instrument oral questions

8/11/2019 Instrument Oral Questions

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/instrument-oral-questions 1/27

EVERYTHING YOU NEED TO KNOW

FOR INSTRUMENT ORAL

1. Be able to identify, define and use the following abbreviations:

AGL ALS ASR ATC CAS

! "# $AA GS !%RL

%AS %CA& %$R %LS %"

%'T LA L%$R L"" "AA

"CA "A "#A "" "&CA

"RA "SL "SA 'B A$

'&(T &" (AR RB' R#%L

R)R R)) TAS T*L T)&R

)$R ")$R )!$ )&R )&RTAC

)a )f )fe )ne )no )r )s )so )+ )y

. !ow often does the -itotstati/ syste0 and alti0eter have to be /he/ed2

3. 4hat are the 0ini0u0 e5ui-0ent re5uire0ents for %$R flight2

6. 4here does Class A airs-a/e begin2 4hat e5ui-0ent is re5uired2 Any other

re5uire0ents2

7. 4hat is the "SA for %$R flights in 0ountainous and non0ountainous terrain2

8. 4hat are the only two AGL altitudes listed on an a--roa/h -late2

9. 4hat is the value of ea/h dot on the )&R fa/e in referen/e to %LS a--roa/hes2

. !ow 0u/h of an u-ward defle/tion of the glideslo-e indi/ator ;in ter0s of dots< is

allowed at the 0iddle 0arer before /alling a 0issed a--roa/h2

=. %n referen/e to an 'B, what is a bearing and what is a /ourse2



1>. 4hat -ro/edure should you follow when you have diverted fro0 your destination in

bad weather and your alternate has gone below alternate 0ini0u0s2

11. 4hat is the trans-onder -ro/edure for lost /o00uni/ations2

1. !ow is TAS /al/ulated2

13. !ow do you deter0ine whether or not an alternate is needed2

16. 4hat are the 0ini0u0 alternate re5uire0ents2

17. es/ribe ea/h of the following, s-e/ify what infor0ation they /ontain, their duration,

and their fre5uen/y of issue:

$A $T SA S( RS (%R#(

18. #+-lain the differen/e between an A%R"#T, a S%G"#T, and a C&')#CT%)#

S%G"#T.

19. $or ea/h of the following ty-es of /harts....des/ribe what they are, how they are used

by -ilots, how often they are issued, observed, or fore/ast, and what their -eriod of

fore/ast?validity is:

Surfa/e Analysis 4eather e-i/tion

Radar Su00ary Signifi/ant 4eather (rognosti/

Co0-osite "oisture Stability Sever 4eather &utloo

Constant (ressure

1. #+-lain in full how a thunderstor0 develo-s, what fronts or syste0s they are usually

in /on@un/tion with, and what haards 0ay be en/ountered in relation to the0.

1=. #+-lain in detail the differen/e between stratus and /u0ulus.

>. 4hat is the %nternational Standard At0os-here ;%SA< at Sea Level2 !g2 "b2 C2

$2 and the standard la-se rate of ea/h -er 1,>>>2



1. !ow often are low enroute /harts -ublished2 A--roa/h -lates2 Se/tionals2

Air-ort?$a/ilities ire/tories2

. !ow do we now our /harts are /urrent2 ;tri/ 5uestion<

3. D3 has been 0oved to D18 answer it there not here.

6. #+-lain the differen/e between the blue, green, and brown air-orts on a low enroute

/hart.

7. 4hy are so0e triangles ;low enroute /hart< solid and others are not2

8. !ow do you now if "# 0ay be used to identify an interse/tion2

9. !ow do you deter0ine terrain?obsta/le /learan/e off an airway2

. 4hat is the differen/e between an $A$ and an $A(2

=. 4here is the $A$ on a -re/ision a--roa/h2 non-re/ision2

3>. #+-lain the 0eaning of !AA and !AT. !ow are they different2 4here are they

found2

31. 4hat are the different a--roa/h /ategories and how are they deter0ined2

3. &n a /ir/ling a--roa/h, what area of /learan/e are you guaranteed2

33. 4hen is des/ent below "A?! allowed2

36. %dentify the /o0-onents of a -re/ision a--roa/h.

37. 4hat is the Erunway environ0entE2 !ow far /an you des/end if you only have the

a--roa/h lights in sight2

38. 4hy do so0e a--roa/hes have nu0bers ;e+. )&R 13< and others have letters ;e+.

)&RA<2

39. !ow /losely aligned with the runway /enterline does an a--roa/h have to be to be

/onsidered EstraightinE2



3. es/ribe an LA a--roa/h and an S$ a--roa/h and e+-lain the differen/e between

the two.

3=. !ow would a tailwind effe/t the ti0ing of a non-re/ision a--roa/h2 A headwind2

6>. es/ribe a /onta/t a--roa/h and a visual a--roa/h and e+-lain the differen/e between

the two ;who /an /all for ea/h, visibility?/eiling re5uire0ents, et/<.

61. 4hat is a shuttle2

6. 'a0e the re5uired instru0ents and e5ui-0ent for an %$R flight.

