.2.7,  1.2.8,  1.2.9,  1.4.6,  1.4.7,  1.4.8,  1.4.9  

Operable   2.1.1,  2.1.2,  2.2.1,  2.2.2,  2.3.1,  2.4.1,  2.4.2,  2.4.3,  2.4.4  

2.4.5,  2.4.6,  2.4.7   2.1.3,  2.2.3,  2.2.4,  2.2.5,  2.3.2,  2.4.8,  2.4.9,  2.4.10  

Understanding   3.1.1,  3.2.1,  3.2.2,  3.3.1,  3.3.2   3.1.2,  3.2.3,  3.2.4,  3.3.3,  3.3.4   3.1.3,  3.1.4,  3.1.5,  3.1.6,  3.2.5,  3.3.5,  3.3.6  

Robust   4.1.1,  4.1.2   -­‐-­‐   -­‐-­‐  

Total  (61)   25   13   23  

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Role-based accessibility A generic model - overview

a11y  and  the  project  management  phase  

Integra8ng  the  concept  of  transversality,  planning  accessibility  at  each  step,  alloca8ng  responsibili8es,  ensuring  the  criteria  are  met  at  every  milestone,  understanding  the  difference  between  accessible  and  conforming  content,  being  aware  of  the  tools’  limita8ons  and  working  around  them,  assessing  the  impact  of  technology  plakorms  on  the  overall  project.  

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AN   AR   ID   GD   CS   SE   PR   FE   BE   QA  

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Role-based accessibility A generic model - overview

a11y  and  the  maintenance  phase  

Making  sure  that  all  relevant  knowledge  transfer  from  the  produc8on  team  is  passed  on  to  the  maintenance  team,  so  the  accessibility  efforts  put  into  the  project  dont  start  degrading  the  minute  content  is  being  updated  on  the  website.  Adap8ng  the  workflow  to  the  reality  of  the  maintenance  team,  based  on  the  roles  defined  previously.  

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WAI-Engage Wiki Accessibility Responsibility Breakdown

Role-­‐based  accessibility  

• Looking  at  WCAG  2.0  SC  by  roles  

• Get  involved  in  the  community:          comment,  contribute,  use  

• Make  this  your  own  and  bring  it      into  your  organiza8on!  

• hAp://is.gd/5CoJd4  

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Summing it up Integrate a11y at every step of the process

Get  subject  maTer  experts  in  your  lifecycle  to  integrate  a11y  in  their  work  so  the  right  ques)ons  are  being  asked  at  the  right  )me  by  the  right  people.  

•  Planning  a11y  from  the  very  early  stages  •  Planning  sufficient  and  consistent  support  •  Itera8ves  rounds  of  a11y  valida8on  to  remain  on  target  •  From  ini8al  wireframes  to  final  html  templates  •  Recommenda8ons  to  guide  the  remedia8on  process  

•  Ensure  autonomy  through  knowledge  transfer  

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Thank You!

Denis  Boudreau,  President  

Coopéra)ve  AccessibilitéWeb  1751  Richardson  street,  suite  6111  

Montreal  (Quebec),  Canada  H3K  1G6  

Toll  Free:  +1  (877)  315-­‐5550  Email:  [email protected]  

Web:  www.accessibiliteweb.com  

TwiAer  :  @AccessibiliteWb  /  @dboudreau  

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