instructional planning: making it easier and more ... · instructional planning: making it easier...
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Instructional Planning:
Making it Easier and More
Collaborative
Mary B. Martin
Winthrop University
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I’ll plan the
science this
week. You
do the math.
Here is a whole book
of worksheets. Pick
out the ones you want
and I’ll run them.
This is what we
did last year.
I’m just going
to do my own
thing next
week.
[email protected] 2014
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Table Talk
1) Introduce yourself and meet someone
new.
2) Tell why you chose this session. What
do you hope to gain from the 90 minute
session?
3) Why do we need planning to change?
[email protected] 2014
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Positive Starting Points
Teachers get along well and really like each
other
Respect for each other and the talents on staff
Desire to do the job correctly – both teaching
and planning
Teachers put in the time, effort and care to plan
thoroughly; they work hard
Willing to share
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Aware of the Benefits of
Collaboration
• Increased student achievement
• Increased focus on problem-solving
• Increased teacher efficacy
• Increased job satisfaction
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In the News
PLCs make educating effective in the Pittsburgh
Tribune-Review
New York teachers see benefit of banding
together in Uticaod
Utah House passes bill allowing swap of
classroom days for teacher training Deseret News
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Objectives for Today
1. What makes collaboration difficult?
2. Do we have “real” PLCs?
3. What does collaboration entail?
4. What are the elements of an effective,
efficient meeting?
5. What occurs in the three stages of
planning?
6. What will it look like in action?
7. What is our role as administrators?
[email protected] 2014
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Norms for Our Session
1. Start and stop discussions with the raise
of hands.
2. Be present in the present: Participate.
3. Support for each other; make it safe to
share.
4. One voice at a time; no sidebars; balance
of talk time.
5. Hands-off cell phones; Limit interruptions.
[email protected] 2014
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Objective 1:
So what are the challenges?
What are the problems?
What makes collaborative planning hard?
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You know the problem. Time
“Why do we have to do this?”
Some people dominate conversations; others don’t talk.
People do not always come prepared; follow-through
needed
Some competition/disagreement between teachers:
Conflict erupts
Time not used productively; Agendas not always followed.
Unsure of administrator’s role/expectations in planning
Assessment not always used to plan instruction
Not addressing issues with priority
Different expectations: Some would like to leave with
plans; others want to plan on their own
[email protected] 2014
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More Barriers to Collaboration Interruptions to the time; “something always comes up”
Need communication tool between administration and
both teams
Too many chiefs
Unclear roles of support staff; Who needs to be at the
meeting?
Attitude/respect toward different ideas and teaching
techniques
Needing to keep a balance; overwhelmed with other
things to do.
Agendas too full
Not enough time to accomplish deep planning
More trust and appreciation needed [email protected] 2014
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• Planning for instruction is complex
process.
• There is not one “right” way to plan.
• Teachers need support to plan effectively.
• Everything can not be planned in a 90
minute team meeting.
[email protected] 2014
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Objective 2:
Do we have “real” PLCs in our school?
Cooperation vs. Collaboration
Did name change and work stay the same?
[email protected] 2014
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Definition
• Professional
• Learning
• Community or
• Team
1. Shared Vision
2. Shared Accountability
3. Academic Focus
4. Individual with unique
skills and talents
5. A team that benefits
from its diversity [email protected] 2014
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What is a Professional Learning
Community? • The teachers in a school and its administrators
continuously seek and share learning, and act on their
learning. The goal…is to enhance their effectiveness as
professionals for the students’ benefit….(Astuto, et al.,
1993)
• …the underground stream of norms, values,
beliefs, traditions, and rituals that has built
up over time as people work together,
solve problems, and confront challenges.
(Peterson & Deal)
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Why are Learning Communities
Important? • Reduces teacher
isolation and increase
teacher morale
• Increases commitment to
the mission and goals of
the school
• Shares responsibility for
development and
success of students
• Creates learning about
good teaching and
classroom practices
• Allows teachers to be
well informed, renewed,
and inspired
• Enables the school to
make instructional
changes quickly and so
that they last
[email protected] 2014
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Shared Vision, Mission, Values and
Goals Along with Shared Accountability
• What kind of school do we want to see in our
school?
• What do we want our children to achieve?
• What kind of workplace to we want our school to
be?
• What will we look like if we are
successful?
• What will we do if we are
not successful?
• What will we do to get there?
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Academic Focus
Focus on Teaching
Focus on Results
Students do the work we assign.
Work must be of high quality.