63. At what altitude is "ode C re5uired2 4hat ty-e;s< airs-a/e2

66. es/ribe in full the -ro/edure for lost /o00uni/ations. %n/lude altitude, route,

/learan/e li0it, holding, a--roa/h, s5uaw, ti0es, et/.

67. 4hat re-orts are re5uired by the $ARs for %$R flight2

68. 'a0e the ty-es of )&Rs and e+-lain the differen/es and ranges between the0.

69. 'a0e and des/ribe the various li0itations?-roble0s?errors with the A$?'B.

6. List and des/ribe the various ty-e of )&R tests and toleran/es for ea/h.

6=. 4hat are the )!$ and F!$ antennas on the -lane2 ;if any<

7>. es/ribe in detail, the -roble0s?errors of the 0agneti/ /o0-ass.

71. %f using the 0agneti/ /o0-ass on a heading of east and turning to a heading of north,

what heading would you start your rollout on, how did you deter0ine that heading2

7. 4hat is the differen/e between dei/ing and antii/ing e5ui-0ent2 oes your air/raft

have either one2 %f so, what is it2 !ow does it wor2

73. 4hat is the 0a+i0u0 a0ount of error allowed in the alti0eter to 0ae an %$R flight2

76. 4hat a/tion, if any, is re5uired after the loss of va/uu0 instru0ents in flight2

77. 4hat do/u0ents 0ust be on board the air/raft for all %$R flights2



78. %n referen/e to %$R flights, are we referring to:

a. flights in a/tual %"C

b. flights under si0ulated %"C

/. flights on an %$R flight -lan

d. all of the above

e. none of the above

f. so0e /o0bination of the above ;if so, what2<

79. 4hat are the re/en/y of e+-erien/e re5uire0ents for %$R flight2 4ith -assengers2

7. 4hat is the differen/e between R)R and R))2

7=. #+-lain what is 0eant when a -ilot is told E/ruise 8,>>>E.

8>. 4hat are the four?five a--roa/h seg0ents of an %$R a--roa/h and where does ea/h

begin2 Are there any e+/e-tions2

81. Fnder what /ir/u0stan/es, if any, would a (ro/edure Turn not be used2

8. 4hat is the -ro/edure for E-i/ing u-E an %$R /learan/e at an un/ontrolled air-ort2

4hat is the na0e for this ty-e of /learan/e2 %s there 0ore than one way to do it2 %s it

re5uired that you 0aintain )$R until establishing radio /onta/t with ATC2

83. !ow far offshore does F.S. airs-a/e e+tend2

86. 4hat is i0-lied if no /louds or visibility are re-orted on AT%S2 4hat is i0-lied if no

wind or visibility is re-orted in the hourly weather re-ort2 %n the ter0inal fore/ast2

87. 4here is the )&R C&( ;/hangeover -oint< on 0ost airways2 %s it labelled2 %f so,

how2

88. Can a--roa/h /ontrol /lear you below the "#A when enroute2

89. 4hat /an a -ilot do if his %$R /urren/y has la-sed2



8. 4hat has the $AA dee0ed an Ea--ro-riate safety -ilotE2

8=. 4hat is /onsidered Einstru0ent flight ti0eE by the $ARs2 4here would you find that

infor0ation2

9>. 4hat /ertifi/ates 0ust a -ilot /arry in his -ersonal -ossession for an %$R flight2

91. 4hat are the fuel re5uire0ents for %$R flight2 )$R2

9. %s it re5uired that an alternate be listed when filing %$R2 4hen is an alternate

re5uired2 4hat are alternate 0ini0u0s2

93. As (%C, /an you allow the o-eration of a -ortable ele/troni/ devi/e aboard the

air/raft for )$R flight2 %$R2 %s a /ellular -hone -er0itted to be used aboard an

air/raft2 4hy or why not2 4hen and?or when not2

96. !ow often 0ust your )&R be /he/ed to be legal for %$R flight2 )$R2

97. At what -oint /an you /an/el your %$R flight -lan2

98. 4hat is the 0ethod for /losing an %$R flight -lan2 )$R2

99. 4hat are the 0ini0u0 weather re5uire0ents for taeoff under $AR (art =1 for %$R

flight2 oes it 0atter what ind of air-ort it is2 %f so, des/ribe the re5uire0ents at

the different ty-es.

9. #+-lain in detail the differen/e between "A and !.

9=. !ow wide is an airway2 4hat -art of the airway should you fly on2 4hen, if ever,

should you deviate fro0 that -art of the airway2 ;thin about this one %$R and )$R<

>. %f flying %$R how do you /hoose your /ruising altitude2 %f )$R2 At what altitude do

/ruise altitude rules begin ;hint: its AGL<2 !ow 0u/h se-aration will that allow you

between traffi/ in the sa0e dire/tion2 &--osite dire/tion traffi/2 Cir/le the /orre/t

o-tion on ea/h line to show whether its )$R or %$R and whether its eastbound or



westbound.

7,7>>)$R%$R#ASTB&F'4#STB&F'

7,>>>)$R%$R#ASTB&F'4#STB&F'

6,7>>)$R%$R#ASTB&F'4#STB&F'

6,>>>)$R%$R#ASTB&F'4#STB&F'

1. 'a0e the 0ethods of identifying the outer0arer.

