instructions slide
DESCRIPTION
INSTRUCTIONS SLIDE. 1. Welcome. This is a template to create an Instructional Design Document of the concept you have selected for creating animation. This will take you through a 5 section process to provide the necessary details to the animator before starting the animation. - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
INSTRUCTIONS SLIDE
WelcomeThis is a template to create an Instructional Design
Document of the concept you have selected for creating
animation.
This will take you through a 5 section process to provide the
necessary details to the animator before starting the
animation.
The legend on the left will indicate the current status of the
document. The Black coloured number will denote the
current section, the Turquoise color would denote the
completed sections, and the Sky blue color would
denote the remaining sections.
The slides having 'Instructions' would have a Yellow box, as
shown on the top of this slide.
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Variation of stability of atmosphere with time
of day and its effect on air pollutants
Chitra P. Murali and Professor Rashmi S. Patil
Definitions and Keywords Stability describes the atmosphere’s ability to
determine the vertical motion of pollutants
Atmospheric stability is defined by lapse rates
which gives the rate of decrease of temperature
with height
Environmental Lapse Rate (ELR) : rate of
temperature decrease with height in the
atmosphere at a given time and location
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Adiabatic Lapse Rate (ALR) : rate of
temperature decrease with height for a parcel of
air rising under adiabatic conditions ALR is a universal constant : (-1)ºC /100 m
Stability is determined by comparing the
environmental lapse rate with the adiabatic
lapse rate Air pollutants can be assumed as an air parcel
or plume
An air parcel is displaced vertically from A to B. Three conditions may happen:
Stable : At B, air parcel is at lower temperature than surrounding environment. So parcel goes back to its original position.
Unstable : At B, air parcel at higher temperature than surrounding environment. So parcel keeps going up (i.e. above B)
Neutral : At B, air parcel and environment at the same temperature. Hence any existing vertical motion for the air parcel is neither damped nor accelerated
When … Atmosphere is …ELR > ALR Unstable
ELR = ALR Neutral
ELR < ALR Stable
Temperature Inversion : When temperature increases with height
A temperature inversion is an extremely stable condition of atmosphere
Impact on Air Quality There is little vertical mixing when air is stable
and air quality tends to be worse when stable conditions exist
Air is stable mostly at night(radiation temperature inversion) when the cooling of the Earth’s surface decreases the ELR
Air is typically neutral for periods in the morning and evening
Air is most often unstable in the afternoon when solar radiation is absorbed by the Earth’s surface and the ELR is greater than ALR.
Air quality is usually best when air is unstable due to good vertical mixing of pollutants
INSTRUCTIONS SLIDE
Concept details:
In this section, provide the stepwise detailed
explanation of the concept.
Please fill in the steps of the explanation of the
concepts in the table format available in the
slides to follow (see the sample below).
Resize the table dimensions as per your
requirements.
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Step Details of the step
Image / Diagram Text to be displayed
Action / Motion in the step
1 The Thermoacoustic refrigerator employs high pressure waves for the required heat transfer.
The Thermoacoustic refrigerator employs high pressure waves for the required heat transfer.
Blue arrows are animated from the speaker, and white hollow arrows would move vertically. - Blue arrows should disappear by the time they reach the end of box (system)
Concept details1
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2Step No. Details of the
stepText to be displayed
Action/ Motion in the step
1 Unstable atmosphere
ELR > ALRHence unstable
First indicate the ELR line indicating surrounding environment. Then show ALR.
Image to be displayed
2 Stable atmosphere ELR < ALRHence stable
First indicate the ELR line indicating surrounding environment. Then show ALR.
Image to be displayed
3 Neutral atmosphere
ELR = ALRHence neutral
First indicate the ELR line indicating surrounding environment. Then show ALR on ELR.
Image to be displayed
4 Temperature Inversion
Temperature of surroundings increase with height.
First indicate the ELR line indicating surrounding environment. Then show ALR.
Image to be displayed
INSTRUCTIONS SLIDE
Interactivity and Boundary limits
expected in the animation In this section provide, interactivity options for all the
parameters/components of the concept.
For example:
Numerical values to change the state of the component: By providing input boxes
Drag and drop of components: To test the comprehension of the users
Movement of objects: To explain the action of the components
Provide the boundary limits of the parameters, which will
enable correctness of the results of the experiment.
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4Interactivity option
numberDetails of
interactivityImage /
DiagramText to be displayed
Boundary limit
1 The user can move the ‘balloon’ of gas in the resonator
When the balloon is placed in high pressure region, it would shrink and its temperature will rise (it will become red). When moved to low pressure region, it expands becoming cold (blue)
....
gas
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Consider a plume being released from a chimney. Displayed are the ways in which it disperses. It is controlled entirely by the stability of the atmosphere.
Interactivity option number
Details of interactivity Text to be displayed
1 First indicate the stability of the atmosphere as per the graph. Red line: ALR and Yellow line : ELR. This is stable condition.Then show the pattern of plume dispersion.
Fanning plume with very low dispersion when atmosphere is stable.
Image(Don’t show notations like gamma)
Interactivity option number
Details of interactivity Text to be displayed
2 First indicate the stability of the atmosphere as per the graph. Red line: ALR and Yellow line : ELR. This is unstable condition.Then show the pattern of plume dispersion.
Looping plume with high dispersion when atmosphere is unstable.
Image(Don’t show notations like gamma)
Interactivity option number
Details of interactivity Text to be displayed
3 First indicate the stability of the atmosphere as per the graph. Red line: ALR and Yellow line : ELR. This is neutral condition.Then show the pattern of plume dispersion.
Coning plume when atmosphere is neutral. Dispersion only due to existing environmental forces like wind and buoyancy.
Image(Don’t show notations like gamma)
Interactivity option number
Details of interactivity Text to be displayed
4 First indicate the stability of the atmosphere as per the graph. Red line: ALR and Yellow line : ELR. This is inversion condition.Then show the pattern of plume dispersion.
Fumigation when there is temperature inversion. At the region where inversion starts (i.e. from the grey horizontal line), the atmosphere acts as a lid, forcing the pollutants downwards. Occurs especially in early winter mornings, when most of the air pollution disasters have occured
Image(Don’t show notations like gamma)
INSTRUCTIONS SLIDE
Questionnaire to test the user
A small, (5 questions) questionnaire can
be created in the next slide, to test the
user's comprehension.
This can be an objective type
questionnaire.
It can also be an exercise, based on the
concept taught in this animation.
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Questionnaire1. The value of ALR is
Answers:
a) (-10)ºC per 1km b) (-1)ºC per 10m
c) (-1)ºC per 1km d) (-1)ºC per 1m
2. ELR< ALR indicates that atmosphere is
Answers:
a) stable b) unstable
c) neutral d) in temperature inversion
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3. Air quality is best when air is
Answers: a) stable b) unstable
c) neutral d) in inversion
4. Neutral conditions result in which type of plume?
Answers: a) fanning b) coning
c) fumigation d) looping
5. Inversion results in which type of plume?
Answers: a) fanning b) coning
c) fumigation d) looping
INSTRUCTIONS SLIDE
Links for further reading
In the subsequent slide, you can provide
links, which can be relevant for the user
to understand the concept further.
Add more slides in necessary
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Links for further reading1
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http://data.piercecollege.edu/weather/stability.html http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lapse_rate#Environmental_lapse_rate
http://apollo.lsc.vsc.edu/classes/met130/notes/chapter18/plumes2.html
Thank you