instruments in pediatrics

8/13/2019 INSTRUMENTS IN PEDIATRICS

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PARTS pointed cannula withhub & stillete

SITEL3 & L4 ORL4 & L5

subarachnoid space

POSITIONlateral decubitussitting position


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USES DIAGNOSTIC

Infection- Brain & spinal cordBleeding- subarachnoid , stroke

hemorrhage

Tumors LymphomaAutoimmune disorders - MS

THERAPEUTIC- Intrathecal Injectionmethotrexate- Leukemia

amphotericin Fungal infection

CONTRAINDICATIONS Skin infection at puncture siteRaised ICT, papilloedemaHydrocephalous

Intracranial Spaceoccupying lesions

COMPLICATIONS Local Back painHeadache, InfectionBrainstem herniation


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PARTS Stillete ,Thick bodyNail, Needle with guard

SITE Posterior Iliac CrestSternum

Tibia ( upto 2 yrs)

USES Diagnostic TherapeuticAplatic Anaemia Intraosseous infusionLeukemia, PUO Bone marrow

Megaloblastic anaemia transplantation

Storage disorders- Gauchers,

Nieman picks


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J MSHIDIS BIOPSYNEEDLE


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PARTSSharp pointed needle , notchsleeve

SITE - Ant to Rt mid-axillary linetenth intercostal space

Local anaesthesia

INDICATIONSChronic HepatitisConjugated Hyperbilirubinemia in InfancyInvestigation Portal HT , Wilsons Disease

Metabolic or storage disorders

CONTRAINDICATIONS Increase PT/ PTTPlatelet count < 40000 mm3Hydatid disease of liver, Pyogenic Abscess

COMPLICATIONS- Local pain , Infection, capsularbleeding, subcapsular & intrahepatic

hematoma


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Metal depressors commonly used, Spatula disposable

USES Examine Throat, Oral Cavity, tonsil, palatal movement,

posterior pharynx, Uvula,.. Visualise foreign body if aspirated Open mouth in a unconscious patient , suctioning Test for spasms of masseter in a suspected case of

Tetanus


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OR SELF INFLATING BAG

PARTS Patient outlet

Pressure release valve

set to release at pressure 30-35cm water

One way valve unit

Oxygen inlet

Air inlet( with reservoir FiO2 to be around 90

100%) Bag size ranges from 450ml to 1500ml


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INDICATIONS

Respiratory failure/arrest Neonatal resuscitation

CONTRAINDICATION:Diaphragmatic herniaMeconium Aspiration

SyndromeWhat is EC clamp?

OXYGEN RESERVOIRA reservoir bag

One end connected to air inlet of self inflating bag

Used to increase the FiO2 of the oxygen delivered to patient

from 40 % to 90%


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Handle with 2 batteries Blade with light source Curved ( Macintosh) / Straight (miller) Younger childrenstraight blade is useful Size of the blade- 0,1,2&3

USES For intubation under direct vision Direct laryngoscopy- Vocal Cord Palsy

For detecting foreign body in Larynx

COMPLICATIONMechanical injury

Stimulation of posterior pharyngeal wall vasovagal episode

Hyperextension of neck- damage to cervical spine


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PARTS Plastic tube with blunt tip & opening on lateral

Side close to tip.

Blunt tube prevents damage to structures

while inserting the tube

Marked line - for proper placement

Radio opaque marker

No. 5 to No. 12 commonly used for paediatric

patients


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PROCEDURESize measured

From nose to tragus

+

Tragus to xiphoid

USESDiagnostic use

To detect internal bleeding

in stomach

For performing gastric lavage for AFB

To detect tracheo-esophageal fistula

Poisoning ( for chemical analysis of gastric content)

Gastric analysis

Therapeutic use NG feeds

Administration of drugs

To decompress the stomachas preoperative procedure

Oxygen catheter

For nasal, endotracheal and tracheostomy suction


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Clean the area with antiseptic

SITE- Antero-lateral part of thighDeltoid

Upper & Outer quadrant of Gluteal region

Needle is inserted at 45 or 90 degree


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Mantoux or Tuberculin

skin test

Subcutaneous route


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PARTS Thin plastic sheath Metallic stillete for guiding the vein Metallic sheath is removed once plastic

sheath is placed in the vein

Color coded for sizes Pediatric size ranges from No. 22 to No.24

USESFor infusion of iv fluids, drugs,

blood products


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INHALERS 4 groups

MDI Inhaler with Dry

spacer devices powder Nebuliser

Inhaler


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THANK YOU

instruments in pediatrics

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