. !ow often 0ust the trans-onder?"ode C be /he/ed2

3. es/ribe your situation at /ruise if your /learan/e s-e/ifies E)$R &' T&(E.

6. %s an alternate stati/ sour/e re5uired by the $ARs2 %f sele/ted during flight, how will

it effe/t the instru0ents2 4hi/h one;s<2

7. %s a -itot heater re5uired by the $ARs2 %f used, how will it effe/t the instru0ents2

4hi/h one;s<2

8. #+-lain the differen/e in the following /learan/es as related to an %$R altitude

assign0ent:

E'ove0ber 1367, 0aintain si+ thousand feet.E

E'ove0ber 1367, /ruise si+ thousand feet.E

9. 4hat ins-e/tions 0ust be -erfor0ed on the air/raft to be o-erated %$R2 4hen are

those ins-e/tions due2

. is/uss S%s and STARs. 4hat are they2 4here do you find the02 !ow do you use

the02 4hat is their -ur-ose2 et/....

=. Assu0e you are %$R outside of radar environ0ent, what radio re-orts 0ust be

auto0ati/ally trans0itted to ATC even without their re5uest2 ;!int: there are 1<

=>. 4hat is the -ro/edure if you e+-erien/e TOTAL ele/tri/al failure ;'av, Co00, and



any ele/tri/al instru0ents<2

=1. #+-lain the following enroute /hart sy0bols:

a. $lag with the letter R in it

b. &-en Triangle

/. Closed Triangle

d. ;solid, found on an airway at an interse/tion<

e. Bo+ with a nu0ber in it below an airway

f. &ne nu0ber over another on an airway

g. Ra/e tra/ sy0bol

h. A ne+t to nu0bers above an airway

=. List as 0any ways as you /an how to identify an interse/tion.

=3. %s a )S% ;)erti/al S-eed %ndi/ator< re5uired for %$R flight2

=6. 4hat for/e ee-s the gyro s-inning and in a fi+ed -osition resistant to e+ternal

for/es2

=7. 4hat is the tilting or turning of a gyro in res-onse to -ressure /alled2 4hat -roble0s

0ay that lead to2 4hen is it 0ost liely to o//ur2

=8. 4hi/h instru0ent;s< dis-lay both -it/h and ban infor0ation2

=9. 4hi/h a+is is the heading indi/ator res-onding to2

=. 4hat is a standardrate turn2 %f the turn /oordinator was %'&(, /ould you still fly a

standardrate turn2 !ow2

==. 4hat would you do to the ban angle to 0aintain a standardrate turn while

de/reasing airs-eed2



instru0ent2

119 &n/e established in a standardrate turn, whi/h instru0ent is -ri0ary for ban

/ontrol2 (it/h2

11 Rate of turn varies with /hanges in TAS and HHHHHHHHHHHH2

11= 4here /an you find the lo/ations for )&T, )&R ground, and )&R airborne

/he/-oints2

1> 4hat indi/ation will you re/eive when a )&R station is shut down for 0aintenan/e2

11 4hen flying fro0 a )&R station, a fulls/ale C% ;Course eviation %ndi/ator<

defle/tion 0eans that you are at least HHHHHH fro0 your desired radial.

1 %f you are 3> 0iles fro0 a )&R and the C% is defle/ted two dots fro0 /enter,

a--ro+i0ately how far are you fro0 your sele/ted radial2

13 Assu0e you are flying -er-endi/ular to the >=> radial of a )&R on a heading of 38>

and you note that two 0inutes ela-se between the >=> and >> radials. %f your

grounds-eed is 1> nots, your distan/e fro0 the station is a--ro+i0ately HHHH'".

16 Based on the -revious 5uestion and a fuel /onsu0-tion rate of 17 gallons -er hour,

how 0u/h fuel is re5uired to fly to the station2

17 4hat is /onsidered station -assage ;)&R<2

18 $ill in the blans /on/erning the A$:

"agneti/ !eading A$ %ndi/ator Bearing to Station

6> >8> HHH

1=> HHH >7

>3> HHH 187

HHH 317 97



19 4here does "# have the least error between ground distan/e to the )&RTAC and

the dis-layed distan/e2

1 4hen only the "# -ortion of a navaid is o-erating, the station identifier is

trans0itted a--ro+i0ately how often2

1= At grounds-eeds of 17> nots or less, the a--ro+i0ate lead to inter/e-t a "# Ar/

fro0 a radial is HHHHHHH.

