Integrated Justice: Integrated Justice: The Big PictureThe Big Picture

Arizona Digital Arizona Digital Government SummitGovernment Summit

Karl HeckartAZ Supreme CourtMay 2005

Sessions

• Integrated Justice : The Big PictureIntegrated Justice : The Big Picture

• Integrated Justice: Evolutionary StepsIntegrated Justice: Evolutionary Steps

• Integrated Justice: Operational RealitiesIntegrated Justice: Operational Realities

The Goal

• Provide complete, accurate, and timely information to justice system decision-makers, when, where, and how they need it– Identity– Location– Legal status– Background– Policy information

FELONYCONVICTION RECORD

Crim Sex Conduct 1 12/98Assault with Weapon 3/96Burglary Occupied 6/94

Jon Lee Beasley12/8/52

WARRANTSDakota County Felony 1/1/99

Hennepin County Misdemeanor 2/5/99Carver County Gross Msdr 5/5/99

MISDEMEANORSDomestic Assault 3/3/97Assault 2/15/94DWI 7/4/93DWI 9/15/92

WEAPONS

PROHIBITED

PROBATIONHennepin

ScottDakotaDomestic Restraining Orders: Y

PRE-TRIALRELEASERamsey 11/99Hennepin 6/99

Dakota 5/99

JUVENILEFELONYRECORD

YES

NAME:DOB:

SEXOFFENDER:

YES

Why?

• Our justice system was designed in a time when people and information could move no faster than the speed of a horse.

• The volume and complexity of the work were much lower.

• A county-based justice system was good enough.

AZ Criminal Info

• Though based on positive AFIS identification, the individual’s AFIS record may be based on false information, such as incorrect names, dates of birth and social security numbers.

• As much as 65% of the charges made against individuals may not get into the ACCH repository at all.

• It is possible that an individual can commit a homicide, be charged, found guilty and sentenced, and never have it appear on their Criminal History Record Information.

• A person can be arrested and detained for a crime he/she did not commit, be completely exonerated, and yet still have a criminal history record for the crime.

• An individual can be arrested using anyone else’s name and demographic information, and cause an AZ AFIS record to be created and establish an unsuspecting and innocent person as a criminal.

AZ Criminal Info

• Of the charges that do get into the ACCH, only 60% or fewer of these charges are ultimately completed with a disposition, rendering the other 40% incomplete, thus unusable.

• The lack of charges with dispositions results in the release of repeat offenders who would have otherwise remained in custody or received enhanced charges.

• Of the charges that do get into the ACCH, many may be duplicated due to the manual processing of the information, resulting in falsely inflated records for individuals.

• Because the Disposition Reporting process is manual, and coupled to paper forms, the process has an indefinite time line to completion making it all but impossible to track or account for as cases can take from hours to years to complete.

Modern Factors

• Criminal activity is no longer confined to a single county or state.

• Criminals today can move much faster than the speed of a horse, while information moves much slower than the speed of a horse.

• Information is needed statewide and nationwide not just countywide.

• Paper cannot move information far enough or fast enough to meet justice system needs

Conclusions

• Justice system officials do not have the information they need to make informed decisions

• Justice and public safety is an information dependent enterprise that operates (at a cost of billions $$) with little or no information!!!

• The information that we do have often does not arrive in time to make a difference

Consequences?

• Treat career criminals as first-time offenders

• Release people who should not be released

• Sell handguns to people who are barred from purchasing handguns

• Inappropriate charging, plea agreement, disposition, sentencing, classification, treatment, placement, and other decisions

AKAKerry Dean GellerKeith Allen BrummerBob StevensonRobert Mark GellerJames HeidelbergRichard Lee OlsonBob GellerRobert James StevensonEric Allen Johnson Alias Dates of Birth:03/29/55, 05/11/58, 01/24/61,05/05/55, 04/29/55, 03/27/48,