High quality involves planning intentionally
for: engagement, alignment, relevancy,
assessments, rigor, and best practice.
[email protected] 2014
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Five Questions to Address in
Planning
1. Exactly, what do we want
students to learn?
2. How will we know they have
learned it?
3. How will we teach it?
4. What will we do when they do not learn it?
5. What will we do when they already know it?
[email protected] 2014
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Recognize the unique skills and
talents that individuals bring
• What do you bring to the team?
• What do you need from the team?
• We are in this together, so we need to share our
strengths. There is no “I” in team.
• Do we embrace all ideas with respect? Are we
open-minded?
[email protected] 2014
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Know Yourself
• When are you most productive?
• When do you procrastinate?
• What do you most like to do?
• What do you not like to do?
• Where do you waste the most time?
• What are your hot buttons?
• What frustrates you about teamwork?
Be open and honest with each other about
your skills, talents, and needs. [email protected] 2014
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Know others on your team
• Who has the positive attitude and has
confidence (a can-do attitude)?
• Who will remember to celebrate our
accomplishments?
• Who will help us keep things in perspective?
• Who will bring a sense of humor to the team?
• Who will encourage us to take a risk and try
something new?
• Who will remind us to take care of each other?
[email protected] 2014
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What Do You See in a PLC?
• People are willing to accept feedback and work
toward improvement.
• Teachers model life-long learning. Teachers are
open-minded people; risk-takers.
• Respect and trust is strong among colleagues.
• Knowledge of best instructional practice and
curriculum expectations is at the table. If not,
people know where to go to get what they need.
• Supportive leadership from administrators is
evident. [email protected] 2014
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What else to you see in a PLC?
• Variety of resources tapped
• No teacher stands alone
• Teachers make instructional decisions
• Adults like to model teaming for students
• Communication is open, honest, frequent
• Teachers ask deep higher level questions
about their teaching: Why? How do we
know? Best approach? Did it work? So
what? So what next? [email protected] 2014
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Table Talk
• What is current state of our PLCs?
• What is working?
• What is missing?
• What steps might we take to move them
forward?
[email protected] 2014
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Objective 3. Collaborative
Relationships – What is involved?
• PLCs have a Caring Culture that benefits the school from its Collective Intelligence. Understand the compelling reason to change
planning; embrace it as a means of professional development.
Engaged in frequent, continuous, and increasingly precise talk about teaching practices.
We all win or we all lose.
Teachers teach each other the practices of teaching.
Team is team directed and team monitored.
Deal with the difficult people in a respectful manner.
Celebrate the small successes.
[email protected] 2014
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Self-Assessment Tool
Quality Comment
Contribution
Motivation
Quality of Work
Time Management
Support for Team Members
Preparedness
Problem Solving Stance
Team Dynamics
Interactions with Others
Role Flexibility
Reflection of Collaboration
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“Creating a collaborative culture is the
single most important factor for
successful school improvement
initiatives and the first order of business
for those seeking to enhance the
effectiveness of their schools.”
Eastwood & Lewis
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The Foundational Characteristics
Necessary for Collaboration
• Trust
• Respect
• Confidentiality
• Loyalty
• Camaraderie
• Optimism
[email protected] 2014
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The Conditions Necessary for
Collaboration
1. Understand and appreciate change.
2. Understand and appreciate conflict.
3. Practice candor with compassion.
4. Know the expectations for tasks and
roles.
5. Have a shared work ethic.
6. Have a passion for what you do.
[email protected] 2014
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Stages We “Swim” Through
• Forming (Getting new people on board)
• Storming (Concerns will surface)
• Norming (Suddenly things will click)
• Performing (A Winning Team!)
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“Improving schools require collaborative
cultures…Without collaborative skills and
relationships, it is not possible to learn and
to continue to learn as much as you need
to know to improve.”
Michael Fullan
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Table Talk:
How are we doing with collaboration?
What can we do to move forward? • Trust
• Respect
• Confidentiality
• Loyalty
• Camaraderie
• Optimism
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1. Change?
2. Conflict?
3. Candor with compassion?
4. Clear expectations for
tasks and roles?
5. A shared work ethic?
6. A passion for teaching?
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Objective 4:
What are the elements of an
effective, efficient meeting?
When did teachers learn to lead
these meetings?
[email protected] 2014
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Select and Train
the Best Teacher Leaders
The Reasons to Collaborate
Change and Conflict
Work Team Dynamics
Elements of Effective Meetings
Facilitation Skills
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Elements of Effective Meetings
• Norms that work.