13> As a guide for heading /orre/tions when you fly a "# Ar/, how 0any degrees of

heading /hange should you use for ea/h 1? 0ile deviation fro0 the desired ar/2

131 4hat are the two highest -riorities of the ATC syste02

13 !ow far in advan/e should you file your %$R flight -lan2

133 Can you E-i/ u-E an %$R /learan/e fro0 ARTCC2 $SS2

136 4hen is an %$R flight -lan deleted fro0 the ARTCC /o0-uter if not E-i/ed u-E2

137 %f ased by ATC to redu/e s-eed, to what s-eed are they referring2 ;nots, 0-h,

%AS, GS, et/<

138 %f on an %$R flight -lan, ATC will advise you of all other traffi/. True or $alse2

139 4ho are /enter weather advisories issued by2

13 A safety alert is issued when, in the /ontrollers @udg0ent, an air/raft is in unsafe

-ro+i0ity to what2

13= 4ho relays %$R /learan/es to -ilots de-arting un/ontrolled air-orts2 /ontrolled2

16> 4ho /ontrols the airs-a/e within a five0ile radius of a /ontrolled air-ort2 4hat is

that airs-a/e /alled2 4hat is the u--er li0it of that airs-a/e2 4hat do you need to

enter that airs-a/e2

161 4ho handles the transition of air/raft between the /ontrol tower and ARTCC2



16 4ho /ontrols all enroute %$R air traffi/2

163 4hat is Stage %%%2 4here is it found2 %s -arti/i-ation 0andatory2

166 %f a /ontrol tower and a $SS are on the sa0e air-ort, what ty-e of servi/e does the

$SS -rovide after the tower /loses2

167 %n the event you deviate fro0 a /learan/e due to an e0ergen/y, what a/tion ;if any<

0ust you tae2 #+-lain. 4here would you find that infor0ation2

168 %f ATC -rovides you with -riority servi/e be/ause of an e0ergen/y, what a/tion ;if

any< 0ust you tae2 #+-lain. 4here would you find that infor0ation2

169 %f you de-art fro0 an air-ort outside of /ontrolled airs-a/e during %$R /onditions,

when 0ust you file an %$R flight -lan and re/eive /learan/e2

16 True or $alse2 ATC will not issue a S% unless you re5uest it.

16= 4hat ty-e ;if any< /learan/e will allow you to e+e/ute an instru0ent a--roa/h at

your destination air-ort2

17> 4hat is a /o0-osite flight -lan2

171 4hat is the differen/e between yellow arrows and yellow /hevrons at the end of an

air-ort runway2

17 !ow far into the a--roa/h area do a--roa/h lighting syste0s for non-re/ision

instru0ent runways nor0ally e+tend2

173 At an air-ort with a )AS%:

a. it is there for /onvenien/e

b. you 0ust fly a 3 glide -ath

/. you 0ust stay at or above the glide -ath

d. none of the above ;if none of the above....give your answer<



176 4hen the runway lights have variable intensity, how is the intensity set and by

who02

177 %f you re0ain at or above the )AS% glide -ath, what are you assured of2 Are all

)AS% -aths 32

178 4hat 0ay you assu0e if the rotating bea/on is on during daylight hours2

179 4hat is the 0a+i0u0 airs-eed for re/i-ro/atingengine air/raft in:

Class airs-a/e

Class B airs-a/e

Fnder Class B airs-a/e

Through )$R /orridor in Class B airs-a/e

Airs-a/e below 1>,>>>

17 4here are warning areas2

17= 4ho is res-onsible for /ollision avoidan/e in Alert Areas2

18> 4ho would you /all to find out if an "&A is a/tive2 4ould it effe/t you if you were

on an %$R flight -lan2

181 !ow 0ight you now if the 0ilitary o-erations on an "TR are %$R or )$R2

18 #+-lain in detail the following ty-es of airs-a/e and how they effe/t %$R flights:

4arning Restri/ted Alert (rohibited A%*

#4%* Class A Class B Class C Class

Class # Class G TRSA

183 4here is it re5uired that a trans-onder have altitude en/oding /a-abilities2

186 %n what -ubli/ation would you find:

$C '&TA"S2



$SS tele-hone nu0bers2

(referred %$R routes2

)&R re/eiver /he/-oints and )&T fa/ilities2

187 4hat is the ter0 for the route that -rovides a transition fro0 the enroute stru/ture to

the a--roa/h stru/ture2

188 4hat is the "issed A--roa/h (oint ;"A(< for a -re/ision a--roa/h2 non-re/ision2

Fnder what other /ir/u0stan/es 0ay you be Efor/edE to shoot a 0issed a--roa/h2

189 Are /o00er/ial broad/ast stations /onsidered reliable navaids2

18 !ow /lose do you have to be to the )&R station for ATC to assign the "&CA as

your assigned altitude2

18= 4hat is the signifi/an/e of the "AA2

19> %f a "CA is not -ublished at a fi+ where the "#A in/reases to a higher altitude,

where does obstru/tion /learan/e nor0ally re5uire you to begin your /li0b in

relation to the fi+ where the /hange o//urs2

191 4hat does the fre5uen/y 1.1R over a )&R bo+ indi/ate2

19 4hat are the nor0al 0ini0u0s for an %LS a--roa/h with all /o0-onents o-erative2

193 4hen a /o0-ass lo/ator is used in /on@un/tion with an %LS, where is it nor0ally

found2

196 %s it legal to fly an %LS in %"C with an ino-erable glide slo-e2 4hy?why not2

197 4hat /orre/tive a/tion, if any, should be taen if on the /enterline of the lo/alierand

the glide slo-e but your airs-eed is too high2 4hat /onse5uen/e, if any, would you

suffer if no /orre/tive a/tion were taen2

198 4hat are the ty-es of -re/ision and non-re/ision a--roa/hes2 %dentify what ty-e



ea/h is.

