integrated multi- functional observing networks for surface transportation (and many other sectors)...

Integrated Multi-Functional Observing Networks for Surface Transportation (and many other sectors)

Walter DabberdtVaisala

Boulder, CO

3rd National Surface Transportation Weather Symposium

July 25-27, 2007

Vienna, VA

©Vaisala | 26 July 2007 | WDabberdt | WIST-2007 |

Potential Participants and Partners

• NWS

• FAA

• FHWA

• FRA

• DHS

• DoD

• City emergency managers

• Flood control districts

• Air quality management districts

• Private companies– Weather measurement companies– Telecommunications companies– Tower owners– Others

• Academia


User Sectors:

• Surface Transportation:– Road masters; freight companies – Rail traffic controllers– Airport and airline operators; FAA– Harbor masters, pilots and ship’s officers; USCG

– Ports, inland and coastal

• Others (first and second tier):– National Weather Service– Private weather services– Emergency managers– Electric utilities and transmission companies– Insurance– Agriculture– Air quality– Construction– Traders and brokers– Media– General public


Critical Atmospheric Phenomena

• Winter storms

• Nor’ easters

• Snow- and ice storms

• Hurricanes

• Air pollution

• Fog, low clouds and other visibility-reducing phenomena

• Thunderstorms, including MCS’s• Lightning• Flash floods• Hail• Straight-line winds• Tornadoes

• Windstorms (w/o precipitation)

• Aviation hazards• In-cloud icing• Downbursts• Turbulence

• Heat and cold extreme events


General applications

• Detection/Analysis of current state of the near-Earthatmospheric state

• Nowcasting/very short-range forecasting (0+ to ~2 hrs)

• Short-range mesoscale prediction (~3 to 48 hrs)

0 4

obse

rvat

ions

now

cast

ing

- cu

r re n

t ca

pab

ilit

y

Rel

ativ

e F

orec

ast

Acc

urac

y

mesosca

le

foreca

sting

Nominal Time -- hours

blending region


General applications

• Analysis/description of current state of the earth-atmosphere regime

• Nowcasting/very short-range forecasting (0+ to ~2 hrs)

• Short-range mesoscale prediction (~3 to 48 hrs)

Site of interest time

are

a

analysis

mesoscale prediction

nowcasting

Schematic

illustrationSchematic

illustration


Candidate Measurement Systems

• Weather radar: reflectivity; velocity, polarization; refractivity

• Wind profilers: radar, sodar; lidar; aircraft

• Thermodynamic soundings: RAOBS, aircraft; lidar

• Lightning detection: CG; total• Radiometers: microwave -- scanning;

• GPS receivers: precipitable water vapor -- column integrated; maybe slant path and 3D

• Surface mesonets: PTU; V; LW, SW, net radiation; energy & momentum fluxes

• Satellites: Geo-; POES; LEO

• Pavement condition: sfc temperature;

sfc state


Commonality ....

Wx R

adar

Doppler Lidar

Radar WP

Lightning

Satellite

Visibil

ity

Wind

Temp.

Precip

.

Sfc. S

tate

RAOB

ship - harbors & coastalair - te

rminal opsrailroadshighways

6

5 5

3 3

10

6

1010 10

53

5 5

33

10

6

10

6

10

5

10

8 8

1010 10

8

1010

10

5

10

55

55

10

4

33

1

5

0

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

IMP

AC

T F

AC

TO

R

OBSERVING SYSTEM

MO

DE

Commonality of Surface Transport Weather-Observation Needs (general -- includes current state, nowcasting & short-range forecasting)

ship - harbors &coastalair - terminalopsrailroads

highways


Benefits and Challenges of MF-MP Networks

• Benefits of MF Networks:– Share risks – technical and financial– Minimize investments per partner– Profit (private sector)– Cost reduction (public sector)– Research opportunities (all sectors)

• Challenges, Obstacles and Impediments:– Competition– IP rights– Data rights– Partner selection– Partner performance– Public-private barriers– “Curse of dimensionality” – managing multiple partners


Observing Challenges (physical)

• Network design– Phenomenologically driven: local circulations; processes

– Needs driven: Base (or common) network vs. all-inclusive network

– How to optimize? Is it possible?

• Scientific/measurement challenges– PBL structure

– MH

– O3 and PM

– Water vapor

– QPE


3D Mesoscale Networks

Research• EPiCC -- Canada

• Urban micronet – P. Klein (U.Oklahoma)

• Helsinki Testbed

• DHS – Manhattan and WDC

Planning Studies

• NRC BASC MF Mesoscale Observations Panel (ongoing)

• OFCM Urban Network Study (ongoing)

• AMS Wx & Climate Enterprise Commission Annual Partnership Topic (ongoing)

New and Emerging 3D Networks• Japan

• Beijing: 2008 Olympics and beyond

• Shanghai MHEWS

Note: existing 2D ‘mesonets’ are not included


Flooding

Food safety

Heat-health

Road maintenance & safety

Chemical dispersion

Air quality

Smoke

Storm surge

Energy

Multi-HazardEWS

Weather and Climate Hazards

Ensemble Prediction Systems

Weather- and Climate-related Hazards

Other Hazards

Weather Information

Risk Models & Processes

Forecast and Prediction SystemWeather

Information

RelatedPartners

Example of an Emerging 3D MF-MP System: Shanghai Multi-Hazard Forecast and Prediction System

Earthquakes

Tsunamis


The conceptual design for comprehensive observations of urban atmospheric boundary

City-Scale Early Detection & Monitoring System (conceptual)


Microscale Meteorological Observation System(conceptual) -------- In the World EXPO 2010 Site


How to move forward? Some Questions:

• Role of Government?

• IP rights?

• Risk sharing?

• Cost sharing?

• Revenue sharing?

• Chisholm Network – a prototypical concept?


How to move forward?


~1000km

A possible prototype network?

Major Cities Included: Dallas-Ft. Worth; Houston; Austin; Oklahoma City; Amarillo; Lubbock; San Antonio; Corpus Christi; Shreveport; Tulsa; New Orleans; Mobile; Little Rock; Jackson; ........

“The Chisholm Network”

~1500km


end...

Contact:

[email protected]

integrated multi- functional observing networks for surface transportation (and many other sectors)...

Documents

wdabberdt wist

sfc temperature sfc

d surface mesonets

low signal

observation total phase

timetotal phase effect

low clouds

phenomena thunderstorms