• Everyone has a role to play.
• Communication channels are established
• Agendas ensure that every meeting is an
effective use of time.
• Minutes and notes are provided to all who
have a need to know.
• Celebrations are included.
[email protected] 2014
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Norms and Commitments
– How we do our business
– Holding team members
accountable for the norms
1. Start and stop on time.
2. Be present in the present: Participate.
3. Support for each other; make it safe to share
4. One voice at a time; no sidebars; balance of talk time
5. Cell phones quiet; Limit interruptions.
[email protected] 2014
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Norms: The “rules” for our meetings by which we agree to operate while we are in this team.
Commitments: What individuals agree to do to support the team; Our behaviors.
What you do with norms and commitments once they are established?
• Review them at the beginning and end of each meeting.
• Writing them on the agenda.
• Have a process to address norm violation.
• Have a “norms evaluation” each semester.
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Meeting Norms The team will:
Be hard on topics; soft on people
Be positive and enthusiastic
Genuinely listen and respect other opinions and ideas
Have food and fun
Clearly define “results” for each meeting
End with accomplishments
[email protected] 2014
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Our Agreements
:Willingly and actively participate
Define problems before solutions
Solicit ideas of others and consider them
carefully
Speak up when concerned
Come fully prepared
Function by consensus
[email protected] 2014
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Agendas and Protocols
• Start every meeting with 3-5 minutes of reflection; Did we finish our “list” of to-dos.
• Set a protocol and stick with it.
• Leave with clear focus of what needs to be done before next meeting.
[email protected] 2014
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What Would The Planning Product Look Like?
Compliments/Celebrations
INITIATOR Our purpose is to focus on teaching and learning together:
1. Exactly, what is it we expect students to learn?
2. How will we know when they have learned it?
3. How will we teach it?
4. How will we respond when they don’t learn it?
5. How will we respond when they already know it?
Accomplishments from last meeting
INITIATOR
Topic
PLANNING LEADER Product:
Discussion
TIMEKEEPER
AND
PEACEKEEPER
To Do: Who will do what by when?
SCRIBE
Topic
Product:
Discussion To Do: Who will do what by when?
Group Reflection: What did we
accomplish? How are we working
together? Did we stick to our
agreements?
REFLECTOR
Team Agreements
1. We will be prepared and on time.
2. We will balance talk time so that everyone
contributes to discussion.
3. Everyone will be respectful of all ideas and work
cooperatively.
4. We will stay focused on the agenda, where items
are prioritized.
5. We will clearly define follow-though tasks so that
everyone can complete them successfully.
6. Meeting time is to be uninterrupted.
7. Agenda format must be followed; no parts are to
be skipped
8. We will read emails regularly from team members
so we use our meeting time efficiently.
Next Agenda Items
REFLECTOR
Date:________________________ Panning leader ___________ Peacemaker ______________
Scribe________________ Timekeeper______________ Initiator______________ Reflector _________________
Absent:____________________________________________________
[email protected] 2014
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Agenda
Discussion Item Key Points Action Steps Minutes
1. Barriers to Collaboration 5
2. How are we doing as a PLC? 15
3. Elements of Collaboration 20
Opening
Celebrations; Accomplishments; Successes
Closing
Reflection on the meeting
Next Week’s Agenda Items [email protected] 2014
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Right After Our Last Meeting
Minutes sent to:
– Team Members
– Academic Support Staff
– Media Specialist
– EC Staff
– Technology Support
– Administrators
– Others as needed
[email protected] 2014
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Minutes
Discussion Item Key Points Action Steps Minutes
1. Barriers to
Collaboration
• Listed barriers that make planning
time less effective.
• Shared benefits of collaborative
planning of instruction
• Stressed that planning is complex
process and there is not one “right”
way to plan. Training needed.
• Goal: To increase the efficiency and
effectiveness of instructional team
planning
Watch for
barriers and
shared
benefits of
collaborative
planning.
20
Opening
Celebrations; Accomplishments; Successes Small groups shared successes.
Follow-up from last meeting
(Had not met before)
Did we do what we said we would?
[email protected] 2014
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Discussion Item Key Points Action Steps Minutes
2. How are we doing
as a PLC?
• Defined true PLC’s
• Listed reasons PLCs matter.
• Discussed five questions to
guide team agendas. 1. What do we need to teach?
2. How will we know students
learned it?
3. How will we deliver the
instruction?