199 4hen flying a holding -attern with the outbound ti0e being one 0inute and twenty

se/onds ;1:> or :>< and the inbound leg being thirtyeight se/onds ;:3< whi/h leg

would you /orre/t and how2

19 %n what distan/e fro0 the air-ort should you nor0ally /o0-lete a (ro/edure Turn2

19= %f you are flying a /ir/ling 0aneuver to the favored runway and the visibility is at or

above the re5uired 0ini0u0s, when /an you begin your des/ent fro0 "A2

1> 4hat a/tion;s< should you tae after de/laring a 0issed a--roa/h due to weather2

11 %s "# re5uired for an a--roa/h labelled )&R "# R4I 92

1 4hat are )(s ;)isual es/ent (oints<2 4here are they found2 !ow and why are

they used2

13 !ow would you now if nonstandard alternate 0ini0u0s a--ly to an air-ort2 4hat

sy0bol, if any, denotes that2 !ow would you find out what the 0ini0u0s were2

16 o %$R taeoff 0ini0u0s a--ly to -rivate air/raft o-erating under $AR (art=12

17 4hat is the standard %$R taeoff visibility 0ini0u02

18 4hat /li0b rate are -ublished %$R de-arture -ro/edures based on2

19 4hat is the re/o00ended -ro/edure if you do not wish to use a S%2

1 4hat is re5uired in order for you to be able to a//e-t a S%2

1= Co0-lian/e with a -ublished %$R de-arture -ro/edure ensures you of obsta/le

/learan/e to what altitude2

1=> %s an %$R de-arture -ro/edure always in/luded in you %$R /learan/e ;tri/ 5uestion<2

1=1 uring an %$R de-arture fro0 a /ontrolled field, when should you /onta/t de-arture



/ontrol2 $ro0 an un/ontrolled field2

1= 4hen landing at a /ontrolled field, when should you /onta/t ground /ontrol2

1=3 4hat infor0ation should you -rovide in your initial /onta/t with de-arture /ontrol

after leaving a /ontrolled air-ort2

1=6 4hat does the -hrase Eradar /onta/tE 0ean2

1=7 After a /ontroller advises, Eradar /onta/tE, he will -rovide radar flight following.

True or $alse2 4ould that in/lude terrain and obstru/tion /learan/e2

1=8 4hat is 0eant by the ter0 Eresu0e own navigationE after being ve/tored to an

airway2

1=9 %f you are -lanning a de-arture fro0 an un/ontrolled air-ort, and you /an not de-art

by the /learan/e void ti0e, how long do you have to notify ATC2 4hat a/tion, if

any, 0ay be taen by ATC if you do not /onta/t the0 in that -eriod2 4ho is

res-onsible for doing it and who is res-onsible for -aying for it2

1= %f you are -lanning a de-arture fro0 an air-ort that only has a $SS, who should you

obtain you /learan/e fro02 4hen2

1== 4hat 0ini0u0 rateof/li0b is re5uired when flying %$R2 4hat a/tion, if any, 0ust

you tae if you /an not 0aintain at least that rate2

>> 4hat is the re/o00ended -ro/edure for /hanging altitudes when flying on a )i/tor2

>1 4hat is the re/o00ended -ro/edure for /hanging altitudes in )"C on an %$R

/learan/e, on a vi/tor airway2

> 4hen o-erating on an %$R /learan/e in )"C, who is res-onsible for /ollision

avoidan/e2 (ilot or Controller or &ther Air/raft2

>3 4hat is the re/o00ended -ro/edure if you /an not establish /o00uni/ations on a



newly assigned fre5uen/y2

>6 %f you are o-erating on an %$R flight -lan, in a nonradar environ0ent, on a dire/t

/ourse that is not an established airway, when ;if at all< 0ust you re-ort to ATC2 %f

on a )$R flight -lan2

>7 4hat re-orts are you re5uired to 0ae when you are o-erating on an %$R /learan/e

s-e/ifying )$Ronto- in a nonradar environ0ent2

>8 Iou 0ust advise ATC whenever your true airs-eed /hanges by HHHHHnots?0-h or

HHHHH J whi/hever is greater.

>9 %f your filed route of flight re5uires you to -enetrate an a/tive Restri/ted Area, what

a/tion, if any, will ATC tae2 Are you -er0itted through this area2

> 4hi/h way are the turns in a standard holding -attern2

>= 4hi/h way are the turns in a standard traffi/ -attern2

1> %dentify ea/h of the following as either.....