04/24/54

Kerry Dean StevensonDate of Birth: 04/29/58

Year Convicted of: County Status: Crt file #

1983 Indecent Conduct Hennepin CCH CAG# 83080022

1984 DWI Hennepin CCH 1535155

1985 Indecent Conduct Anoka Not in CCH K1-85-1172

1986 Indecent Conduct Hennepin CCH CAG# 86109522

1986 Indecent Conduct Ramsey Suspense Pre-TCIS?

1986 DWI Hennepin Suspense CAG#86121271

1987 Indecent conduct Anoka Suspense KX-87-7525

1987 Indecent conduct Anoka Suspense K9-87-7967

1988 Indecent Exposure Hennepin CCH CAG#87151375

1989 Indecent Exposure Hennepin CCH 89056658

1989 Gross Misd DWI Pine Suspense K8-89-534 

1991 Agg Viol – DL Susp Hennepin CCH 91040704

1992 Indecent Conduct Anoka Suspense K8-92-8512

1993 Indecent Conduct Ramsey Suspense KX-93-759

1993 Indecent Conduct Ramsey Suspense K6-93-757

1993 Indecent Exposure Hennepin Suspense CAG # 93022196

1993 Escape from custody Hennepin Suspense CAG#93511838

1994 Theft by check Ramsey Not in CCH K7-94-82

1997 Crim Sex Conduct 5th Ramsey Suspense K2-97-2658

1998 Crim Sex Conduct 5th Hennepin Suspense CAG#97208852

2000 Crim Sex Conduct 5th Anoka Found Guilty – Sentencing scheduled

KX-00-6209

Total Offenses: 21

On State Criminal History Data Base: 6

Total Offenses: 21

On State Criminal History Data Base: 6

The Problem of Autonomy

• Over 500 criminal justice organizations in Arizona

• Over 55,000 criminal justice organizations in US

• Each makes independent decisions about work processes and data structure

• Every time we move information between two of these organizations, it is like lifting the train body off the wheel sets

The Problem of Autonomy

• Independent organizations– Constitution– Political– Organization– Budget

• Interdependent organizations– Operations

Consequences?

• Decisions about business processes and information are made independently in silos

• Decisions made in one justice organization often hurt other organizations

• There is no enterprise strategy for delivering information to justice system officials

• Automation may improve internal efficiency while impeding the overall performance of the justice system

The Real Problem

• 1000 felonies• 500 not reported• 400 not solved• 100 suspects arrested (35 juvenile, 65 adult)• 30 juveniles dismissed or probation• 5 juveniles incarcerated• 23 adults plead guilty, 4 convicted• 18 adults incarcerated

Solution?

Integrated Justice Information!

ACJC Integration Vision

LawLawEnforcementEnforcement

JailJailBookingBooking ProsecutorProsecutor

InternetInternet Justice Info Portal

ACCHACCH

Interagency Case IndexInteragency Case IndexInteragency Case IndexInteragency Case Index

InfoInfoRepositoryRepository

InfoInfoRepositoryRepository

Pre-BookingPre-BookingSystemSystem

Pre-BookingPre-BookingSystemSystem

AZAZAFISAFIS

Disposition Report MgmntDisposition Report MgmntDisposition Report MgmntDisposition Report Mgmnt

PublicPublicDefenderDefenderTrial CourtTrial CourtCorrectionsCorrections

Security

Published Data

Benefits

• Improved operational efficiency.• Increased accuracy and completeness of

disposition reporting.• Improved decision making through

complete/accurate criminal history information.• Increased accuracy and consistency of

information being delivered throughout the criminal justice process.

• Increased accountability for actions, accuracy and timeliness.

Impediments

• Cost– $30 + million to build– $??? Operate

• Legacy Systems– Aging, Inflexible State Systems– So many Local Systems

• Coordinated Business Process• Sustaining Political Commitment

Milestones

• Initiation and Governance

• Planning

• Performance Measures

• Analyze Information Exchange

• Standards

• Architecture

• Infrastructure

• Applications

• Interfaces

• Evaluate Success

Steps to Success

• Find Champions– Needed at all levels

• Get Stakeholders Committed• Find & Utilize Leveragable ResourcesFind & Utilize Leveragable Resources• Map the Process & Data Flow• Gain Momentum - Identify a significant problem

that’s easy to fix & fix it.• Evolution notnot Revolution• Emphasize Flexibility - Design for Change• Focus on Interdependence

Resources:Resources:

Az Criminal Justice Comm.Az Criminal Justice Comm.www.acjc.state.az.usCheng, Eddy Cheng, Eddy ECheng@acjc.state.az.usSEARCHSEARCHwww.search.orgwww.search.org