4. What do we do when students
don’t learn it?
5. What do we do for those who
already know the information?
• Reviewed five components are
PLC’s as identified by Rick
Dufour 1. Shared Vision, Mission and
Values 2. Individuals with Unique Skills
and Talents 3. Collaborative Relationships 4. Structured Work Environment 5. Comprehensive Academic
Focus
Watch your
agendas to see
if you are
discussing the
five questions.
25
[email protected] 2014
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My Job Will Be…
• Sort the job cards. Review and share the
responsibilities of your roles.
• How could you combine these to match
your team?
• What impact could each role have on the
effectiveness of the meeting?
[email protected] 2014
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When to Meet
• Set a routine schedule if possible
• Make these meetings sacred time.
• Minimize interruptions
• Maintain time limits
[email protected] 2014
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Where to Meet
• Not too big, not too small, just right
• Tables and Seating arrangement
• Who sits where (cliques, talkers)
• Work space
• No distractions; face away from the door
• Materials and equipment: flip charts, projector, lap top, markers, tape, etc.
• Resources: Manuals, texts, teacher’s professional library
[email protected] 2014
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Getting the Right People to the
Table
Who needs to be present
so decisions can be made?
Would you ever bring
other people into the team?
What are the team dynamics?
What is the role of the administrator in the meetings?
[email protected] 2014
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Celebrate together
• Small team
accomplishments
• Individual
accomplishments
• Compliments
• Words of Gratitude
• Fun
• Reflect on meeting
accomplishments.
[email protected] 2014
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Structuring Team Communication
Is every team member getting the
information that they need to know?
Who gets what information, when, why and
how?
[email protected] 2014
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Communication Channels
• Keeping everyone informed of what they need to know
• Not overloading people with too much information
• Use of email
• Use of voice mail
• Use of texts
• Face-to-face communication
• Other?
[email protected] 2014
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Table Talk:
• Which elements
are clearly in
place?
• Which need more
attention?
• Share your ideas
for training staff on
effective meetings
[email protected] 2014
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Objective 5: Three Stages of Planning
Review,
Reflect,
Refine,
Revise
Implement
Instruction
and
Assess
Student
Learning
Plan
Instruction
al
Strategies:
Organize
Lesson
Plans
Design the
Unit and
Lesson
Plans
Design the
Assessme
nts
What must
students
know
before,
during,
and after
instruction
?
Unwrap
Content
Standard:
Complete
Understan
ding
Learning
Team
Planning
Time
[email protected] 2014
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Which Way Do We Teach? Intentional Planning is Key
Relevancy
Global Awareness
21st Century Skills
Cognitive Levels
Building
Best Practices &
Teaching
Strategies
Assessment
Measures
Alignment to the
Standards
Inclusion of
Technology
Data Driven Lessons
Authentic, Problem –
Based Learning
Differentiation; Grouping
Procedures
Opportunities for
Service Learning
Parent & Community
Involvement
Literacy Connections;
Integration
Multi-cultural Aspects
[email protected] 2014
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[email protected] 2014
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Stages in Planning
• Planning curriculum (Standards, Assessments, Objectives)
Out-front planning
• Strategizing and implementing instruction
Up-close planning
• Reviewing, reflecting and revising instruction
“Before you forget” planning [email protected] 2014
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Dialogue Required • Discussion Guide comes prepared to share and
lead the dialogue.
• Allows time for each person to have input into
the discussion.
• Uses tools to brainstorm, be creative, and “own”
the lessons.
• Evaluate the ideas for alignment and
engagement.
• Dig into the details: How? When? Why?
• Allow for individual planning to vary in the end.
[email protected] 2014
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Out –front Planning: Planning curriculum (Standards, Assessments, Objectives) Up-close Planning: Strategizing and implementing instruction Reflective Planning: Reviewing, adjusting and revising instruction
[email protected] 2014
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Out Front Planning
• Look at the standard. Unpack it. Look at the verb. What does it entail?
• What must students know before we begin (prior knowledge)?
• What will be the hardest concept to teach?
• What will they need to know for us to be “finished?” What is mastery? What will the assessment look like?
• How can we “hook” students and make the learning relevant?
[email protected] 2014
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To Come Prepared
1. Standard-Bearer and Bundler
2. Data Driver
3. Relevancy Connector
4. Rigor Builder
5. Document Finder
6. Curriculum Integrator.
[email protected] 2014
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Document Finder LEXILE® MEASURES
Practice: Grades 6-8 Open Response Questions
Crosswalks
[email protected] 2014
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Learning Team
Planning Time
Unwrap Content
Standard: Complete
Understanding
What must students know before, during,
and after instruction?