A. Co0-ulsory in a nonradar environ0ent

B. Co0-ulsory regardless of radar servi/e

C. 'on/o0-ulsory

HHH E#STABL%S!# %' T!# !&L%'G (ATT#R' AT 19.....11,>>>.E

HHH E#(ART%'G !&L%'G (ATT#R' AT 69E

HHH EL#%LA %'T#RS#CT%&' AT 16, 11,>>> !&L%'G, R#KF#ST $FRT!#RCL#ARA'C#.E

HHH E)$R &' T&(, CL%"B%'G T& 1,7>>E

HHH EB# A)%S#....TRF# A%RS(## C!A'G# $R&" 13> T& 17> '&TSE

HHH E)&R %'B&F'E

HHH EL#A)%'G 9,>>> $&R 1,>>>E



HHH EL#)#L 1>,>>>E

HHH E"%SS# A((R&AC!, R#KF#ST CL#ARA'C# T& 4%C!%TAE

HHH ELA#LA' AT 11, 9,>>>, %$R, &RLA'& 3>, AIT&'A B#AC! '#MTE

HHH E#M(#R%#'C%'G "&#RAT# CL#AR %C%'G AT 1>,>>>, R#KF#ST 9,>>>E

HHH ER#)%S%'G &RLA'& #ST%"AT# T& 8E

HHH EB# A)%S# "# R#C#%)#R %S %'&(#RAT%)#E

HHH EB# A)%S# RAT# &$ CL%"B %' #MC#SS &$ 1,>>> $("E

HHH EB# A)%S# RAT# &$ CL%"B %S 6>> $("E

11 4hat re-ort, if any, is re5uired for a holding -attern when in radar /onta/t2

1 4hat is the 0a+i0u0 indi/ated airs-eed allowed by a -ro-ellerdriven air/raft

holding at 16,>>> "SL2

13 !ow is the re/o00ended entry -ro/edure to a holding -attern deter0ined2

16 4hat are the ty-es of holding -attern entries2 %s it re5uired by the $ARs that one of

those entries be used to enter a hold2 4hy or why not2 Are there any guidelines2

17 !ow far in advan/e of the hold are you nor0ally issued a hold /learan/e2

18 At what -oint should you nor0ally begin ti0ing the first outbound leg of a non

standard holding -attern2

19 &n a flight fro0 Atlanta to allas above 1,>>> how often would you reset you

alti0eter2

1 4hat freedo0 does a /learan/e to des/end at -ilots dis/retion give you2

;when2 where2 rate2 et/<

1= 4here does the arrival route for a STAR -ro/edure begin2

> 4hen does ATC issue a STAR2



1 %n regard to o-eration within Class airs-a/e, does ATC have the authority to

assign, re5uest, or a--rove a higher s-eed than the s-eed -res/ribed by $AR (art =12

4hat does ")A stand for2 %n what ty-e of terrain is it 0ost /o00only found2 !ow

0u/h /learan/e does it give you2

3 Iou are being radar ve/tored and the assigned heading will /ause your flight to -ass

through the final a--roa/h /ourse ;for the runway?a--roa/h you intend to use<, but

you have not yet been /leared for the a--roa/h. 4hat a/tion, if any, should you tae2

6 4hat ty-e of air-ort?a--roa/h would have a ti0ed a--roa/h fro0 a holding fi+2

7 4hen a holding -attern is s-e/ified in lieu of a (ro/edure Turn, what li0itations are

on the holding 0aneuver2

8 %f you 0ade a de/ision to e+e/ute the 0issed a--roa/h -rior to the "A( and the

-ro/edure s-e/ifies a /li0bing right turn to 7,>>>, what -ro/edure should you

follow2

9 %f on a visual or /onta/t a--roa/h are you still re5uired to fly the /o0-lete -ublished

instru0ent a--roa/h -ro/edure2

Both -ilot and /ontroller have the authority to initiate a re5uest for a /onta/t

a--roa/h. True or $alse2

= %s it -ossible for a /ontroller to issue, or a -ilot to re5uest, a visual a--roa/h when

the air-ort is in sight but the traffi/ to be followed is not2

3> %s the "A for a sideste- 0aneuver generally higher?lower?sa0e as /ir/ling

0ini0u0s2

31 %f you are /leared to fly a -ublished sideste- 0aneuver to a -arallel runway, at what



-oint does ATC e+-e/t you to start the 0aneuver2

3 4ho is res-onsible for /losing your %$R flight -lan at an air-ort with an o-erating

/ontrol tower2 ;tri/ 5uestion<

33 4hat visual illusion is asso/iated with a long, narrow runway2

36 %f you lose visual /onta/t with the air-ort during a /ir/ling -ro/edure and ATC radar

servi/e is not available, what a/tion should you tae2

37 4hat level of the at0os-here /ontaining the vast 0a@ority of the earths weather2

38 4hat is the 0a@or /ause of weather2

39 4hat does the /lose s-a/ing of isobars on a weather 0a- indi/ate2

3 4hat is Coriolis $or/e2

3= 4ithin ,>>> of the ground, surfa/e fri/tion /auses the wind to flow at an angle to

the isobars. True or $alse2

6> By what -ro/esses is 0oisture added to the at0os-here2

61 4hat ha--ens to the total a0ount of 0oisture an air0ass /an hold as the te0-erature

of that air0ass in/reases2 ;/an it hold 0ore or less< 4hy2

6 4hat is -robable when the te0-erature?dew-oint s-read is s0all and de/reasing2

4hy2 4hat is dew-oint2

63 4hat is rain /alled that re0ains li5uid even though its te0-erature is below freeing2

!ow does that ha--en2

66 4hat is for0ed when the te0-erature of an ob@e/t is below the a0bient dew-oint

and the dew-oint is below freeing2

67 !ow is frost for0ed2

68 4hat is indi/ated about the air when there is a low a0bient la-se rate2 4hat is



a0bient la-se rate2

69 4here should you esti0ate the /loud bases as being if the surfa/e te0-erature is =>$

and the dew-oint is 83$ ;assu0ing a standard la-se rate<2

6 4hat is indi/ated if the air te0-erature in/reases as altitude in/reases2

6= #+-lain the different /hara/teristi/s of stable vs. unstable air.

7> 4hat is a /loud with e+tensive verti/al develo-0ent that for0s in unstable air and

/ontains a large a0ount of 0oisture, turbulen/e, i/ing, and lightning /alled2

71 4hat ha--ens to the stability of an air0ass when it is war0ed fro0 below2

7 4hen frontal -assage is very ra-id, is a narrow or wide frontal one /reated2 4hy2

73 4hat is the 0ost reliable indi/ation that you are /rossing a front2

76 %n a /old front, what ty-e ;war0?/old< air is dis-la/ing what ty-e ;war0?/old< air at

the surfa/e2

77 Steady -re/i-itation with little turbulen/e usually -ro/eeds what ty-e of front2 4hy2

78 4hat three /onditions are ne/essary for thunderstor0 for0ation2

79 Continuous u-drafts o//ur in a thunderstor0 during whi/h stage2

7 4hen do thunderstor0s rea/h their greatest intensity2 #+-lain.

7= 4hat is the ter0 used to des/ribe a narrow band of thunderstor0s whi/h nor0ally

/ontains the 0ost severe ty-es of weatherrelated haards2

8> 4hat haard is always asso/iated with a thunderstor02

81 Iou 0ay en/ounter hail in /lear air several 0iles fro0 a thunderstor0. True or $alse2

8 4hat /loud ty-e is asso/iated with the 0ost severe thunderstor0s2

83 4hat a/tion should you tae during an en/ounter with an une+-e/ted thunderstor02

86 uring a stabilied landing a--roa/h, what ha--ens to your -it/h, %AS, and glide



-ath if the wind une+-e/tedly shifts fro0 a headwind to a tailwind2 4hat a/tion

should you tae2

87 4hen is wae turbulen/e the greatest2 4hat /auses it2 !ow /an you avoid it2

88 4hen trying to avoid wae turbulen/e and the other air/raft has @ust tou/hed down,

at what -oint should you -lan your tou/hdown2

89 4hat is fog /alled that ty-i/ally for0s over fairly level land on /lear, /al0, hu0id

nights2

8 4ith what relative hu0idity and what te0-erature s-read is /arburetor i/ing 0ost

liely2

8= 4hat is indi/ated by en/ountering freeing rain in flight2

9> Airfra0e i/ing /annot o//ur when the outside air te0-erature is above >C ;3$<.

True or $alse2

91 4here should the freeing level be if the surfa/e te0-erature is 73$ and all la-se

rates are standard2

9 4hat should you do to avoid hydro-laning2 4hen does it o//ur2

USE THE FOLLOWING INFORMATION FOR THE NEXT 9 QUESTIONS

"#TAR L$T >31773* 11>6>G83T 1 1?6S" NRA BR $#4>> &)C>16 6?6

A=>9 R" A& ( 4' 11>83?1767 SL(63 (>>1 T>3=>3=

93 4hat ty-e of re-ort is this2 4here would you find it2 4ho would issue it2

96 4hat is the height of the lowest /eiling ;if any< at L$T2

97 4hat is the visibility2 S" or '"2

98 %s L$T )$R or %$R2

99 4hat is the alti0eter setting HHHHH0b and HHHHH!g.2



9 4hat are the winds and where are they fro02

9= 4hat is the te0-erature2 ew-oint2 S-read2 %s fog liely2 4hy?why not2

> 4hat does E ( 4' 11>83?1767E at the end of the re-ort 0ean2

1 4hat does E T>3=>3=E at the end of the re-ort 0ean2


FA?&) #' 9>>7>?T" 3>>?$L >>?T( C#1>?S >> B' 1>?17> &)C 19>

?TB LGT?%C LGT R%"# >>13>?R" %' CLR

4hat ty-e of re-ort is this2 Translate this re-ort to -lain language.

3 %s i/ing re-orted2 %f so, where2

6 4hat is the thi/ness of the u--er /loud layer2 %s the -ilot in the /louds2


TA$ L$T >3113>* >311 >6>7G3>T 7S" RA B'>1> T#"(& 118

>7>6>G7>T 1S" NS!RA B'>>7

$"18>> 33>3>G7>T 7S" RA SCT>>9 &)C>17 T#"(& 181 1S"

NS!RA &)C>>9

$">>>> 38>>T (8S" SCT>>

7 4hat ty-e of re-ort is this2 !ow often is it issued2 !ow long is it valid2

8 Assu0e your #TA at L$T is 19>>*. Based on the above infor0ation, is an alternatere5uired2 Are any of the other air-orts suitable alternates2

9 4hat does the ter0 E T#"(& E indi/ate2

4hat should be used to deter0ine the fore/ast weather between re-orting -oints2




$4C $A >3>=67

SI'&(S%S A' )$R CLS?4M

SI'&(S%S )AL% F'T%L >6>6>>

CLS?4M )AL% F'T%L >3>>...&TL )AL% >3>>>6>6>>

& TM AR T' LA "S AL A' CSTL 4TRS

.