Design the
Assessments
Design the Unit and Lesson
Plans: Relevancy and
Application
[email protected] 2014
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Up Close Planning
• Design the units or lessons • Select best strategies and activities • Examples to share • Questions to present • Sequence of the assignments • Clear product standards and expectations • Multiple possibilities presented • Consider engagement!
[email protected] 2014
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To Come Prepared
• Strategy Designer
• Technology Investigator
• Literacy Linker
• Resource Collector
• Differentiator
• Soft Skills Supporter
[email protected] 2014
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Soft Skills Supporter Flexibility Cooperation
Creativity Critical thinking Communication Goal-setting Persistence Collaboration Character Responsibility Empathy Patience
Resilience Ambition Integrity Decision-making
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Individual Lesson Planning
• Teachers are responsible for their own lesson
plans. Not everyone does the same thing the
same way the same day.
• Differentiation is included for individual students
in the class.
• Lesson design is considered: – Anticipatory set; hook
– Objectives
– Input/Teaching
– Practice/activities
– Assessment with each lesson
[email protected] 2014
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Learning Team
Planning Time
Plan Instructional Strategies:
Organize Lesson Plans; Prepare Materials; Final
touches
[email protected] 2014
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Sharing and Reflecting
Revise, refine, adjust. What were the challenges? What were our struggles? What have we learned together? What can we celebrate? What can we try differently?
[email protected] 2014
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Reflect on Student Learning
• Were students engaged?
• What were our results of work products?
• Examine the common assessments.
• Examine student work together.
• What needs to be retaught? How?
• How might we add enrichment?
[email protected] 2014
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Then, Reflect on the Unit of Study 1. Refine lesson objectives to add integration or project-
based tasks.
2. Does our team have a solid understanding of the standards?
3. Does our team have the common assessments that are needed and appropriate?
4. Is there a way to make unit relevant/real life? Which
resources were best?
5. What will we not do next year? Same? Differently?
[email protected] 2014
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Learning Team
Planning Time
Implement Instruction and Assess
Student Learning
Review, Reflect, Refine, Revise
[email protected] 2014
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Objective 6:
What will it look like in action?
Will it work?
Why/Why not?
What will principals need to do to make it
happen? [email protected] 2014
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Purpose:
Authentic Engagement so Learning is Retained.
Teachers Working Smarter, not Harder!
[email protected] 2014
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Objective 7: Our Role
How can administrators
support teachers with
quality planning,
monitoring curriculum
and instruction?
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Building the Capacity of Staff
What a principal must do:
1) Share expectations and let teachers know
change is coming and why
2) Promote a highly effective collaborative
planning process
3) Provide training for the planning process and
for team leaders
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4) Set up schedule for meetings.
5) Determine communication structures.
6) Get the administrative team on the
same page for planning and planning
improvements
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7) Have resources and materials in a
positive place for planning
– White board
– Chart paper/Markers
– Standards
– Alignment and support
documents
– School resources
– Available media
– Technology with projection device
– Calendar
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8) Monitor outcomes, provide specific feedback
and revise planning as necessary
On different agendas, is there evidence that teachers:
Unpacking and studying the standards
Writing essential questions and daily
lesson objectives
Designing/revising assessments
Sharing strategies and resources
Sharing student work
Examining outcomes
Planning re-teaching activities
Planning enrichment activities
Reflecting on our practice
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9) Differentiate support for teams based on
need
10) Visit classrooms often to see planning
in action.
11) Remove barriers as they arise. Be
sure norms, team dynamics and
agendas are in place.
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12) Attend planning meetings to ask tough
questions about the “Big Rocks”
• E Will engagement be at the authentic level?
• A How will you assess and know kids are learning?
• A How close is the alignment to the standards?
• R Where s the rigor? Whose doing the brain-stretch?
• S Have you chosen the best strategy for teaching this material?
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Objectives for Today
1. Collaboration is difficult.
2. PLCs are not the old planning/department meetings.
3. Collaboration is complex.
4. Effective, efficient meetings don’t just happen.
5. Planning needs to be broken down into three stages of
planning.
6. Everyone must have a significant part in the planning
process.
7. We know what we want to see and we know how to
move forward.
[email protected] 2014
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Thank you for your attention today! Mary B. Martin
Winthrop University [email protected]
[email protected] 2014