S## A%R"#T S%#RRA $&R %$R C&'S A' "T' &BSC'.

TS %"(LI S#) &R GTR TFRB S#) %C# LL4S A' %$R C&'S.

'&' "SL !GTS #'&T# BI AGL &R C%G.

.

SI'&(S%S...!RC' L%L% "&)G &'S!&R# &)R C'TRL LA CSTL'. S## LTST

A)SRI $R&" '!C. KST'RI $'TL SIS #MTS $R&" 'R' &! A' C'TRL%'

ACRS SR' %L..S4R' "&..S4R' & %'T& S#R' CR'R &$ '". BI

>6*...C$'T 4%LL #MT $R&" A L&4 &)R S#R' '#B ACRS C'TRL S A'

4R' & %'T& B%G B#' AR#A &$ S4 TM.

.

LA

'R' LA...AGL SCTB'>3>>7> B'1>>. T&(S $L6>. B' C%. %S&L

S!RA. B#C"G 18 C%GS B'>3>>7>. 4LI SCT TSRA?S!RA )L(G.

CB T&(S $L6>>. &TL...")$R C%GS TSRA 4%'.

SR' LA...C%GS &)C>1>>>. CLS LIR T& $L>. &)C C%. &C'L

RA?RAN...SCT TSRAN...(&SS S#). CB T&(S $L67>. 16>3>G7>T



#R' SM'S...3>>7G6>T 4R' SM'S. 4' S(S "S!G T& >G3>T

1=**. &TL...")$R C%GS S!RA 4%'.

= 4hat ty-e of re-ort is this2 4ho issues it2 !ow often is it issued2 !ow long is it

valid2 Translate to -lain language.

=> 4hat ind of turbulen/e, if any, is fore/ast2 4here2 4hy2 !ow do you now2

=1 4hat is the fore/ast over Southern Louisiana at 19>> *ulu2

= e/ode the following winds aloft fore/ast E971>17E?

=3 !ow would you write a winds aloft fore/ast signifying the wind is light and variable

and the te0-erature is one degree above freeing2 #+-lain.

=6 4hat is a fore/ast of general thunderstor0 a/tivity for the ne+t 6hour -eriod

/alled2

=7 4hat is the fre5uen/y for $light 4at/h below 1,>>> and what should you say to

the0 on your initial /all for enroute weather2

=8 4hat is #$AS and when is it available and how2

=9 efine ea/h of the following in full:

A%R"#T ;4A<

S%G"#T ;4S<

Conve/tive S%G"#T ;4ST<

Center 4eather Advisory ;C4A<

Severe 4eather 4at/h Bulletin ;44<

Severe 4eather $ore/ast Alert ;A44<

= 4hen flying in an area in whi/h !%4AS is available, you should be aware that

Center, ter0inal ATC fa/ilities, and $SSs dis/ontinue their nor0al broad/ast of



inflight weather advisories. True or $alse2 #+-lain.

MATH THE INFORMATION AT LEFT WITH THE ORRET HART!S"

HHH Areas, levels, and intensity of turbulen/e A. Surfa/e Analysis

HHH Ceilings and visibilities B. 4eather e-i/tion

HHH Areas of severe weather C. Radar Su00ary

HHH $reeing Levels . Constant (ressure

HHH $ore/ast 0ove0ent: -ressure syste0s?fronts #. $reeing Level

HHH &bserved te0-erature?dew-oint s-read $. LowLevel Signifi/ant 4+ (rog

HHH $ore/ast of weather /onditions G. Severe 4eather &utloo

== %s the @et strea0 stronger or weaer in the winter than the su00er2

3>> As the @et strea0 0oves south, what ha--ens to its average s-eed2

3>1 4hat is the boundary layer between the tro-os-here and the stratos-here2

3> 4hat does a /lear area within an area of /rosshat/hing on a tro-o-ause wind -rog

/hart indi/ate2

3>3 &n the tro-o-ause winds -rog /hart, what are strea0lines used to show2

3>6 4hat is the fre5uen/y to use when de/laring an e0ergen/y during an %$R flight in

/ontrolled airs-a/e2

3>7 4hat is the international distress radio trans0ission ter02

3>8 4hat is indi/ated by ea/h of the following trans-onder /odes2

97>>2

98>>2

99>>2

3>9 4hat is the international urgent radio trans0ission ter02



3> 4hat is the differen/e between an urgent situation and an e0ergen/y situation2

3>= 4hat a/tion should you tae if you e+-erien/e twoway radio /o00uni/ations

failure

while in )$R /onditions on an %$R flight -lan2 )$R flight -lan2

31> %f you are o-erating %$R in /ontrolled airs-a/e, what navigation e5ui-0ent loss, if

any, 0ust be i00ediately re-orted to ATC2

311 uring a nogyro a--roa/h, ATC e+-e/ts all turns to be 0ade at HHHHHHrate.

instrument oral questions

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